N4410 (Clotting & ABGs)- Questions with
complete solutions
clotting
physiological process in which blood is converted from a liquid to a semisolid gel
localized clotting problem
- usually involves a vein or an artery
- can be either injury to a vessel or a clot within a vessel
systemic clotting problem
- problem extends to entire body
- usually the result of a significant hematological event
thrombus
stationary blood clot
embolus
moving blood clot
excessive clotting
- arterial thrombosis: excessive platelets, erythrocytes, ect
- venous thrombosis
virchow's triad
, - endothelial damage (dysfunction or damage)
- hypercoagulability (hereditary or acquired)
- stasis (immobility, polycythemia)
thrombocytopenia
- platelet count less than 150k mmol
- inadequate clotting & bleeding
abnormal bleeding s/s
- epistaxis (nose bleeding)
- hematochezia (bright red blood in stool)
- melena (dark red blood in stool)
- hemoptysis (blood in coughing)
- hematemesis (blood throwing up)
- poikilothermia (take on temp of surroundings)
INR (International normalized ratio)
- 0.8-1.1
- be concerned if greater than 2
- if on anticoagulants, 2-3 is therapeutic
PTT (partial thromboplastin time)
- 60-70 seconds
- looks at how long it takes for blood to clot
fibrinogen levels
complete solutions
clotting
physiological process in which blood is converted from a liquid to a semisolid gel
localized clotting problem
- usually involves a vein or an artery
- can be either injury to a vessel or a clot within a vessel
systemic clotting problem
- problem extends to entire body
- usually the result of a significant hematological event
thrombus
stationary blood clot
embolus
moving blood clot
excessive clotting
- arterial thrombosis: excessive platelets, erythrocytes, ect
- venous thrombosis
virchow's triad
, - endothelial damage (dysfunction or damage)
- hypercoagulability (hereditary or acquired)
- stasis (immobility, polycythemia)
thrombocytopenia
- platelet count less than 150k mmol
- inadequate clotting & bleeding
abnormal bleeding s/s
- epistaxis (nose bleeding)
- hematochezia (bright red blood in stool)
- melena (dark red blood in stool)
- hemoptysis (blood in coughing)
- hematemesis (blood throwing up)
- poikilothermia (take on temp of surroundings)
INR (International normalized ratio)
- 0.8-1.1
- be concerned if greater than 2
- if on anticoagulants, 2-3 is therapeutic
PTT (partial thromboplastin time)
- 60-70 seconds
- looks at how long it takes for blood to clot
fibrinogen levels
