GCSE AQA Biology Higher Questions with Correct Answers
Are animal cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic? - ✔✔Eukaryotic
Are plant cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic? - ✔✔Eukaryotic
Are bacteria cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - ✔✔Prokaryotic
are prokaryotic cells much bigger or smaller than eukaryotic? - ✔✔much smaller
Parts of a eukaryotic cell - ✔✔cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
Parts of a prokaryotic cell - ✔✔cell wall
dna loop
cell membrane
cytoplasm
plasmids
give 5 sub cellular structures that are found in both animal and plant cells? - ✔✔-nucleus
-cytoplasm
-cell membrane
-ribosomes
-mitochondria
give 3 sub cellular structures that are found in plant cells but not in animal plants? - ✔✔-cell
wall
-chloroplasts
-permanent vacuole
,what the function of the nucleus ? - ✔✔contains genetic material
Function of cell membrane - ✔✔regulates what enters and leaves the cell
function of mitochondria - ✔✔cellular respiration
function of chloroplast - ✔✔Contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for photosyntheis
cell wall function? - ✔✔provides support and protection
function of plasmids in bacteria cell? - ✔✔contains extra genetic material that can help the
bacteria cell survive
What are plant cell walls made of? - ✔✔cellulose
what is a plant cells permanent vacuole filled will? - ✔✔cell sap
give 2 differences between electron microscopes and light microscopes? - ✔✔electron
microscopes have a much higher magnification and a much higher resolution than light
microscopes
what formula is used to calculate magnification of an image? - ✔✔magnification = imagine size
/real size
give a brief method for using a light microscope to look at a prepared slide - ✔✔USING A LIGHT
MICROSCOPE TO LOOK AT A PREPARED SLIDE
1)put the slide on the stage
,2)select the lowest power lens
3)use the coarse adjustment knob to roughly focus the slide
4)use the fine adjustment(FA)knob to clearly focus the slide
5)switch to a higher power lens to increase magnification and refocus with the FA knob
give 3 things to remember when drawing cells observed through a light microscope ? - ✔✔-use
a pencil
-label the main structures
-include the magnification used
what happens when cells differentiate? - ✔✔when cells differentiate they develop different
sub-cellular structures that make them carry out certain functions
how are animal cells different to plant cells in their ability to differentiate? - ✔✔most animal
cells differentiate early in development and can't differentiate again
many plant cells can differentiate whenever they need to
give 3 ways that a sperm cell is specialised to do its job - ✔✔FUNCTION:to get DNA into egg cell
-tail for swimming
-lots of mitochondria to provide energy
-enzymes in head to digest egg cell membrane
give 2 ways that a nerve cell is specialised to do its job - ✔✔FUNCTION:carries messages around
the body at high speed
-fatty sheath speeds up message transport
-long so it can carry messages over a distance
, how is a plant root cell specialised to do its job? - ✔✔FUNCTION:helps a plant absorb water and
minerals from soil.
-a long and thin extension gives a larger surface area for absorption
give 2 ways that muscle cells are specialised to do their jobs? - ✔✔FUNCTION:creates
movement by contracting and relaxing
-long protein strands that can slide over each other ti shorten/lengthen the cell
-lots of mitochondria to generate energy
How are xylem cells specialised? - ✔✔FUNCTION:Xylem cells form tubes that transport ester
and minerals through the plant.
*they're dead cells with holes at either end-water and minerals can just flow right through
them
How are phloem cells specialised? - ✔✔FUNCTION:transport dissolved sugars in a plant.
-few sub cellular structures so sugars flow through easily
-pores in end walls to let sugars through
Where are chromosomes found? - ✔✔nucleus
what are chromosomes made up of? - ✔✔long lengths of DNA
how many chromosomes are there in the total human body? - ✔✔there are 46 in a human
body cell
how many pairs of chromosomes are there in the human body cell? - ✔✔there are 23 pairs of
chromosomes in a human body cell
Are animal cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic? - ✔✔Eukaryotic
Are plant cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic? - ✔✔Eukaryotic
Are bacteria cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - ✔✔Prokaryotic
are prokaryotic cells much bigger or smaller than eukaryotic? - ✔✔much smaller
Parts of a eukaryotic cell - ✔✔cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
Parts of a prokaryotic cell - ✔✔cell wall
dna loop
cell membrane
cytoplasm
plasmids
give 5 sub cellular structures that are found in both animal and plant cells? - ✔✔-nucleus
-cytoplasm
-cell membrane
-ribosomes
-mitochondria
give 3 sub cellular structures that are found in plant cells but not in animal plants? - ✔✔-cell
wall
-chloroplasts
-permanent vacuole
,what the function of the nucleus ? - ✔✔contains genetic material
Function of cell membrane - ✔✔regulates what enters and leaves the cell
function of mitochondria - ✔✔cellular respiration
function of chloroplast - ✔✔Contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for photosyntheis
cell wall function? - ✔✔provides support and protection
function of plasmids in bacteria cell? - ✔✔contains extra genetic material that can help the
bacteria cell survive
What are plant cell walls made of? - ✔✔cellulose
what is a plant cells permanent vacuole filled will? - ✔✔cell sap
give 2 differences between electron microscopes and light microscopes? - ✔✔electron
microscopes have a much higher magnification and a much higher resolution than light
microscopes
what formula is used to calculate magnification of an image? - ✔✔magnification = imagine size
/real size
give a brief method for using a light microscope to look at a prepared slide - ✔✔USING A LIGHT
MICROSCOPE TO LOOK AT A PREPARED SLIDE
1)put the slide on the stage
,2)select the lowest power lens
3)use the coarse adjustment knob to roughly focus the slide
4)use the fine adjustment(FA)knob to clearly focus the slide
5)switch to a higher power lens to increase magnification and refocus with the FA knob
give 3 things to remember when drawing cells observed through a light microscope ? - ✔✔-use
a pencil
-label the main structures
-include the magnification used
what happens when cells differentiate? - ✔✔when cells differentiate they develop different
sub-cellular structures that make them carry out certain functions
how are animal cells different to plant cells in their ability to differentiate? - ✔✔most animal
cells differentiate early in development and can't differentiate again
many plant cells can differentiate whenever they need to
give 3 ways that a sperm cell is specialised to do its job - ✔✔FUNCTION:to get DNA into egg cell
-tail for swimming
-lots of mitochondria to provide energy
-enzymes in head to digest egg cell membrane
give 2 ways that a nerve cell is specialised to do its job - ✔✔FUNCTION:carries messages around
the body at high speed
-fatty sheath speeds up message transport
-long so it can carry messages over a distance
, how is a plant root cell specialised to do its job? - ✔✔FUNCTION:helps a plant absorb water and
minerals from soil.
-a long and thin extension gives a larger surface area for absorption
give 2 ways that muscle cells are specialised to do their jobs? - ✔✔FUNCTION:creates
movement by contracting and relaxing
-long protein strands that can slide over each other ti shorten/lengthen the cell
-lots of mitochondria to generate energy
How are xylem cells specialised? - ✔✔FUNCTION:Xylem cells form tubes that transport ester
and minerals through the plant.
*they're dead cells with holes at either end-water and minerals can just flow right through
them
How are phloem cells specialised? - ✔✔FUNCTION:transport dissolved sugars in a plant.
-few sub cellular structures so sugars flow through easily
-pores in end walls to let sugars through
Where are chromosomes found? - ✔✔nucleus
what are chromosomes made up of? - ✔✔long lengths of DNA
how many chromosomes are there in the total human body? - ✔✔there are 46 in a human
body cell
how many pairs of chromosomes are there in the human body cell? - ✔✔there are 23 pairs of
chromosomes in a human body cell
