LMJ Cardio Endo Detailed Answer Key Graded A

LMJ Cardio Endo Detailed Answer Key Graded A 1. A nurse is assisting an adolescent client in the selection of complementary protein sources on the lunch menu. The client is a vegetarian who eats milk products but does not like beans. Which of the following food items should the nurse recommend? A. Peanut butter and jelly with enriched bread Rationale: The client who does not substitute protein-rich beans for meat protein should select a peanut butter sandwich, which is an excellent source of protein. A peanut butter and jelly sandwich, if prepared on protein-enriched bread, can provide almost 20 g of protein, called a complementary protein. A complementary protein is when two incomplete proteins are the equivalent of a complete protein and provides all the essential amino acids. B. Baked potato with sour cream Rationale: Baked potato with sour cream provides the client with a small amount of protein; however, it is not a complementary protein source. C. Bagel with cream cheese Rationale: A bagel with cream cheese provides the client with one incomplete protein; however, it is not a complementary protein source. D. Fruit salad and carrot sticks Rationale: Fruit salad and carrot sticks contain no protein; therefore, this recommendation is not a complementary protein source. 2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has angina pectoris and a new prescription to apply a nitroglycerin transdermal patch daily at home. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client? A. Fold used patch with medication area to the inside and discard in a closed receptacle. Rationale: It is important to prevent pets, children, and others in the client’s home from coming into contact with the medication on the nitroglycerin patch. Therefore, the client should be instructed to fold the patch in half with the medication area to the inside and to discard the patch in a closed receptacle rather than in an open trash can. B. Put a second patch in place if angina pain occurs. Rationale: Nitroglycerin transdermal patches are designed for prophylaxis of angina pain and are not to be used to stop an existing angina attack. Adding a second patch is not appropriate and could cause adverse effects, such as hypotension. The client should discuss strategies for treating an angina attack with the provider. C. Keep a nitroglycerin patch in place 24 hr per day. Rationale: Since clients can develop tolerance to nitroglycerin, the transdermal patch should be removed after 12 to 14 hr each day, and the client should have 10 to 12 hr of time without a patch during the evening and nighttime hours. D. Shave excess hair from skin before applying a nitroglycerin patch. Rationale: Page 2 The client should be instructed to apply the patch to a different hairless area each day. If it is necessary to apply the patch to an area with hair, the hair should be clipped, not shaved, to avoid irritation to the skin.