IAPD midterm view from notes
paradigm
a set of rules (worldview) that establish boundaries and tells you how to be successful within the
boundaries
paradigms act as filters
- things that agree with your paradigm you accept
- things that disagree with it you reject, ignore or disort to fit your existing paradigm
- they dramatically affect our judgement and decision-making by influencing our perceptions
"the best of either sex should be united with the best as ofte, and the inferior with the inferior, as
seldom as possible...the offspring of the inferior, or of the better when they chance to be deformed,
will be put away..."
plato
"let there be a law that no deformed child shall live"
aristotle
19th and early 20th centuries
- "schools" were created for children who were blind and deaf or who had other disabilities as well as
institutions/residential care
- development of intelligence testing (Binet and Simon) and beliefs about IQ (1916)
- there was a growth of classification systems to describe medical and learning conditions
darkness within progress: eugenics
,- between 1907-1939 over 30,000 people in 29 states were sterilized so they would not pass on their
genes
- immigrations act of 1924: limited the number of immigrants allowed entry in the US through a national
origins quota. it aimed to "preserve the ideal of American homogeneity" and limit undesirable traits of
immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and Africa.
- Hitler: eradication individuals to create the "master race" (starting with individuals with disabilities)
institutionalization - justification
seperate in order to...
- protect "deviant" individuals from "non-deviant" people
- protect non-deviant individuals from deviant individuals
- provide more "appropriate" approaches for people with disabilities
institutionalization: willowbrook
- 1947: willowbrook opened
- first 10 years: researchers used subjects in hepatitis research
- built for 4,000 people, yet by 1965, 6,000 individuals lived there
- 1960's: deemed "warehouse for NYC mentally disabled children"
- 1972: gerlado rivera reported an expose "the last disgrace"
- closed in 1987
1954: brown vs. board of education
- centered on race
- "seperate education is not equal education"
1972: PARC vs. PENN and Mills vs D.C.
, - court ruled that the state could not deny an individual child the right of equal access to education
based on the intellectual or developmental disability
- first cases to trial children with a disability (physical, developmental, intellectual) to be denied public
education in the US
1973: section 504 of the rehabilitation act
- what covers and gives rights, access and accommodations to individuals who might not have a
disability but one that impacts their ability to learn
1975: PL-94-143, education for all handicapped children act (now IDEA)
- legislation that guides disability schooling
1990: ADA
americans with disabilities act
two types of civil rights laws
- americans with disabilities act (ADA)
- section 504
education laws
- individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA)
- family education rights privacy act (FERPA)
individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA)
to ensure that all students with disabilities as defined under IDEA have available to them a free and
appropriate education that emphasizes specialized instruction and related services designed to meet
their individual needs and prepare them for life beyond public school (IDEA 2004)
paradigm
a set of rules (worldview) that establish boundaries and tells you how to be successful within the
boundaries
paradigms act as filters
- things that agree with your paradigm you accept
- things that disagree with it you reject, ignore or disort to fit your existing paradigm
- they dramatically affect our judgement and decision-making by influencing our perceptions
"the best of either sex should be united with the best as ofte, and the inferior with the inferior, as
seldom as possible...the offspring of the inferior, or of the better when they chance to be deformed,
will be put away..."
plato
"let there be a law that no deformed child shall live"
aristotle
19th and early 20th centuries
- "schools" were created for children who were blind and deaf or who had other disabilities as well as
institutions/residential care
- development of intelligence testing (Binet and Simon) and beliefs about IQ (1916)
- there was a growth of classification systems to describe medical and learning conditions
darkness within progress: eugenics
,- between 1907-1939 over 30,000 people in 29 states were sterilized so they would not pass on their
genes
- immigrations act of 1924: limited the number of immigrants allowed entry in the US through a national
origins quota. it aimed to "preserve the ideal of American homogeneity" and limit undesirable traits of
immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and Africa.
- Hitler: eradication individuals to create the "master race" (starting with individuals with disabilities)
institutionalization - justification
seperate in order to...
- protect "deviant" individuals from "non-deviant" people
- protect non-deviant individuals from deviant individuals
- provide more "appropriate" approaches for people with disabilities
institutionalization: willowbrook
- 1947: willowbrook opened
- first 10 years: researchers used subjects in hepatitis research
- built for 4,000 people, yet by 1965, 6,000 individuals lived there
- 1960's: deemed "warehouse for NYC mentally disabled children"
- 1972: gerlado rivera reported an expose "the last disgrace"
- closed in 1987
1954: brown vs. board of education
- centered on race
- "seperate education is not equal education"
1972: PARC vs. PENN and Mills vs D.C.
, - court ruled that the state could not deny an individual child the right of equal access to education
based on the intellectual or developmental disability
- first cases to trial children with a disability (physical, developmental, intellectual) to be denied public
education in the US
1973: section 504 of the rehabilitation act
- what covers and gives rights, access and accommodations to individuals who might not have a
disability but one that impacts their ability to learn
1975: PL-94-143, education for all handicapped children act (now IDEA)
- legislation that guides disability schooling
1990: ADA
americans with disabilities act
two types of civil rights laws
- americans with disabilities act (ADA)
- section 504
education laws
- individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA)
- family education rights privacy act (FERPA)
individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA)
to ensure that all students with disabilities as defined under IDEA have available to them a free and
appropriate education that emphasizes specialized instruction and related services designed to meet
their individual needs and prepare them for life beyond public school (IDEA 2004)
