AMNH GENETIC AND GENOMIC IN NURSING EXAM

AMNH AMNH GENETIC AND GENOMIC IN NURSING EXAM Why do genetic counseling programs include extensive courses on laboratory methods in genetics - -To help patients understand testing procedures and results What is the heritability estimate for schizophrenia in the general populations - -80% Caucasian take more warfarin than asia - -Many Asian do not breath down warfarin as fast as caucasians, so the drug is more effective at lower dosages What type of genetic test process information about as a symptomatic person's risk for having a child with a specific autosomal recessive disorder in the future - -Carrier test What variable in a person with CAD increase the likelihood of a strong influence in its expression - -the problems is severe before age 50 An adult daughter whose mother gas bipolar disease because she engages in all of the following behaviors. Which behavior should be explored further as a manifestation of bipolar disease - -Making frequent purchases of expensive clothing that she never wears A woman whose sister tested + for a specific mutation in the BRCA1 gene, which increases the risk of breath and ovarian cancer, is found not th have mutation but does have a mutation of unknown significance near the known mutation site. How should this woman be counseled? - -She should be informed that she does not have the specific mutation but that because another mutation is present she should be vigilant about screening. What should be told to the pt who have been found to have genetic mutation that increase the risk of colon cancer and says he does not want any of his family to know about their result - -It is not required that you tell anyone about this Renault, However because your sibling and children may also be at risk for common cancer, you should think about how this information might help them Why is pharmacokinetics of particular interest in treating pt with psychiatric health problems - -Psychiatric meds may be effective in only a small group of Pts. A pt with a very high concentration of insulin receptors on cells that require insulin for glucose to enter. How should insulin dosages be adjusted for this patient to have blood glucose levels with the normal range - -Insulin dosages should be decreased because the drug will exert its action at lower concentrations AMNH AMNH Why are general physician and surgeons NOT considered to be genetics professionals - -The focus on their professional education is the study of Medicine rather than genetics Which type of body tissue have the highest risk for cancer development - -Any tissue that retains the ability to divide Under which condition would genetic testing for predisposition to an inherited disorder in a miner be considered reasonable - -When the risk is high and prophylaxis to reduce disorder severity is available. Which statement about cancer is true - -Cancer cells arise from normal cells Which type of genetic testing is the more sensitive method for detecting any mutation in a specific gene - -Direct DNA sequencing Which normal cell characteristic is represented by the production of insulin in the beta cells of the pancreas - -Performance of a differentiated function How do genetic issues influence individual variation of the response to a specific drug - -Polymorphism of genes encoding metabolizing enzymes Which condition suggests attention ADHD - -9 yr old does not focuse on a favorite story for longer than 3 min Gene-to-gene interaction in which that action of one gene modified the expression of a different gene - -Epistasis Pt states that the origin of most cancer is genetic. What is the best response - -Cancers arise in cells that have alteration in the genes Woman as 3 aunts with breast cancer. Which genetic professional would be most appropriate for assistance in helping her understand the health risk - -Genetic counsler Fact about schizophrenia - -Copy number variants appear to play the most important role in genetic risk for schizophrenia In which body or cell area are most genes in the humans located - -Nucleus Best description of the genetic contribution to onset of autism - -Known causes of autism spectrum include copy number variants and chromosomal problems Heritability estimate for addiction to alcohol in bot males and females - -50-60% Which action reflects promoting of genomic care as part of comprehension health care - -Ensuring that genomic issues potentially influencing a person health are incorporated into routing care AMNH AMNH Lethal cardiac arrhythmia with long QT - -Torsade de Pointes How do genetic counselors provide emetic information to pts and families in a no directive manner - -Presenting all facts and available options in a manner that neither promotes nor excludes any legally permitted decision or action What is the most accurate classification of the common forms of CAD and HTN - Complex disorders resulting from gene environment interactions Juliet tells a nurse that she has 3 aunts who were diagnosed with great cancer. She asks if she should have genetic testing. - -Your family history may indicate an increased risk for breath cancer and a genetic counselor could help determine whether you could benefit from genetic testing An 85 yr old pt stress that she does not perform breast self-exam because there is not history of breast cancer in her family. What is the best response. - -Breast cancer can be found more frequently in some families however the risk for general non-familiar breast cancer increases with age. Your pt Maggie insist that her mother have genetic testing to determine if her breast cancer is connected to a mutation in the BRCA1/2 genes. Maggie is concerned about her own risk for getting breast cancer and that of her children, but Maggie's mom does not want to be tested. What ethical principle is on of several that must be considered in evaluation this case - -Maggie's mother right to pricaxy How are malignant rumors different from benign tumors - -Benign tumors have totally normal features, and malignant tumors have totally abnormal features Which condition provided the greatest support for a strong genetic contribution to autism spectrum disorder - -Concordance among dizygotic twins is 10 % What statement regarding behavioral genetic is accurate - -A genetic predisposition toward a specific behavior can be modified by altering environment influence What is the result of mutation occurring in a suppressor gene - -Loss of an existing function What would be the expected response to a skin injury if the involved tissue has lost the normal cell characteristic of contact inhibition - -Excessive growth fof replacement tissue Pts response to normal drug dose that because of a genetic variation in an enzyme that prepares the drug for elimination results in a blood drug level that is below the minimum effective concentration - -The intended response fails to be produced Which statement AFib is true - -A variety of different genes contribute to its expession AMNH AMNH what is the genetic contributing to the development of the most common forms of atherosclerosis - -Variation in a verity of genes each exertion a small effect A pt with fox elbow in ER states that he named MS for pain rather than codiene because the last time he had a painful injury codeine was not effective in managing he's pain. What is the nurse's best response - -Communicate this information to the admitting physician What is the relationship among genes, DNA and proteins - -A gene is a section of DNA that provided the directions for synthesizing a specific protein For pt who have familial hypercholestrolemia,what should be the focus of teaching for blood cholesterol reduction - -Taking the lipid-lowering drug as prescribed Sometimes health-care providers with information about family members' genetic risk are confronted by conflicting ethical principles. Which principle is LEAST likely to conflict with the health-care providers' "duty to Warn"? - -Genetic discrimination A certified family nurse practitioner with an MSN degree in family practice who works in a clinic serving patients who have connective tissue disorders refers to himself as a clinical geneticist. is this title appropriate - -No, a clinical geneticist is a physician who have completed a fellowship in clinical genetics How do genetic counselors provide genetic information to pt and families in a nondirective manner - -Presenting all fact as and available options in a manner that neither promotes nor excludes an legally permitted decision or action A 40 yr old man has a mom dx with breats CA at age 45, a dad dx smoking related lung CA at age 55, 33 yr old sister with breast CA and 38 yr old sister with ovarian cancer, ask if he should be concerned for his cancer risk. What is the best response - -Your risk for breast CA may be increased and required nor investigation, however, your risk for lung cancer is not affected by this history Julia age 32 is BRCA1 +, which is known to greatly increase the risk for breast and ovarian CA. She was tested because her mom who had ovarian CA was BRCA1 + . Julia has decided to have both her ovaries removed because she believes that in her family, being BRCA1+ increases the risk for ovarian CA only. How should a genetic counselor respond - -Clarify that a BRCA1 mutation does not preferentially express ovarian CA over breast CAin any given family What statement regardignn general cancer development is true - -The risk for CA development increase with age Why is determining the genetic contribution important to assess in stroke pt - -Stroke calcification and phenotype remain heterogeneous AMNH What tissue is most likely to provide an adequate DNA sample for genetic testing - Nasal epithelial cells A pt whose mom has huntington's disease is considering genetic testing but is not sure whether she really wants to know if she has the mutation. She asks you why you would do if your mom had the disease - -I can only tell you the benefits and the risk of testing, you must make this decision yourself Why are people who have poor DNA repair mechanism at greater risk for CA development - -Their somatic mutations are more likely to be permanent Which statement best describes the role of tumor suppressor genes in CA development - -Tumor suppressor genes control or modify the activity of oncogenes, reducing the risk for CA development A pt 34 yrs old is concerned about being HNPCC carrier, cause his dad died of colon CA at age 39, his dad sister died of colon CA at age 41, and brother age 37 now has colon cancer. the brother's testing is negative for all the known mutation associated with inherited forms of colon cancer. How should the pt be counseled another his risk of colon CA - -Explain that testing for him would e of no benefits becau