Clinical Microbiology Test Questions and Answers
Graded A+
Define the term Microbiology - -The study What are the 3 basic shapes of bacterium -
of microorganisms and their relationships to the -Cocci, Bacilli and Spirilla
environment, humans and animals in disease
List the growth factor/conditions in order to grow
Name the 5 classifications of microorganisms - bacteria in the lab - -Atmosphere: Aerobic,
-Bacteria, Virus, Mycobacterium, Fungi, Anaerobic, Facultative Anaerobic conditions
Parasites
Temperature: Psychrophiles, Mesophiles,
Thermophiles
Blood agar is the most commonly used media in
the clinical laboratory. What type of media is pH: Acidic vs Alkalinity environment
blood agar? - -Enriched media, Differential
media (detection of Beta-hemolytic organisms) Osmotic Pressure: Isotonic conditions
List some agars that are generally used in stool What are the 4 stages of the Microbial Growth
cultures and what type they are - -BAP - Curve - -Lag Phase: Introduction of
Enriched, Differential bacteria into the environment
MAC - Selective, Differential
Campy - Enriched, Selective Log (Exponential) Phase: Grow and multiply i.e.]
Hektoen Enteric (HE) - Selective, Differential 2,4,8,16,32,64,128 . . .
Mac Sorbitol - Enriched, Selective
Stationary Phase: When the nutrients are
depleting and toxic by-products accumulate
What media is used for Funal cultures? - -
Sabouraud's (Sabs) Decline (Death) Phase: Nutrients are totally
Inhibitory Mold (IMA) depleted
Brain Heart Infusion (BHI)
What is the difference between Normal and
What media is generally used for the cultivation Transient Flora? - -Normal flora are
of acid fast bacilli? - -7H11 microorganisms that are permanent residents in
7H11 Selective certain parts of the body. Transient flora are
organisms that we encounter everyday but do not
attach permanently
Explain the difference between Prokaryote and
Eukaryote - -Prokaryotes are bacteria that
has free floating RNA and DNA floating within the What normal flora is found on the skin? - -
cell whereas Eukaryotes have a true nucleus Staph epidermidis
surrounded by a nuclear membrane Staph aureus
Propionibacterium acnes (anaerobic)
Corynebacterium
, Clinical Microbiology Test Questions and Answers
Graded A+
Coag =
List some of the enterobacteriaceae organisms - Novobiocin Sensitive
-Salmonella
Shigella
Proteus Describe how to ID: Staph saprophyticus -
E. coli -Gram + cocci:
Klebsiella Catalase +
Enterobacter Coag =
Yersinia Novobiocin Resistant
Serratia
Describe how to ID: Strept pneumoniae - -
List some normal flora organisms located in the Gram + cocci (chains)
mouth - -Staph epi Catalase =
Staph aureus Alpha hemolytic
Strept mitis Optochin Sensitive
Stept salivarius
Strept pneumo
Neisseria species - N meningitidis Describe how to ID: Strept mitis - -Gram +
Lactobacillus species cocci (chains)
Spirochetes Catalase =
Alpha hemolytic
Optochin Resistant
What is the main difference between Gram + and
Gram = organisms? - -Purple vs Red . . .
Describe how to ID: Strept pyogenes - -
Gram + bacteria have a thick layer of Gram + cocci (chains)
peptidoglycan that Crystal Violet stain Catalase =
penetrates. A gram = bacterium has an outer Beta Hemolytic
membrane covering a thin layer of peptidoglycan, Bacitracin Sensitive and/or PYR +
Safranin or Carbol fuchsin penetrates (either test can be down to clinically result)
Describe how to ID: Staph aureus - -Gram Describe how to ID: Strept agalactiae - -
+ cocci (clusters): Gram + cocci (chains)
Catalase + Catalase =
Coag + Beta Hemolytic
(You can clinically report out S aureus from these Bacitracin Resistant and/or PYR =
2 positive tests) (either test can be down to clinically result)
Describe how to ID: Staph epidermidis - - Describe how to ID: Enterococcus species -
Gram + cocci: -Gram + cocci
Catalase + Catalase =
Graded A+
Define the term Microbiology - -The study What are the 3 basic shapes of bacterium -
of microorganisms and their relationships to the -Cocci, Bacilli and Spirilla
environment, humans and animals in disease
List the growth factor/conditions in order to grow
Name the 5 classifications of microorganisms - bacteria in the lab - -Atmosphere: Aerobic,
-Bacteria, Virus, Mycobacterium, Fungi, Anaerobic, Facultative Anaerobic conditions
Parasites
Temperature: Psychrophiles, Mesophiles,
Thermophiles
Blood agar is the most commonly used media in
the clinical laboratory. What type of media is pH: Acidic vs Alkalinity environment
blood agar? - -Enriched media, Differential
media (detection of Beta-hemolytic organisms) Osmotic Pressure: Isotonic conditions
List some agars that are generally used in stool What are the 4 stages of the Microbial Growth
cultures and what type they are - -BAP - Curve - -Lag Phase: Introduction of
Enriched, Differential bacteria into the environment
MAC - Selective, Differential
Campy - Enriched, Selective Log (Exponential) Phase: Grow and multiply i.e.]
Hektoen Enteric (HE) - Selective, Differential 2,4,8,16,32,64,128 . . .
Mac Sorbitol - Enriched, Selective
Stationary Phase: When the nutrients are
depleting and toxic by-products accumulate
What media is used for Funal cultures? - -
Sabouraud's (Sabs) Decline (Death) Phase: Nutrients are totally
Inhibitory Mold (IMA) depleted
Brain Heart Infusion (BHI)
What is the difference between Normal and
What media is generally used for the cultivation Transient Flora? - -Normal flora are
of acid fast bacilli? - -7H11 microorganisms that are permanent residents in
7H11 Selective certain parts of the body. Transient flora are
organisms that we encounter everyday but do not
attach permanently
Explain the difference between Prokaryote and
Eukaryote - -Prokaryotes are bacteria that
has free floating RNA and DNA floating within the What normal flora is found on the skin? - -
cell whereas Eukaryotes have a true nucleus Staph epidermidis
surrounded by a nuclear membrane Staph aureus
Propionibacterium acnes (anaerobic)
Corynebacterium
, Clinical Microbiology Test Questions and Answers
Graded A+
Coag =
List some of the enterobacteriaceae organisms - Novobiocin Sensitive
-Salmonella
Shigella
Proteus Describe how to ID: Staph saprophyticus -
E. coli -Gram + cocci:
Klebsiella Catalase +
Enterobacter Coag =
Yersinia Novobiocin Resistant
Serratia
Describe how to ID: Strept pneumoniae - -
List some normal flora organisms located in the Gram + cocci (chains)
mouth - -Staph epi Catalase =
Staph aureus Alpha hemolytic
Strept mitis Optochin Sensitive
Stept salivarius
Strept pneumo
Neisseria species - N meningitidis Describe how to ID: Strept mitis - -Gram +
Lactobacillus species cocci (chains)
Spirochetes Catalase =
Alpha hemolytic
Optochin Resistant
What is the main difference between Gram + and
Gram = organisms? - -Purple vs Red . . .
Describe how to ID: Strept pyogenes - -
Gram + bacteria have a thick layer of Gram + cocci (chains)
peptidoglycan that Crystal Violet stain Catalase =
penetrates. A gram = bacterium has an outer Beta Hemolytic
membrane covering a thin layer of peptidoglycan, Bacitracin Sensitive and/or PYR +
Safranin or Carbol fuchsin penetrates (either test can be down to clinically result)
Describe how to ID: Staph aureus - -Gram Describe how to ID: Strept agalactiae - -
+ cocci (clusters): Gram + cocci (chains)
Catalase + Catalase =
Coag + Beta Hemolytic
(You can clinically report out S aureus from these Bacitracin Resistant and/or PYR =
2 positive tests) (either test can be down to clinically result)
Describe how to ID: Staph epidermidis - - Describe how to ID: Enterococcus species -
Gram + cocci: -Gram + cocci
Catalase + Catalase =
