US History Unit 3 UPDATED Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Cumberland Road - CORRECT ANSWER - A national road that stretched from Maryland
to Illinois. It was the first national/interstate highway, and it was a milestone for the eventual
connection of all the states by highways, thus increasing trade.
Erie Canal - CORRECT ANSWER - "Clinton's Big Ditch" that transformed transportation
and economic life across the Great Lakes region from Buffalo to Chicago
Clermont Steamboat - CORRECT ANSWER - the world's first vessel to demonstrate the
viability of using steam propulsion for commercial water transportation and changed how good
were transported on waterways.
Railroads - CORRECT ANSWER - Were essential to westward expansion because they
made it easier to travel to and live in the west
Transcontinental Railroad - CORRECT ANSWER - Completed in 1869 at Promontory,
Utah. Linked the east and the west. Revolutionizing transportation in the west
Cotton Gin - CORRECT ANSWER - A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers,
invented by Eli Whitney in 1793
Cotton Gin (impact) - CORRECT ANSWER - *Cotton cleaned 50x faster than by hand
*Led to an explosion of slavery; more slaves needed to pick/plant cotton since it could be
cleaned so fast
mechanization of agriculture - CORRECT ANSWER - In agriculture, the replacement of
human labor with technology or machines.
, putting-out system - CORRECT ANSWER - system of merchant-capitalists "putting out"
raw materials to cottage workers for processing and payment.
Lowell Factory System - CORRECT ANSWER - Labor and production Model: all stages
of textile production done under one roof, boardinghouse system, stringent codes controlling
activities of factory-girls, Lowell Factory Girls; bad living conditions, long unruly hours
Irish Immigrants - CORRECT ANSWER - Came to the U.S. because of the Irish Potato
Famine. Many worked in factories in harsh conditions for little pay
Second Great Awakening - CORRECT ANSWER - A series of religious revivals starting
in 1801, based on Methodism and Baptism. Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through
good deeds and tolerance for all Protestant sects. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and
Native Americans.
Temperance Movement - CORRECT ANSWER - campaign to limit or ban the use of
alcoholic beverages
Educational Reform movement - CORRECT ANSWER - improve public schools and
make education available to more people; led by Horace Mann who believed that public
education was "the great equalizer."
Abolitionist Movement - CORRECT ANSWER - the movement concentrated on ending
slavery in the United States
Prison Reform Movement - CORRECT ANSWER - the attempt to improve conditions
inside prisons, establish a more effective penal system or implement alternatives to incarceration.
Women's Rights Movement - CORRECT ANSWER - The organized effort to improve
political, legal, and economic status of women in American society; it was largely inspired by
women's frustration with their limited participation in government (voting) and the abolitionist
movement
and CORRECT Answers
Cumberland Road - CORRECT ANSWER - A national road that stretched from Maryland
to Illinois. It was the first national/interstate highway, and it was a milestone for the eventual
connection of all the states by highways, thus increasing trade.
Erie Canal - CORRECT ANSWER - "Clinton's Big Ditch" that transformed transportation
and economic life across the Great Lakes region from Buffalo to Chicago
Clermont Steamboat - CORRECT ANSWER - the world's first vessel to demonstrate the
viability of using steam propulsion for commercial water transportation and changed how good
were transported on waterways.
Railroads - CORRECT ANSWER - Were essential to westward expansion because they
made it easier to travel to and live in the west
Transcontinental Railroad - CORRECT ANSWER - Completed in 1869 at Promontory,
Utah. Linked the east and the west. Revolutionizing transportation in the west
Cotton Gin - CORRECT ANSWER - A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers,
invented by Eli Whitney in 1793
Cotton Gin (impact) - CORRECT ANSWER - *Cotton cleaned 50x faster than by hand
*Led to an explosion of slavery; more slaves needed to pick/plant cotton since it could be
cleaned so fast
mechanization of agriculture - CORRECT ANSWER - In agriculture, the replacement of
human labor with technology or machines.
, putting-out system - CORRECT ANSWER - system of merchant-capitalists "putting out"
raw materials to cottage workers for processing and payment.
Lowell Factory System - CORRECT ANSWER - Labor and production Model: all stages
of textile production done under one roof, boardinghouse system, stringent codes controlling
activities of factory-girls, Lowell Factory Girls; bad living conditions, long unruly hours
Irish Immigrants - CORRECT ANSWER - Came to the U.S. because of the Irish Potato
Famine. Many worked in factories in harsh conditions for little pay
Second Great Awakening - CORRECT ANSWER - A series of religious revivals starting
in 1801, based on Methodism and Baptism. Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through
good deeds and tolerance for all Protestant sects. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and
Native Americans.
Temperance Movement - CORRECT ANSWER - campaign to limit or ban the use of
alcoholic beverages
Educational Reform movement - CORRECT ANSWER - improve public schools and
make education available to more people; led by Horace Mann who believed that public
education was "the great equalizer."
Abolitionist Movement - CORRECT ANSWER - the movement concentrated on ending
slavery in the United States
Prison Reform Movement - CORRECT ANSWER - the attempt to improve conditions
inside prisons, establish a more effective penal system or implement alternatives to incarceration.
Women's Rights Movement - CORRECT ANSWER - The organized effort to improve
political, legal, and economic status of women in American society; it was largely inspired by
women's frustration with their limited participation in government (voting) and the abolitionist
movement
