Intro to Animal Science Notes
What is Animal Science?
Scientific Study of animals for work, food, medicine, companionship,
and other consumer goods.
Animal Science generally focuses on domestic animals.
Zoologists generally focus on wild and captive animals.
A domestic animal living in proximity to humans; a tame animal.
Captive animals are non-domestic animals.
Why is it important?
Animals affect the lives of almost every human in some way.
Animal Products
Byproducts
Animal Science topics include breeds, breeding, nutrition, health,
anatomy and physiology, behavior and welfare, and animal scientists
research this to improve performance and productivity.
The Animal Science Industry
According to the USDA, U.S. Livestock, dairy. And poultry accounts for
$259 billion in AG income annually.
o Livestock includes cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and other
domestic animals ordinarily raised or used on the farm.
o Turkeys or domesticated fowl are considered poultry and not
livestock.
18% of US jobs are directly related to agriculture.
A significant % is indirectly related to agriculture as well.
Uses of Animals
Converting feed into food
o Meat, milk, eggs
o True ruminants: 4-compartment stomachs
Transform low-protein forage sources into a high-protein
product
o Non-ruminant; cannot digest forages and roughages
Typically fed grains to transform into a high-protein product
Clothing
o Wool & fiber
, o Leather
Power
o Historically used as the main source of protein until the invention
of mechanical technology.
o Still used today in many economically disadvantaged countries
Companionship and Recreation
o Horseback riding
o Dogs & Cats
Over 60% of homes in the US have at least 1 pet
Animal Products
Over 50% of US AG production value
Meat, milk, dairy, and eggs
o 13% of global Ag produced calories
o 26% of global protein
Animal byproducts
o Fat
o Bones, hooves, and horns
o Intestines
o Hides
o Blood and Viscera
Trends in Agriculture
Production and Consumption
o Animal Ag trends in the Western Hemisphere are driven by
human preferences and eating habits
o Several factors drive preferences and eating habits
According to the USDA
Aquaculture
o Production of aquatic animals and plants under controlled
conditions for all or parts of their life cycles. According to the
USDA, National Agriculture Statistics Service, the 2018 census of
aquaculture, the total sales of US aquaculture products were
about $1.5 billion.
Cattle and Beef
o The United States has the largest fed-cattle industry in the world
and is the world's largest producer of beef, primarily high-quality
grain-fed beef for domestic and export use.
What is Animal Science?
Scientific Study of animals for work, food, medicine, companionship,
and other consumer goods.
Animal Science generally focuses on domestic animals.
Zoologists generally focus on wild and captive animals.
A domestic animal living in proximity to humans; a tame animal.
Captive animals are non-domestic animals.
Why is it important?
Animals affect the lives of almost every human in some way.
Animal Products
Byproducts
Animal Science topics include breeds, breeding, nutrition, health,
anatomy and physiology, behavior and welfare, and animal scientists
research this to improve performance and productivity.
The Animal Science Industry
According to the USDA, U.S. Livestock, dairy. And poultry accounts for
$259 billion in AG income annually.
o Livestock includes cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and other
domestic animals ordinarily raised or used on the farm.
o Turkeys or domesticated fowl are considered poultry and not
livestock.
18% of US jobs are directly related to agriculture.
A significant % is indirectly related to agriculture as well.
Uses of Animals
Converting feed into food
o Meat, milk, eggs
o True ruminants: 4-compartment stomachs
Transform low-protein forage sources into a high-protein
product
o Non-ruminant; cannot digest forages and roughages
Typically fed grains to transform into a high-protein product
Clothing
o Wool & fiber
, o Leather
Power
o Historically used as the main source of protein until the invention
of mechanical technology.
o Still used today in many economically disadvantaged countries
Companionship and Recreation
o Horseback riding
o Dogs & Cats
Over 60% of homes in the US have at least 1 pet
Animal Products
Over 50% of US AG production value
Meat, milk, dairy, and eggs
o 13% of global Ag produced calories
o 26% of global protein
Animal byproducts
o Fat
o Bones, hooves, and horns
o Intestines
o Hides
o Blood and Viscera
Trends in Agriculture
Production and Consumption
o Animal Ag trends in the Western Hemisphere are driven by
human preferences and eating habits
o Several factors drive preferences and eating habits
According to the USDA
Aquaculture
o Production of aquatic animals and plants under controlled
conditions for all or parts of their life cycles. According to the
USDA, National Agriculture Statistics Service, the 2018 census of
aquaculture, the total sales of US aquaculture products were
about $1.5 billion.
Cattle and Beef
o The United States has the largest fed-cattle industry in the world
and is the world's largest producer of beef, primarily high-quality
grain-fed beef for domestic and export use.
