WGU: D027: Advanced Pathopharmacological
Foundations - Objective Assessment Verified
Multiple Choice and Conceptual Actual
Frequently Tested Exam Questions With
Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update!!
Q1. Which physical brain changes are most characteristic of Alzheimer’s
dementia?
A. Ventricular enlargement and dopamine depletion
B. Brain shrinkage with plaques and tangles
C. Basal ganglia calcifications
D. Spinal cord atrophy
Answer: B. Brain shrinkage with plaques and tangles
Q2. Which class of medications is prescribed to improve memory and cognitive
symptoms in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease?
A. NMDA receptor antagonists
B. Cholinesterase inhibitors
C. Dopamine agonists
D. Antipsychotics
Answer: B. Cholinesterase inhibitors
Q3. Which medication combination is FDA-approved for moderate-to-severe
Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Donepezil + Levodopa
,B. Rivastigmine + Galantamine
C. Donepezil + Memantine
D. Sertraline + Lorazepam
Answer: C. Donepezil + Memantine
Q4. Which cholinesterase inhibitor is approved for use in all stages of Alzheimer’s?
A. Rivastigmine (Exelon)
B. Donepezil (Aricept)
C. Galantamine (Razadyne)
D. Tacrine (Cognex)
Answer: B. Donepezil (Aricept)
Q5. Which statement best describes the mechanism of action of cholinesterase
inhibitors?
A. Increase dopamine synthesis
B. Block glutamate release
C. Prevent breakdown of acetylcholine
D. Enhance serotonin reuptake
Answer: C. Prevent breakdown of acetylcholine
Q6. Memantine (Namenda) works by regulating which neurotransmitter involved
in learning and memory?
A. Dopamine
B. Glutamate
C. Acetylcholine
D. GABA
Answer: B. Glutamate
,Q7. Which drug can be used for both mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s and
Parkinson’s disease dementia?
A. Donepezil
B. Rivastigmine
C. Memantine
D. Galantamine
Answer: B. Rivastigmine
Q8. A patient with moderate Alzheimer’s is started on memantine. Which clinical
benefit should the nurse expect?
A. Improved motor strength
B. Reduced hallucinations
C. Improved ability to perform daily activities
D. Decreased seizure risk
Answer: C. Improved ability to perform daily activities
Q9. What is the main function of the cerebellum?
A. Hormone regulation
B. Balance and coordination
C. Long-term memory storage
D. Sensory signal transmission
Answer: B. Balance and coordination
Q10. Ataxia is characterized by which group of symptoms?
A. Weakness, tremor, hyperreflexia
B. Slurred speech, stumbling, incoordination
C. Memory loss, confusion, agitation
D. Hypotonia, drooling, fasciculations
Answer: B. Slurred speech, stumbling, incoordination
, Q11. What is the primary cause of symptoms in ataxia?
A. Loss of myelin in peripheral nerves
B. Damage to the cerebellum
C. Degeneration of the hippocampus
D. Reduced dopamine in the basal ganglia
Answer: B. Damage to the cerebellum
Q12. Which genetic disorder is commonly associated with pediatric ataxia?
A. Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS)
B. Turner syndrome
C. Marfan syndrome
D. Down syndrome
Answer: A. Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS)
Q13. Which statement about ataxia treatment is correct?
A. It can usually be cured with cholinesterase inhibitors
B. Treatment focuses on underlying causes and supportive care
C. Viral ataxia is always permanent
D. Genetic causes are easily reversible
Answer: B. Treatment focuses on underlying causes and supportive care
Q14. Which cause of pediatric ataxia is often temporary and self-limiting?
A. Genetic mutations
B. Viral infections like chickenpox
C. Traumatic brain injury
D. Neurodegenerative disease
Answer: B. Viral infections like chickenpox
Foundations - Objective Assessment Verified
Multiple Choice and Conceptual Actual
Frequently Tested Exam Questions With
Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update!!
Q1. Which physical brain changes are most characteristic of Alzheimer’s
dementia?
A. Ventricular enlargement and dopamine depletion
B. Brain shrinkage with plaques and tangles
C. Basal ganglia calcifications
D. Spinal cord atrophy
Answer: B. Brain shrinkage with plaques and tangles
Q2. Which class of medications is prescribed to improve memory and cognitive
symptoms in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease?
A. NMDA receptor antagonists
B. Cholinesterase inhibitors
C. Dopamine agonists
D. Antipsychotics
Answer: B. Cholinesterase inhibitors
Q3. Which medication combination is FDA-approved for moderate-to-severe
Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Donepezil + Levodopa
,B. Rivastigmine + Galantamine
C. Donepezil + Memantine
D. Sertraline + Lorazepam
Answer: C. Donepezil + Memantine
Q4. Which cholinesterase inhibitor is approved for use in all stages of Alzheimer’s?
A. Rivastigmine (Exelon)
B. Donepezil (Aricept)
C. Galantamine (Razadyne)
D. Tacrine (Cognex)
Answer: B. Donepezil (Aricept)
Q5. Which statement best describes the mechanism of action of cholinesterase
inhibitors?
A. Increase dopamine synthesis
B. Block glutamate release
C. Prevent breakdown of acetylcholine
D. Enhance serotonin reuptake
Answer: C. Prevent breakdown of acetylcholine
Q6. Memantine (Namenda) works by regulating which neurotransmitter involved
in learning and memory?
A. Dopamine
B. Glutamate
C. Acetylcholine
D. GABA
Answer: B. Glutamate
,Q7. Which drug can be used for both mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s and
Parkinson’s disease dementia?
A. Donepezil
B. Rivastigmine
C. Memantine
D. Galantamine
Answer: B. Rivastigmine
Q8. A patient with moderate Alzheimer’s is started on memantine. Which clinical
benefit should the nurse expect?
A. Improved motor strength
B. Reduced hallucinations
C. Improved ability to perform daily activities
D. Decreased seizure risk
Answer: C. Improved ability to perform daily activities
Q9. What is the main function of the cerebellum?
A. Hormone regulation
B. Balance and coordination
C. Long-term memory storage
D. Sensory signal transmission
Answer: B. Balance and coordination
Q10. Ataxia is characterized by which group of symptoms?
A. Weakness, tremor, hyperreflexia
B. Slurred speech, stumbling, incoordination
C. Memory loss, confusion, agitation
D. Hypotonia, drooling, fasciculations
Answer: B. Slurred speech, stumbling, incoordination
, Q11. What is the primary cause of symptoms in ataxia?
A. Loss of myelin in peripheral nerves
B. Damage to the cerebellum
C. Degeneration of the hippocampus
D. Reduced dopamine in the basal ganglia
Answer: B. Damage to the cerebellum
Q12. Which genetic disorder is commonly associated with pediatric ataxia?
A. Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS)
B. Turner syndrome
C. Marfan syndrome
D. Down syndrome
Answer: A. Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS)
Q13. Which statement about ataxia treatment is correct?
A. It can usually be cured with cholinesterase inhibitors
B. Treatment focuses on underlying causes and supportive care
C. Viral ataxia is always permanent
D. Genetic causes are easily reversible
Answer: B. Treatment focuses on underlying causes and supportive care
Q14. Which cause of pediatric ataxia is often temporary and self-limiting?
A. Genetic mutations
B. Viral infections like chickenpox
C. Traumatic brain injury
D. Neurodegenerative disease
Answer: B. Viral infections like chickenpox
