grief - Answers emotional response to loss
bereavement - Answers grief and mourning
theories of grief - Answers frameworks explaining the stages and processes of grieving
Kubler Ross's stages of grieving (1969) - Answers a model outlining five stages of grief: denial,
anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
denial - Answers individual acts as though nothing happened and may refuse to
believe/understand that a loss has occurred
anger - Answers resists loss and may strike out at everyone/thing
bargaining - Answers postpones awareness of reality of loss and may attempt to deal with the
situation as if loss can be prevented
depression - Answers realizes full impact and significance of loss; individual may feel lonely and
withdraw from interactions
acceptance - Answers accepts loss and begins to look forward to the future
Bowlby's 4 stages of mourning (1980) - Answers a model describing four stages individuals may
move back and forth between: Numbing, yearning and searching, disorganization and despair,
reorganization
Numbing - Answers duration is a few hours to a week; individual may describe the phase as
stunned or unreal
yearning and searching - Answers may last months to years; characterized by emotional
outbursts and tearful sobbing
disorganization and despair - Answers individual may examine how and why loss occurred and
may express anger at the responsible party
reorganization - Answers may last up to a year; involves acquiring new skills and building new
relationships while finding meaning in loss
Worden's 4 tasks of mourning - Answers framework outlining tasks to help individuals cope with
grief: accept reality of loss, work through the pain of grief, adjust to the environment,
emotionally relocate the deceased
accept reality of loss - Answers period of disbelief and surprise that the event has occurred;
process required to accept that the person is gone and will not return
work through the pain of grief - Answers response is individual; emotional pain exists and if shut
, off, pain will prolong grief
adjust to the environment in which the deceased is missing - Answers full impact of loss not
realized until about 3 months; involves assuming new roles and facing the full impact of loss
emotionally relocate the deceased and move on with life - Answers individual realizes they can
love another person without forgetting the deceased
types of grief - Answers different categories of grief responses, including normal grief,
anticipatory grief, disenfranchised grief, and complicated grief
normal grief - Answers consists of normal feelings, behaviors, and reactions to loss
anticipatory grief - Answers process of disengaging and letting go that occurs before actual
loss or death, often after receiving a terminal diagnosis
disenfranchised grief - Answers loss experienced but cannot be openly acknowledged or
publicly shared due to stigmatization, such as loss of partner from AIDS or suicide
complicated grief - Answers difficulty processing through normal phases or stages of grieving;
loss is not adequately dealt with
reactions to grief - Answers physiological and physical responses to grief that vary from person
to person
assessing your PT - Answers questions to consider regarding how grief affects day-to-day life,
associations with symptoms, time period of symptoms, and relationships between symptoms
Nursing Process - Answers A systematic approach to patient care that includes assessment,
diagnosis, planning, intervention, and evaluation.
Assessment - Answers Assess symptoms and reactions.
Nursing Diagnosis (I NANDA) - Answers Anxiety, fear, hopelessness, social isolation,
dysfunctional grieving, ineffective coping, caregiver role strain, spiritual distress, and
powerlessness.
Planning - Answers Set priorities.
Interventions/Teaching - Answers Therapeutic communication, hope, and facilitate mourning.
Palliative Care - Answers Symptom control, promote dignity, comfort, and fear.
Post-Mortem Care - Answers Family support and healthcare provider grief.
Evaluation - Answers Patient care, level of comfort, symptom relief, patient and family
expectations.