, TESTBANKFORPORTH'SPATHOPHYSIOLOGY10THEDITIONBYNORRIS
h
Porth’sPathophysiology10thEditionNorrisTestBank
1. Ataninternationalnursingconference,manydiscussionsandbreakoutsessionsfocusedon n n h
ntheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)viewsonhealth.Ofthefollowingcommentsmadeby
h h h h h h n
nnursesduringadiscussionsession,whichstatementswouldbeconsidered a good h n h
nrepresentationoftheWHOdefinition?Selectallthatapply.
A) Interestsinkeepingtheelderlypopulationengagedinsuchactivitiesasbook h n
reviewsandwordgamesduringsocialtime
n
B) Increaseinthenumberofchairaerobicsclassesprovidedintheskilledcare h
facilities
n
C) Interventionsgearedtowardkeepingtheelderlypopulationdiagnosedwithdiabetes
mellitusundertightbloodglucosecontrolbyprovidingin-homecookingclasses
n
D) Providingtransportationforrenaldialysispatientstoandfromtheirhemodialysis
n h
sessions
n
E) Providinghandwashingteachingsessionstoagroupofyoungchildren
b h
nAns:A,B,C,E
Feedback:
TheWHOdefinitionofhealthisdefined as“astateofcompletephysical,mental,andsocial
h n h h
nwell-beingandnotmerelytheabsenceofdiseaseandinfirmity.”Engaginginbookreviews
nfacilitatesmentalandsocialwell-being;chairaerobicshelpsfacilitatephysicalwell-being;
nandassistingwithtightcontrolofdiabeteshelpswithfacilitatingphysicalwell-beingeven
h h
nthoughthepersonhasachronicdisease.Handwashingisvitalinthepreventionofdiseaseand
h
nspreadofgerms.
2. Acommunityhealthnurseisteachingagroupofrecentgraduatesaboutthelargevariety
h h
noffactorsthatinfluenceanindividual'shealthorlackthereof.Thenurseisreferringtothe h h
nHealthyPeople2020reportfromtheU.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesasa h
nteachingexample.Ofthefollowingaspectsdiscussed,whichwouldbeconsidereda
h
ndeterminantofhealththatisoutsidethefocusofthisreport? h h
A) TheclienthasadiversebackgroundbybeingofAsianandNativeAmerican h
descentandpracticesvariousalternativetherapies
n
tominimizeeffectsofstress.
n
B) Theclienthasafamilyhistoryofcardiovasculardiseaserelatedto
hypercholesterolemia
n n
andremainsnoncompliantwiththetreatmentregime.
n h
C) Theclienthasagoodcareerwithexceptionalpreventativehealthcarebenefits.
h h h
D) Theclientlivesinanaffluent,clean,suburbancommunitywithaccesstomany
h h
healthcarefacilities.
n
Ans:B
Feedback:
InHealthyPeople2020,thefocusistopromotegoodhealthtoall(suchasusingalternative h
ntherapiestominimizeeffectsofstress);achievinghealthequityandpromotinghealthforall h h
n(whichincludeshavinggoodhealthcarebenefits);andpromotinggoodhealth(which h h
nincludeslivingina cleancommunitywithgoodaccesstohealthcare).Aclient's
h n
nnoncompliancewithtreatmentstocontrolhighcholesterollevelswithinthepresenceofa
h h h
nfamilyhistoryofCVdiseasedoesnotmeetthe“attaininglivesfreeofpreventablediseaseand h h
nprematuredeath”determinant.
, TESTBANKFORPORTH'SPATHOPHYSIOLOGY10THEDITIONBYNORRIS
h
3. Aphysicianisprovidingcareforanumberofpatientsonamedicalunitofalarge,university h
hospital.Thephysicianisdiscussingwithacolleaguethedifferentiationbetweendiseases
n h
thatarecausedbyabnormalmoleculesand diseasesthatcausedisease.Whichofthe
n n h
followingpatientsmostclearlydemonstratestheconsequencesofmoleculesthatcause
n
disease?
n
A) A31-year-oldwomanwithsicklecellanemiawhoisreceivingatransfusionof
h h
packedredbloodcells n
B) A91-year-oldwoman whohas experienced anischemicstrokeresulting from n n n n h b n
familialhypercholesterolemia
n
C) A19-year-oldmanwithexacerbationofhiscysticfibrosisrequiringoxygen
h h h h
therapyandchestphysiotherapy
n
D) A30-year-oldhomelessmanwhohasPneumocystiscariniipneumonia(PCP)and isHIV
h h h h h
positive. n
Ans:D
Feedback:
PCPisan exampleoftheeffectofamoleculethatdirectlycontributes todisease. Sicklecell
n n n n n n n n n n n
anemia,familialhypercholesterolemia,andcysticfibrosisareallexamplesoftheeffectsof
n
abnormalmolecules.
n
4. Amemberofthehealthcareteamisresearchingtheetiologyandpathogenesisofa h h
numberofclientswhoareunderhiscareinahospitalcontext.Whichofthefollowingaspect
n
sof clients'situationsbNesUt R
n n n n chSaI
raNctGerTizBe.
s p C aOt h M ogenesisratherthan etiology? h n n n
A) AclientwhohasbeenexposedtotheMycobacteriumtuberculosisbacterium
h h h
B) Aclientwhohasincreasingserumammonialevelsduetolivercirrhosis
h h
C) Aclientwhowasadmittedwiththeeffectsofmethylalcoholpoisoning
h h
D) Aclientwithmultipleskeletalinjuriessecondarytoa
h h h
motorvehicleaccidentAns:B
n n
Feedback:
Pathogenesisreferstotheprogressiveandevolutionarycourseofdisease,suchasthe
n b
increasingammonialevelsthataccompanyliverdisease.Bacteria,poisons,and
n
traumaticinjuriesareexamplesofetiologicfactors.
, TESTBANKFORPORTH'SPATHOPHYSIOLOGY10THEDITIONBYNORRIS
h
5. Anewmyocardialinfarctionpatientrequiringangioplastyandstentplacementhas arrivedto n h h
n hisfirstcardiacrehabilitationappointment.Inthisfirstsession,areviewofthepathogenesisof h h h n
ncoronaryarterydiseaseisaddressed.Whichstatementbythepatientverifiestothenursethat
nhehasunderstoodthenurse'steachingsaboutcoronaryarterydisease? h
A) “AllIhavetodoisstopsmoking,andthenIwon'thaveanymoreheartattacks.”
h h h h h h
B) “Myarterywascloggedbyfat,soIwillneedtostopeatingfattyfoodslike h n h h
Frenchfrieseveryday.”
n
C) “Soundslikethisbeganbecauseofinflammationinsidemyarterythatmadeiteasy
h h h
toformfattystreaks,whichleadtomycloggedartery.”
n
D) “IfIdonotexerciseregularlytogetmyheartrateup,bloodpoolsintheveinscausing
h h
aclotthatstopsbloodflowtothemuscle,andIwillhaveaheartattack.”
n h h h h
Ans:C
Feedback:
Thetrueetiology/causeofcoronaryarterydisease(CAD)isunknown;however,the
pathogenesisofthedisorderrelatestotheprogressionoftheinflammatoryprocessfromafatty
n h
streaktotheocclusivevessellesionseeninpeoplewithcoronaryarterydisease.
n
RiskfactorsforCADrevolvearoundcigarettesmoking,diethighinfat,andlackofexercise.
h h h h h
6. A77-year-oldmanisahospitalinpatientadmittedforexacerbationofhischronic
obstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD),andarespiratorytherapist(RT)isassessingthe
n h
clientforthefirsttime.WhichNU
n ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMectsofthepatient'scurrentstateof
healthwouldbebestcharacterized asasymptomratherthanasign?
n h h
A) Thepatient'soxygensaturationis83%bypulseoxymetry. h
B) Thepatientnotesthathehasincreasedworkofbreathingwhen lyingsupine.
h h h h h h n h
C) TheRThearsdiminishedbreathsoundstothepatient'slowerlungfields h h
bilaterally.
n
D) Thepatient'srespiratoryrateis31breaths/minute.
Ans:B
n
Feedback:
Symptomsaresubjectivecomplaintsbythepersonexperiencingthehealthproblem,such
as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening to breath sounds, and
n n n n n n n n n n n
respiratoryrateareallobjective,observablesignsofdisease.
n
h
Porth’sPathophysiology10thEditionNorrisTestBank
1. Ataninternationalnursingconference,manydiscussionsandbreakoutsessionsfocusedon n n h
ntheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)viewsonhealth.Ofthefollowingcommentsmadeby
h h h h h h n
nnursesduringadiscussionsession,whichstatementswouldbeconsidered a good h n h
nrepresentationoftheWHOdefinition?Selectallthatapply.
A) Interestsinkeepingtheelderlypopulationengagedinsuchactivitiesasbook h n
reviewsandwordgamesduringsocialtime
n
B) Increaseinthenumberofchairaerobicsclassesprovidedintheskilledcare h
facilities
n
C) Interventionsgearedtowardkeepingtheelderlypopulationdiagnosedwithdiabetes
mellitusundertightbloodglucosecontrolbyprovidingin-homecookingclasses
n
D) Providingtransportationforrenaldialysispatientstoandfromtheirhemodialysis
n h
sessions
n
E) Providinghandwashingteachingsessionstoagroupofyoungchildren
b h
nAns:A,B,C,E
Feedback:
TheWHOdefinitionofhealthisdefined as“astateofcompletephysical,mental,andsocial
h n h h
nwell-beingandnotmerelytheabsenceofdiseaseandinfirmity.”Engaginginbookreviews
nfacilitatesmentalandsocialwell-being;chairaerobicshelpsfacilitatephysicalwell-being;
nandassistingwithtightcontrolofdiabeteshelpswithfacilitatingphysicalwell-beingeven
h h
nthoughthepersonhasachronicdisease.Handwashingisvitalinthepreventionofdiseaseand
h
nspreadofgerms.
2. Acommunityhealthnurseisteachingagroupofrecentgraduatesaboutthelargevariety
h h
noffactorsthatinfluenceanindividual'shealthorlackthereof.Thenurseisreferringtothe h h
nHealthyPeople2020reportfromtheU.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesasa h
nteachingexample.Ofthefollowingaspectsdiscussed,whichwouldbeconsidereda
h
ndeterminantofhealththatisoutsidethefocusofthisreport? h h
A) TheclienthasadiversebackgroundbybeingofAsianandNativeAmerican h
descentandpracticesvariousalternativetherapies
n
tominimizeeffectsofstress.
n
B) Theclienthasafamilyhistoryofcardiovasculardiseaserelatedto
hypercholesterolemia
n n
andremainsnoncompliantwiththetreatmentregime.
n h
C) Theclienthasagoodcareerwithexceptionalpreventativehealthcarebenefits.
h h h
D) Theclientlivesinanaffluent,clean,suburbancommunitywithaccesstomany
h h
healthcarefacilities.
n
Ans:B
Feedback:
InHealthyPeople2020,thefocusistopromotegoodhealthtoall(suchasusingalternative h
ntherapiestominimizeeffectsofstress);achievinghealthequityandpromotinghealthforall h h
n(whichincludeshavinggoodhealthcarebenefits);andpromotinggoodhealth(which h h
nincludeslivingina cleancommunitywithgoodaccesstohealthcare).Aclient's
h n
nnoncompliancewithtreatmentstocontrolhighcholesterollevelswithinthepresenceofa
h h h
nfamilyhistoryofCVdiseasedoesnotmeetthe“attaininglivesfreeofpreventablediseaseand h h
nprematuredeath”determinant.
, TESTBANKFORPORTH'SPATHOPHYSIOLOGY10THEDITIONBYNORRIS
h
3. Aphysicianisprovidingcareforanumberofpatientsonamedicalunitofalarge,university h
hospital.Thephysicianisdiscussingwithacolleaguethedifferentiationbetweendiseases
n h
thatarecausedbyabnormalmoleculesand diseasesthatcausedisease.Whichofthe
n n h
followingpatientsmostclearlydemonstratestheconsequencesofmoleculesthatcause
n
disease?
n
A) A31-year-oldwomanwithsicklecellanemiawhoisreceivingatransfusionof
h h
packedredbloodcells n
B) A91-year-oldwoman whohas experienced anischemicstrokeresulting from n n n n h b n
familialhypercholesterolemia
n
C) A19-year-oldmanwithexacerbationofhiscysticfibrosisrequiringoxygen
h h h h
therapyandchestphysiotherapy
n
D) A30-year-oldhomelessmanwhohasPneumocystiscariniipneumonia(PCP)and isHIV
h h h h h
positive. n
Ans:D
Feedback:
PCPisan exampleoftheeffectofamoleculethatdirectlycontributes todisease. Sicklecell
n n n n n n n n n n n
anemia,familialhypercholesterolemia,andcysticfibrosisareallexamplesoftheeffectsof
n
abnormalmolecules.
n
4. Amemberofthehealthcareteamisresearchingtheetiologyandpathogenesisofa h h
numberofclientswhoareunderhiscareinahospitalcontext.Whichofthefollowingaspect
n
sof clients'situationsbNesUt R
n n n n chSaI
raNctGerTizBe.
s p C aOt h M ogenesisratherthan etiology? h n n n
A) AclientwhohasbeenexposedtotheMycobacteriumtuberculosisbacterium
h h h
B) Aclientwhohasincreasingserumammonialevelsduetolivercirrhosis
h h
C) Aclientwhowasadmittedwiththeeffectsofmethylalcoholpoisoning
h h
D) Aclientwithmultipleskeletalinjuriessecondarytoa
h h h
motorvehicleaccidentAns:B
n n
Feedback:
Pathogenesisreferstotheprogressiveandevolutionarycourseofdisease,suchasthe
n b
increasingammonialevelsthataccompanyliverdisease.Bacteria,poisons,and
n
traumaticinjuriesareexamplesofetiologicfactors.
, TESTBANKFORPORTH'SPATHOPHYSIOLOGY10THEDITIONBYNORRIS
h
5. Anewmyocardialinfarctionpatientrequiringangioplastyandstentplacementhas arrivedto n h h
n hisfirstcardiacrehabilitationappointment.Inthisfirstsession,areviewofthepathogenesisof h h h n
ncoronaryarterydiseaseisaddressed.Whichstatementbythepatientverifiestothenursethat
nhehasunderstoodthenurse'steachingsaboutcoronaryarterydisease? h
A) “AllIhavetodoisstopsmoking,andthenIwon'thaveanymoreheartattacks.”
h h h h h h
B) “Myarterywascloggedbyfat,soIwillneedtostopeatingfattyfoodslike h n h h
Frenchfrieseveryday.”
n
C) “Soundslikethisbeganbecauseofinflammationinsidemyarterythatmadeiteasy
h h h
toformfattystreaks,whichleadtomycloggedartery.”
n
D) “IfIdonotexerciseregularlytogetmyheartrateup,bloodpoolsintheveinscausing
h h
aclotthatstopsbloodflowtothemuscle,andIwillhaveaheartattack.”
n h h h h
Ans:C
Feedback:
Thetrueetiology/causeofcoronaryarterydisease(CAD)isunknown;however,the
pathogenesisofthedisorderrelatestotheprogressionoftheinflammatoryprocessfromafatty
n h
streaktotheocclusivevessellesionseeninpeoplewithcoronaryarterydisease.
n
RiskfactorsforCADrevolvearoundcigarettesmoking,diethighinfat,andlackofexercise.
h h h h h
6. A77-year-oldmanisahospitalinpatientadmittedforexacerbationofhischronic
obstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD),andarespiratorytherapist(RT)isassessingthe
n h
clientforthefirsttime.WhichNU
n ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMectsofthepatient'scurrentstateof
healthwouldbebestcharacterized asasymptomratherthanasign?
n h h
A) Thepatient'soxygensaturationis83%bypulseoxymetry. h
B) Thepatientnotesthathehasincreasedworkofbreathingwhen lyingsupine.
h h h h h h n h
C) TheRThearsdiminishedbreathsoundstothepatient'slowerlungfields h h
bilaterally.
n
D) Thepatient'srespiratoryrateis31breaths/minute.
Ans:B
n
Feedback:
Symptomsaresubjectivecomplaintsbythepersonexperiencingthehealthproblem,such
as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening to breath sounds, and
n n n n n n n n n n n
respiratoryrateareallobjective,observablesignsofdisease.
n
