BSC 108 exam 3
structure of DNA -✅✅ -composed of nucleotide
sub units - has sugar - phosphate backbone (deoxyribose and phosphate)
DNA - ✅✅-deoxyribosenucleic acid
nitrogen - containing bases - ✅✅-adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine
adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine - ✅✅-held together by hydrogen
bonds
✅✅-always pair together (DNA)
adenine = thymine
guanine = cytosine -
DNA replication - ✅✅-- 1 parent has 2 strands of separates
-each strand used to make new strand
- 2 daughter molecules is composed of 1 "old"/ "new" strand
origin - ✅✅-2 parent strands separate at ________ of replication
RNA - ✅✅-single stand nucleic acid
uracil, ribose - ✅✅-RNA contains ________ instead of thymine and
________ instead of deoxydie
mRNA, tRNA, rRna - ✅✅-3 types of RNA
mRNA (messenger) - ✅✅-carries genetic info copied from DNA
tRNA (transfers) - ✅✅-deciphering code words
rRNA (ribosomes) - ✅✅-translation of cells use to make protein
gene codes/ specific proteins - ✅✅-transcription, translation
synthesis of mRNA - ✅✅-transcription takes place in nucleus --> under
DNA
DNA --> RNA - ✅✅-transcription
RNA -->protein - ✅✅-translation
, frameshift mutations - ✅✅-does not fix the addition or deletion
pathologic - ✅✅-germs that cause diseases
polymerase chain reaction - ✅✅-PCR
plasmid - ✅✅-DNA molecule that naturally exists/ antibiotic resistance
genetically modified organism - ✅✅-genetically altered (by techniques)
transgenic organism - ✅✅-genes transplanted form species to another
restriction enzyme - ✅✅-cut a DNA molecule
PCR - ✅✅-copy segments of DNA
stem cell - ✅✅-develop into many cell types
gene therapy - ✅✅-treat or prevent diseases
therapeutic cloning - ✅✅-injection into egg --> nucleus removed
genetic engineering experiment - ✅✅-1. isolation of DNA from donor
2. insertion of donor DNA --> into vector genome
3. growth of recombination vector
genetic engineering - ✅✅-creating antibiotics
modify crops
vaccines 3 gene therapy
DNA finger printing - ✅✅ -family relationships exist
solve crimes
identify organism causing diseases
geographic distribution - ✅✅ -Galapagos finches
adaption and origin of new species
Hutton and Lyell - ✅✅
-geographic distribution was influenced by
_________ & ________
adaption - ✅✅-characteristic to survive and reproduce
structure of DNA -✅✅ -composed of nucleotide
sub units - has sugar - phosphate backbone (deoxyribose and phosphate)
DNA - ✅✅-deoxyribosenucleic acid
nitrogen - containing bases - ✅✅-adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine
adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine - ✅✅-held together by hydrogen
bonds
✅✅-always pair together (DNA)
adenine = thymine
guanine = cytosine -
DNA replication - ✅✅-- 1 parent has 2 strands of separates
-each strand used to make new strand
- 2 daughter molecules is composed of 1 "old"/ "new" strand
origin - ✅✅-2 parent strands separate at ________ of replication
RNA - ✅✅-single stand nucleic acid
uracil, ribose - ✅✅-RNA contains ________ instead of thymine and
________ instead of deoxydie
mRNA, tRNA, rRna - ✅✅-3 types of RNA
mRNA (messenger) - ✅✅-carries genetic info copied from DNA
tRNA (transfers) - ✅✅-deciphering code words
rRNA (ribosomes) - ✅✅-translation of cells use to make protein
gene codes/ specific proteins - ✅✅-transcription, translation
synthesis of mRNA - ✅✅-transcription takes place in nucleus --> under
DNA
DNA --> RNA - ✅✅-transcription
RNA -->protein - ✅✅-translation
, frameshift mutations - ✅✅-does not fix the addition or deletion
pathologic - ✅✅-germs that cause diseases
polymerase chain reaction - ✅✅-PCR
plasmid - ✅✅-DNA molecule that naturally exists/ antibiotic resistance
genetically modified organism - ✅✅-genetically altered (by techniques)
transgenic organism - ✅✅-genes transplanted form species to another
restriction enzyme - ✅✅-cut a DNA molecule
PCR - ✅✅-copy segments of DNA
stem cell - ✅✅-develop into many cell types
gene therapy - ✅✅-treat or prevent diseases
therapeutic cloning - ✅✅-injection into egg --> nucleus removed
genetic engineering experiment - ✅✅-1. isolation of DNA from donor
2. insertion of donor DNA --> into vector genome
3. growth of recombination vector
genetic engineering - ✅✅-creating antibiotics
modify crops
vaccines 3 gene therapy
DNA finger printing - ✅✅ -family relationships exist
solve crimes
identify organism causing diseases
geographic distribution - ✅✅ -Galapagos finches
adaption and origin of new species
Hutton and Lyell - ✅✅
-geographic distribution was influenced by
_________ & ________
adaption - ✅✅-characteristic to survive and reproduce
