EMT Chapter 10 Patient Assessment
(12th Edition) Test Bank with All
Solved Solutions.
Patient Assessment Order - Answer Scene Size-Up
Primary Assessment
History Taking
Secondary Assessment Medical / Trauma
Reassessment
What question is used to determine Chief Complaint / What is a Chief Complaint? -
Answer "What seems to be the matter?"
Chief complaint is the most serious thing the patient is concerned about and the reason
the EMS was called.
MOI (Mechanism of injury) - Answer Type of force
How long is was applied
Where it was applied
Most commonly known as blunt force or penetrating trauma
NOI (Nature of illness) - Answer Illness or conditions not caused by an outside force.
Examining the general type of illness the patient is experiencing.
Primary Assessment - Answer Has a single important goal: to identify and begin
treatment of immediate or imminent life threats.
LOC. How is it determined? - Answer Level of Consciousness
CAO x 4 (PPTE)
Person, Place, Time, Event
Blunt Trauma - Answer Force occurred over a broad area
Skin is usually not broken
Penetrating Trauma - Answer The force of the injury occurs at a small point of contact
between the skin and object.
Open wound with high potential for infection.
Steps of greeting - Answer Introduce yourself
Identify immediate / threats
LOCs, ABCs
Form a general impression of the situation
AVPU - Answer Used on unconscious patients to test responsiveness.
Awake and Alert
Responsive to Verbal stimuli
Responsive to Pain stimuli
Unresponsive
Spontaneous respirations - Answer Patients who's breathing is present and
adequate / breathing without assistance
,A patient who does not respond to your questions, but moves or cries out when his or
her trapezius muscle is pinched, is said to be:
(AVPU) - Answer Painful stimuli
If a patient develops difficulty breathing after your primary assessment, you should
immediately: - Answer Reevaluate his or her airway status
What is the MOST effective method of assessing the quality or air movement in the
lungs? - Answer Auscultating breath sounds with a stethoscope
In responsive patients who are older than 1 year of age, you should palpate the pulse of
the _____ artery. - Answer Radial
Cyanosis of the skin is caused by: - Answer decreased blood oxygen
During a 30 - minute transport of a stable patient, you should reassess him or her at
least ___ times? - Answer 2 times
Every 15 minutes for stable
Every 5 minutes for unstable
For an adult, the normal resting pulse should be between: - Answer 60 - 100 BPR
Upon arriving at the scene of a patient with difficulty breathing, you determine that the
scene is safe and find the patient sitting in the chair in respiratory distress. Your first
action should be: - Answer Introduce yourself to the patient
Which question should be used to determine the patient's Chief Complaint? - Answer
"What seems to be the matter"
This is the most serious thing the patient is concerned about
An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. Your initial care should focus on: -
Answer ABCs; Airway, Breathing, Circulation
The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the: - Answer The most serious
thing the patient is concerned about
Pain that moves from its point of origin to another body location is set to be: - Answer
Radiating
What are the three physical signs of abnormal breathing before a primary assessment is
done? - Answer Speech, Posture, Positioning
Shallow Respirations - Answer Identified with little movement of the chest wall
(reduced tidal volume) or poor chest excursion
Retractions - Answer Movements in which the skin pulls in around the ribs during
inspiration.
Indicator in pediatric patients for inadequate breathing - Answer Nasal flaring
(widening of the nostrils) generally an obstruction in the airway and seesaw breathing
What are signs of Hypoxia? - Answer Cyanosis (Blueish tinting of the skin)
Low oxygen
, Labored breathing - Answer Characterized by the patient's position concentration on
breathing, and the increased effort and depth of each breath
What is the most common result in infants and small children with labored breathing for
a sustained amount of time? - Answer Respiratory arrest leading into cardiac arrest
due to exhaustion and the body no longer have the energy to breath
What happens when respiratory distress occurs? What does the respiratory system try
to do to replenish oxygen? - Answer Increases breathing
Pulse - Answer The pressure wave that occurs as each heartbeat causes a surge in
the blood circulating through the arteries.
Palpate - Answer to feel; to examine by touch
In unresponsive patients older than 1 year, palpate the ______ - Answer Carotid
Respiratory Distress Signs - Answer Agitation, anxiety, restlessness
Stridor, wheezing
Accessory muscle use; intercostal retractions, neck muscles use (sternomastoid)
Tachypnea
Mild tachycardia
Nasal flaring, seesaw breathing, head bobbing
Respiratory Failure signs - Answer Lethargy, difficult to rouse
Tachypnea with periods of bradypnea or agonal respirations
Inadequate chest rise/poor excursion
Inadequate respiratory rate or effort
Bradycardia
Diminished muscle tone
In patients younger than 1 year of age palpate: - Answer Brachial pulse, located at the
medial area (inside) of the upper arm
If you cannot find a pulse? - Answer Begin CPR
Normal respiratory rate in an adult - Answer 12-20 breaths per minute
Normal capillary refill time - Answer Less than 2 seconds
Normal body temperature of an adult - Answer 98.6F (37C)
How is perfusion assessed? - Answer By evaluating:
1. skin color
2. skin temperature
3. skin moisture
4. capillary refill
Conjunctiva - Answer Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball
Poor peripheral circulation will cause the skin to appear: - Answer White, ashen, gray,
possibly with a waxy translucent appearance
When the blood is not properly saturated with oxygen, the skin appears? - Answer
Blue
(12th Edition) Test Bank with All
Solved Solutions.
Patient Assessment Order - Answer Scene Size-Up
Primary Assessment
History Taking
Secondary Assessment Medical / Trauma
Reassessment
What question is used to determine Chief Complaint / What is a Chief Complaint? -
Answer "What seems to be the matter?"
Chief complaint is the most serious thing the patient is concerned about and the reason
the EMS was called.
MOI (Mechanism of injury) - Answer Type of force
How long is was applied
Where it was applied
Most commonly known as blunt force or penetrating trauma
NOI (Nature of illness) - Answer Illness or conditions not caused by an outside force.
Examining the general type of illness the patient is experiencing.
Primary Assessment - Answer Has a single important goal: to identify and begin
treatment of immediate or imminent life threats.
LOC. How is it determined? - Answer Level of Consciousness
CAO x 4 (PPTE)
Person, Place, Time, Event
Blunt Trauma - Answer Force occurred over a broad area
Skin is usually not broken
Penetrating Trauma - Answer The force of the injury occurs at a small point of contact
between the skin and object.
Open wound with high potential for infection.
Steps of greeting - Answer Introduce yourself
Identify immediate / threats
LOCs, ABCs
Form a general impression of the situation
AVPU - Answer Used on unconscious patients to test responsiveness.
Awake and Alert
Responsive to Verbal stimuli
Responsive to Pain stimuli
Unresponsive
Spontaneous respirations - Answer Patients who's breathing is present and
adequate / breathing without assistance
,A patient who does not respond to your questions, but moves or cries out when his or
her trapezius muscle is pinched, is said to be:
(AVPU) - Answer Painful stimuli
If a patient develops difficulty breathing after your primary assessment, you should
immediately: - Answer Reevaluate his or her airway status
What is the MOST effective method of assessing the quality or air movement in the
lungs? - Answer Auscultating breath sounds with a stethoscope
In responsive patients who are older than 1 year of age, you should palpate the pulse of
the _____ artery. - Answer Radial
Cyanosis of the skin is caused by: - Answer decreased blood oxygen
During a 30 - minute transport of a stable patient, you should reassess him or her at
least ___ times? - Answer 2 times
Every 15 minutes for stable
Every 5 minutes for unstable
For an adult, the normal resting pulse should be between: - Answer 60 - 100 BPR
Upon arriving at the scene of a patient with difficulty breathing, you determine that the
scene is safe and find the patient sitting in the chair in respiratory distress. Your first
action should be: - Answer Introduce yourself to the patient
Which question should be used to determine the patient's Chief Complaint? - Answer
"What seems to be the matter"
This is the most serious thing the patient is concerned about
An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. Your initial care should focus on: -
Answer ABCs; Airway, Breathing, Circulation
The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the: - Answer The most serious
thing the patient is concerned about
Pain that moves from its point of origin to another body location is set to be: - Answer
Radiating
What are the three physical signs of abnormal breathing before a primary assessment is
done? - Answer Speech, Posture, Positioning
Shallow Respirations - Answer Identified with little movement of the chest wall
(reduced tidal volume) or poor chest excursion
Retractions - Answer Movements in which the skin pulls in around the ribs during
inspiration.
Indicator in pediatric patients for inadequate breathing - Answer Nasal flaring
(widening of the nostrils) generally an obstruction in the airway and seesaw breathing
What are signs of Hypoxia? - Answer Cyanosis (Blueish tinting of the skin)
Low oxygen
, Labored breathing - Answer Characterized by the patient's position concentration on
breathing, and the increased effort and depth of each breath
What is the most common result in infants and small children with labored breathing for
a sustained amount of time? - Answer Respiratory arrest leading into cardiac arrest
due to exhaustion and the body no longer have the energy to breath
What happens when respiratory distress occurs? What does the respiratory system try
to do to replenish oxygen? - Answer Increases breathing
Pulse - Answer The pressure wave that occurs as each heartbeat causes a surge in
the blood circulating through the arteries.
Palpate - Answer to feel; to examine by touch
In unresponsive patients older than 1 year, palpate the ______ - Answer Carotid
Respiratory Distress Signs - Answer Agitation, anxiety, restlessness
Stridor, wheezing
Accessory muscle use; intercostal retractions, neck muscles use (sternomastoid)
Tachypnea
Mild tachycardia
Nasal flaring, seesaw breathing, head bobbing
Respiratory Failure signs - Answer Lethargy, difficult to rouse
Tachypnea with periods of bradypnea or agonal respirations
Inadequate chest rise/poor excursion
Inadequate respiratory rate or effort
Bradycardia
Diminished muscle tone
In patients younger than 1 year of age palpate: - Answer Brachial pulse, located at the
medial area (inside) of the upper arm
If you cannot find a pulse? - Answer Begin CPR
Normal respiratory rate in an adult - Answer 12-20 breaths per minute
Normal capillary refill time - Answer Less than 2 seconds
Normal body temperature of an adult - Answer 98.6F (37C)
How is perfusion assessed? - Answer By evaluating:
1. skin color
2. skin temperature
3. skin moisture
4. capillary refill
Conjunctiva - Answer Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball
Poor peripheral circulation will cause the skin to appear: - Answer White, ashen, gray,
possibly with a waxy translucent appearance
When the blood is not properly saturated with oxygen, the skin appears? - Answer
Blue
