OBJECTIVE
ASSESSMENT:LEARNERS AND
LEARNING SCIENCE STUDY GUIDE
100% ACCURATE 2025/2026
, acquisition - ANSWERSlearning new information by actively paying attention and
engaging with the material
consolidation - ANSWERSorganizing and reinforcing new information by connecting it to
what you already know and practicing it to better remember it
short-term memory (STM) - ANSWERSa mental space that temporarily holds a small
amount of information for a short time, usually a few seconds to a minute
long-term memory (LTM) - ANSWERSthe storage of information for a long time,
including knowledge, skills, and experiences
sensorimotor stage - ANSWERSinfants (0-2 years old) explore through senses and
actions, developing an understanding of object permanence and laying cognitive
foundations
object permanence - ANSWERSthe understanding that something still exists even
though it cannot be seen or heard
trust v. mistrust stage - ANSWERSinfants learn to rely on caregivers for their basic
needs, fostering trust while inconsistency in meeting these needs can lead to mistrust,
suspicion, and anxiety about their environment
autonomy v. shame/doubt stage - ANSWERSthe shame and doubt stage involves a
child's journey toward independence and decision-making
sensory exploration - ANSWERSinvolves activities that engage the senses—touch,
sight, hearing, smell, and taste—helping children explore and understand the world
around them
fine motor skills - ANSWERSfine motor skills involve tiny muscles working with the brain
and nervous system to control movements in areas like the hands, fingers, lips, tongue,
and eyes
initiative v. guilt stage - ANSWERSchildren between ages 3 and 6 display increased
assertiveness by taking the lead in play and engaging in social interactions more
actively
preoperational stage - ANSWERSchildren between the ages of 2 and 7 years old think
symbolically, using symbols to represent words, objects, images, individuals, and
concepts, enabling the capacity to mimic behavior through imitation
ASSESSMENT:LEARNERS AND
LEARNING SCIENCE STUDY GUIDE
100% ACCURATE 2025/2026
, acquisition - ANSWERSlearning new information by actively paying attention and
engaging with the material
consolidation - ANSWERSorganizing and reinforcing new information by connecting it to
what you already know and practicing it to better remember it
short-term memory (STM) - ANSWERSa mental space that temporarily holds a small
amount of information for a short time, usually a few seconds to a minute
long-term memory (LTM) - ANSWERSthe storage of information for a long time,
including knowledge, skills, and experiences
sensorimotor stage - ANSWERSinfants (0-2 years old) explore through senses and
actions, developing an understanding of object permanence and laying cognitive
foundations
object permanence - ANSWERSthe understanding that something still exists even
though it cannot be seen or heard
trust v. mistrust stage - ANSWERSinfants learn to rely on caregivers for their basic
needs, fostering trust while inconsistency in meeting these needs can lead to mistrust,
suspicion, and anxiety about their environment
autonomy v. shame/doubt stage - ANSWERSthe shame and doubt stage involves a
child's journey toward independence and decision-making
sensory exploration - ANSWERSinvolves activities that engage the senses—touch,
sight, hearing, smell, and taste—helping children explore and understand the world
around them
fine motor skills - ANSWERSfine motor skills involve tiny muscles working with the brain
and nervous system to control movements in areas like the hands, fingers, lips, tongue,
and eyes
initiative v. guilt stage - ANSWERSchildren between ages 3 and 6 display increased
assertiveness by taking the lead in play and engaging in social interactions more
actively
preoperational stage - ANSWERSchildren between the ages of 2 and 7 years old think
symbolically, using symbols to represent words, objects, images, individuals, and
concepts, enabling the capacity to mimic behavior through imitation
