AT 2300 Test 2 Questions and Correct Answers
100% Correct
Functions of the Foot and Toe
Standing
Provides stable platform
Body weight absorption
Shock absorption and force dissipation
Function of the Arches of the Foot
Shock absorption
Support body weight
Provide rigid lever for propulsion
Accommodation to uneven surfaces
Medial Longitudinal Arch
Allows for greater ROM
Supported by: spring ligament, long and short plantar ligaments, plantar fascia, tibialis anterior,
tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longs, peroneus longs
Windlass Effect
extend toes = increase in height of medial longitudinal arch
Plantar fascia becomes rigid and pulls bones together
Implications: plantar fasciitis = pain during toe raise
Lateral Longitudinal Arch
,Made of calcaneus, cuboid, 5 metatarsal
No muscular support
Transverse Metatarsal Arch
Originates at metatarsal heads
1st and 5th met heads are weight bearing
Supination of Foot
A combination of plantar flexion, inversion, and adduction
Roll foot out
Pronation of Foot
A combination of dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction
Roll foot in
History - Foot
What, when, how?
Location of pain : heel pain, medial arch, great toe, metatarsal, retrocalcaneal
Mechanism of injury
Onset: acute or insidious (playing surface, distance, shoes)
Inspection
Obvious deformity
Discoloration
Swelling (local or diffuse)
Atrophy/hypertrophy
, Wounds/scars
Pain/guarding
Inspection - foot
Pronated
Neutral
Supinated
Inspection -- Toes
General alignment
Morton's toe (1st met shorter than 2nd met)
Claw toes
Hammer toes
Hallux Valgus (toe turning outward)
Hallux Rigidus (1st MTP rigid)
Corns
Ingrown toe nail
Subungal hematoma
Pes Planus
Foot collapsing in -- flat arch
Pes Cavus
Ankle moving out -- high arch
Haglund's deformity
100% Correct
Functions of the Foot and Toe
Standing
Provides stable platform
Body weight absorption
Shock absorption and force dissipation
Function of the Arches of the Foot
Shock absorption
Support body weight
Provide rigid lever for propulsion
Accommodation to uneven surfaces
Medial Longitudinal Arch
Allows for greater ROM
Supported by: spring ligament, long and short plantar ligaments, plantar fascia, tibialis anterior,
tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longs, peroneus longs
Windlass Effect
extend toes = increase in height of medial longitudinal arch
Plantar fascia becomes rigid and pulls bones together
Implications: plantar fasciitis = pain during toe raise
Lateral Longitudinal Arch
,Made of calcaneus, cuboid, 5 metatarsal
No muscular support
Transverse Metatarsal Arch
Originates at metatarsal heads
1st and 5th met heads are weight bearing
Supination of Foot
A combination of plantar flexion, inversion, and adduction
Roll foot out
Pronation of Foot
A combination of dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction
Roll foot in
History - Foot
What, when, how?
Location of pain : heel pain, medial arch, great toe, metatarsal, retrocalcaneal
Mechanism of injury
Onset: acute or insidious (playing surface, distance, shoes)
Inspection
Obvious deformity
Discoloration
Swelling (local or diffuse)
Atrophy/hypertrophy
, Wounds/scars
Pain/guarding
Inspection - foot
Pronated
Neutral
Supinated
Inspection -- Toes
General alignment
Morton's toe (1st met shorter than 2nd met)
Claw toes
Hammer toes
Hallux Valgus (toe turning outward)
Hallux Rigidus (1st MTP rigid)
Corns
Ingrown toe nail
Subungal hematoma
Pes Planus
Foot collapsing in -- flat arch
Pes Cavus
Ankle moving out -- high arch
Haglund's deformity
