PHY 150 Astronomy Midterm NOVA |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
exam with correct answers |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) - correct answer✔✔Polish physician and lawyer who began
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
the demolition of the geocentric model and the revolution in astronomical ideas that continues
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
to this day. Created a heliocentric model in De revoluctions orbium ceolestium that explained
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
retrograde motion and why Venus and Mercury never move very far from the sun. Also was |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
able to use geometry to determine each planet's distance from the sun
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Believed in Heliocentric |||\\\ |||\\\
Tycho Brahe - correct answer✔✔Danish astronomer whose observations showed the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
superiority of the heliocentric over the geocentric system and revealed the true shape of |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
planetary orbits. His observations suggested that the heavens were both changeable and more
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
complex than was previously believed. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
geoheliocentric believer- provided an alternative to the Ptolemaic geocentric system |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Johannes Kepler - correct answer✔✔The young assistant to Brahe who was able to use the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
information from Brahe to get a detailed picture of the path of Mars that was not circular but |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
elliptical. (pencil and string with two thumbtacks creates an ellipse). Responsible for
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
discovering shape of planetary objects and measured relative size of orbit. His discoveries of |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
the nature of planetary motions are expressed in what are known today as Keplers three laws.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Came up with name satellites. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
he developed a heliocentric model
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Galileo Galilei - correct answer✔✔Italian scientist who was interested in celestial motion and
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
all aspects of motion. Used the newly invented telescope to study astronomical objects. Did
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, not invent the telescope but was first to use it to study heavens. Discovered four moons of
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Jupiter.
contributions supported the heliocentric model. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Isaac Newton - correct answer✔✔deduced the law of gravity and discovered mathematical
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
methods for calculating gravitational force of spherical body when no methods were then
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
available. His discoveries still form the core for most of our understanding of gravity and the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
motion of bodies. Laws of motion and gravity.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
heliocentric
Aristotle - correct answer✔✔Started to give his observations about the universe. Taught that
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
the sun and moon and other planets orbit the earth, creating the geocentric theory.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Believed the earth was round? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Erathosenes - correct answer✔✔Greek Scholar, |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
invented longitude and latitude |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
He was able to calculate the circumference of the earth and calculate the earth's axial tilt with
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
remarkable accuracy. |||\\\ |||\\\
Supported heliocentric theory |||\\\ |||\\\
William Herschel - correct answer✔✔One of the first professional astronomers who
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
discovered infrared radiation. He developed cosmogony. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
He discovered Uranus. Introduced the term asteroid. Measured Mars's axial tilt.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
exam with correct answers |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) - correct answer✔✔Polish physician and lawyer who began
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
the demolition of the geocentric model and the revolution in astronomical ideas that continues
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
to this day. Created a heliocentric model in De revoluctions orbium ceolestium that explained
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
retrograde motion and why Venus and Mercury never move very far from the sun. Also was |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
able to use geometry to determine each planet's distance from the sun
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Believed in Heliocentric |||\\\ |||\\\
Tycho Brahe - correct answer✔✔Danish astronomer whose observations showed the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
superiority of the heliocentric over the geocentric system and revealed the true shape of |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
planetary orbits. His observations suggested that the heavens were both changeable and more
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
complex than was previously believed. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
geoheliocentric believer- provided an alternative to the Ptolemaic geocentric system |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Johannes Kepler - correct answer✔✔The young assistant to Brahe who was able to use the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
information from Brahe to get a detailed picture of the path of Mars that was not circular but |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
elliptical. (pencil and string with two thumbtacks creates an ellipse). Responsible for
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
discovering shape of planetary objects and measured relative size of orbit. His discoveries of |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
the nature of planetary motions are expressed in what are known today as Keplers three laws.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Came up with name satellites. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
he developed a heliocentric model
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Galileo Galilei - correct answer✔✔Italian scientist who was interested in celestial motion and
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
all aspects of motion. Used the newly invented telescope to study astronomical objects. Did
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, not invent the telescope but was first to use it to study heavens. Discovered four moons of
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Jupiter.
contributions supported the heliocentric model. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Isaac Newton - correct answer✔✔deduced the law of gravity and discovered mathematical
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
methods for calculating gravitational force of spherical body when no methods were then
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
available. His discoveries still form the core for most of our understanding of gravity and the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
motion of bodies. Laws of motion and gravity.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
heliocentric
Aristotle - correct answer✔✔Started to give his observations about the universe. Taught that
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
the sun and moon and other planets orbit the earth, creating the geocentric theory.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Believed the earth was round? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Erathosenes - correct answer✔✔Greek Scholar, |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
invented longitude and latitude |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
He was able to calculate the circumference of the earth and calculate the earth's axial tilt with
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
remarkable accuracy. |||\\\ |||\\\
Supported heliocentric theory |||\\\ |||\\\
William Herschel - correct answer✔✔One of the first professional astronomers who
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
discovered infrared radiation. He developed cosmogony. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
He discovered Uranus. Introduced the term asteroid. Measured Mars's axial tilt.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
