Psychology As a science Test
Questions All Solved Correct.
What is psychology? - Answer Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior. We
include science in our definition because we use the scientific method, which is the best way for
scientists to ask questions and test explanations to arrive at new knowledge.
The word psychology comes from the Greek words - Answer psyche, meaning "life," and logos,
meaning "explanation."
Psychology is a popular major for students, a popular topic in the public media, and a part of
our everyday lives. - Answer Because Television shows such as Dr. Phil feature psychologists
who provide personal advice to those with personal or family difficulties. Crime dramas such as
CSI, Lie to Me, and others feature the work of forensic psychologists who use psychological
principles to help solve crimes.
Many people have direct knowledge about psychology - Answer because they have visited
psychologists, for instance, school counselors, family therapists, and religious, marriage, or
bereavement counselors.
Most psychologists work in - Answer research laboratories, hospitals, and other field settings
where they study the behavior of humans and animals. For instance, university researchers may
study such diverse topics as anxiety in children, the interpretation of dreams, the effects of
caffeine on thinking, how birds recognize each other, how praying mantises hear, how people
from different cultures react differently in negotiation, and the factors that lead people to
engage in terrorism. Other topics of study include alcohol and drug addiction; memory;
emotion; hypnosis; love; what makes people aggressive or helpful; and the psychologies of
politics, prejudice, culture, and religion. Psychologists also work in schools and businesses, and
they use a variety of methods, including observation, questionnaires, interviews, and laboratory
studies, to help them understand behavior.
why using our intuition about everyday behavior is insufficient for a complete understanding of
the causes of behavior. - Answer The problem, however, with the way people collect and
interpret data in their everyday lives is that they are not always particularly thorough. Often,
when one explanation for an event seems right, we adopt that explanation as the truth even
when other explanations are possible and potentially more accurate. For example, eyewitnesses
to violent crimes are often extremely confident in their identifications of the perpetrators of
these crimes. But research finds that eyewitnesses are no less confident in their identifications
when they are incorrect than when they are correct (Cutler & Wells, 2009; Wells & Hasel, 2008).
, events without testing them thoroughly may lead us to think that we know the causes of things
when we really do not.
the difference between values and facts and explain how the scientific method is used to
differentiate between the two. - Answer Although scientific research is an important method
of studying human behavior, not all questions can be answered using scientific approaches.
Statements that cannot be objectively measured or objectively determined to be true or false
are not within the domain of scientific inquiry. Scientists therefore draw a distinction between
values and facts. Values are personal statements such as "Abortion should not be permitted in
this country," "I will go to heaven when I die," or "It is important to study psychology." Facts are
objective statements determined to be accurate through empirical study. Examples are "There
were more than 21,000 homicides in the United States in 2009," or "Research demonstrates
that individuals who are exposed to highly stressful situations over long periods of time develop
more health problems than those who are not."
Despite the differences in their interests, areas of study, and approaches, all psychologists have
one thing in common: - Answer They rely on scientific methods. Research psychologists use
scientific methods to create new knowledge about the causes of behavior, whereas
psychologist-practitioners, such as clinical, counseling, industrial-organizational, and school
psychologists, use existing research to enhance the everyday life of others. The science of
psychology is important for both researchers and practitioners.
In a sense all humans are scientists. - Answer We all have an interest in asking and answering
questions about our world. We want to know why things happen, when and if they are likely to
happen again, and how to reproduce or change them. Such knowledge enables us to predict our
own behavior and that of others. We may even collect data (information collected through
formal observation or measurement) to aid us in this undertaking. It has been argued that
people are "everyday scientists" who conduct research projects to answer questions about
behavior (Nisbett & Ross, 1980). When we perform poorly on an important test, we try to
understand what caused our failure to remember or understand the material and what might
help us do better the next time. When our good friends Monisha and Charlie break up, despite
the fact that they appeared to have a relationship made in heaven, we try to determine what
happened. When we contemplate the rise of terrorist acts around the world, we try to
investigate the causes of this problem by looking at the terrorists themselves, the situation
around them, and others' responses to them.
The results of these everyday research projects can teach us many principles of human
behavior. - Answer Because we learn through experience that if we give someone bad news,
he or she may blame us even though the news was not our fault. We learn that people may
become depressed after they fail at an important task. We see that aggressive behavior occurs
frequently in our society, and we develop theories to explain why this is so. These insights are
part of everyday social life. In fact, much research in psychology involves the scientific study of
Questions All Solved Correct.
What is psychology? - Answer Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior. We
include science in our definition because we use the scientific method, which is the best way for
scientists to ask questions and test explanations to arrive at new knowledge.
The word psychology comes from the Greek words - Answer psyche, meaning "life," and logos,
meaning "explanation."
Psychology is a popular major for students, a popular topic in the public media, and a part of
our everyday lives. - Answer Because Television shows such as Dr. Phil feature psychologists
who provide personal advice to those with personal or family difficulties. Crime dramas such as
CSI, Lie to Me, and others feature the work of forensic psychologists who use psychological
principles to help solve crimes.
Many people have direct knowledge about psychology - Answer because they have visited
psychologists, for instance, school counselors, family therapists, and religious, marriage, or
bereavement counselors.
Most psychologists work in - Answer research laboratories, hospitals, and other field settings
where they study the behavior of humans and animals. For instance, university researchers may
study such diverse topics as anxiety in children, the interpretation of dreams, the effects of
caffeine on thinking, how birds recognize each other, how praying mantises hear, how people
from different cultures react differently in negotiation, and the factors that lead people to
engage in terrorism. Other topics of study include alcohol and drug addiction; memory;
emotion; hypnosis; love; what makes people aggressive or helpful; and the psychologies of
politics, prejudice, culture, and religion. Psychologists also work in schools and businesses, and
they use a variety of methods, including observation, questionnaires, interviews, and laboratory
studies, to help them understand behavior.
why using our intuition about everyday behavior is insufficient for a complete understanding of
the causes of behavior. - Answer The problem, however, with the way people collect and
interpret data in their everyday lives is that they are not always particularly thorough. Often,
when one explanation for an event seems right, we adopt that explanation as the truth even
when other explanations are possible and potentially more accurate. For example, eyewitnesses
to violent crimes are often extremely confident in their identifications of the perpetrators of
these crimes. But research finds that eyewitnesses are no less confident in their identifications
when they are incorrect than when they are correct (Cutler & Wells, 2009; Wells & Hasel, 2008).
, events without testing them thoroughly may lead us to think that we know the causes of things
when we really do not.
the difference between values and facts and explain how the scientific method is used to
differentiate between the two. - Answer Although scientific research is an important method
of studying human behavior, not all questions can be answered using scientific approaches.
Statements that cannot be objectively measured or objectively determined to be true or false
are not within the domain of scientific inquiry. Scientists therefore draw a distinction between
values and facts. Values are personal statements such as "Abortion should not be permitted in
this country," "I will go to heaven when I die," or "It is important to study psychology." Facts are
objective statements determined to be accurate through empirical study. Examples are "There
were more than 21,000 homicides in the United States in 2009," or "Research demonstrates
that individuals who are exposed to highly stressful situations over long periods of time develop
more health problems than those who are not."
Despite the differences in their interests, areas of study, and approaches, all psychologists have
one thing in common: - Answer They rely on scientific methods. Research psychologists use
scientific methods to create new knowledge about the causes of behavior, whereas
psychologist-practitioners, such as clinical, counseling, industrial-organizational, and school
psychologists, use existing research to enhance the everyday life of others. The science of
psychology is important for both researchers and practitioners.
In a sense all humans are scientists. - Answer We all have an interest in asking and answering
questions about our world. We want to know why things happen, when and if they are likely to
happen again, and how to reproduce or change them. Such knowledge enables us to predict our
own behavior and that of others. We may even collect data (information collected through
formal observation or measurement) to aid us in this undertaking. It has been argued that
people are "everyday scientists" who conduct research projects to answer questions about
behavior (Nisbett & Ross, 1980). When we perform poorly on an important test, we try to
understand what caused our failure to remember or understand the material and what might
help us do better the next time. When our good friends Monisha and Charlie break up, despite
the fact that they appeared to have a relationship made in heaven, we try to determine what
happened. When we contemplate the rise of terrorist acts around the world, we try to
investigate the causes of this problem by looking at the terrorists themselves, the situation
around them, and others' responses to them.
The results of these everyday research projects can teach us many principles of human
behavior. - Answer Because we learn through experience that if we give someone bad news,
he or she may blame us even though the news was not our fault. We learn that people may
become depressed after they fail at an important task. We see that aggressive behavior occurs
frequently in our society, and we develop theories to explain why this is so. These insights are
part of everyday social life. In fact, much research in psychology involves the scientific study of
