NURS 5463 Exam 1 :NURS 5463 Exam 1 Module 1: Questions & Answers: Updated Solution

Bullous emphysema can cause what? (Ans- Spontaneous pneumothorax, or tension pneumothorax Dyspnea mechanisms (AnsProblem with ventilatory pump Problem with respiratory controller Both Dyspnea Ventilatory pump issues cause? (Ansincreased airway resistance (decreased compliance) increased work of breathing Dyspnea Respiratory controller issues cause? (Ansstimulation of chemoreceptors in response to hypoxemia, hypercapnia, academia, bronchospasm, or interstitial edema lead to the ability to catch one's breathDyspnea HPI questions to ask (AnsDescription of dyspnea (quality of breathing) Functional impact of dyspnea Timing - when did it start? Precipitating factors - smoke exposure? Associated factors - fever, CP, cough, rash, N/V, etc. Dyspnea risk factors (Ansimmobility recent surgery age smoking - former or current malignancy autoimmune diseases recent upper respiratory infectionPMH to ask about for dyspnea? (Ansmalignancy chronic respiratory disorders (Asthma, COPD, interstitial lung disease) Heart Failure Chronic liver disease (volume overload) CKD Social history to ask about for dyspnea? (Anscurrent/former smoker illicit drug use chronic alcohol abuse Dyspnea assessment (AnsHandle emergent signs first physical exam - visual assessment - accessory muscle use, sitting position, pursed-lip breathing, cyanosis, rate Vitals - tachy, elevated BP, tachypnea, hypoxemiaFocused assessment for dyspnea? (AnsPulmonary-clubbing, edema, cyanosis, rashes, joint deformities Cardiac Both visual and auscultation Respiratory causes of dyspnea (AnsCOPD/asthma ILD/IPF pneumothorax neuromuscular disorders - GB or MG