TNCC Ch 3- Initial assessment Exam
with Questions and Correct Answers
2025
Initial ,Assessment ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Process ,divided ,into ,these ,process
,points: ,
Prep ,and ,triage
Primary ,survey ,(ABCDE) ,with ,interventions ,as ,required ,(FG)
Reevaluation ,(considering ,if ,there ,is ,need ,for ,higher ,level ,care) ,
Secondary ,survey ,(HI)with ,corresponding ,interventions. ,
Reevaluation ,and ,post ,resuscitation ,care ,(J)
Definitive ,care ,or ,transfer ,to ,appropriate ,trauma ,center
A-J ,pneumonic ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A: ,Across ,room ,assessment ,for
,uncontrolled ,hemorrhage. ,Airway, ,alertness ,with ,simultaneous ,cervical ,spine
,stabilization. ,
B: ,Breathing ,and ,ventilation ,
C: ,Circulation ,and ,control ,of ,hemorrhage. ,
D: ,Disability ,(neuro ,status)
E: ,Exposure ,and ,environmental ,control.
F: ,Full ,set ,of ,vitals ,and ,family ,presence. ,
G: ,Get ,monitoring ,devices ,and ,give ,comfort ,(using ,pneumonic ,LMNOP)
L: ,Lab ,studies ,including ,ABGs ,and ,serum ,lactate ,and ,type ,and ,cross. ,
M: ,Monitor ,for ,continuous ,cardiac ,rhythm ,and ,rate ,assessment. ,
N: ,Nasogastric ,or ,orogastric ,tube ,consideration. ,
O: ,Oxygenation ,and ,ventilation ,analysis: ,consider ,weaning ,O2 ,based ,on ,pulse
,ox ,and ,end ,tidal ,CO2 ,or ,capnography ,for ,tubed ,PT ,or ,sedated ,PT. ,
P: ,pain ,assessment ,and ,management. ,
,H: ,History ,and ,head ,to ,toe ,assessment ,
I: ,Inspect ,posterior ,surfaces
J: ,Just ,keep ,reevaluating ,ABCDEFGH ,and ,I.
Guidelines ,for ,field ,triage ,of ,injured ,PT ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Measure ,vital
,signs ,and ,LOC
↓
Step ,1:
, GCS: ,≤13
Systolic ,BP: ,>90mmHG
RR: ,< ,10 ,or ,>29 ,breaths ,per ,min ,(<20 ,in ,infants ,less ,than ,1 ,yr ,old) ,or ,need ,for
,ventilation ,support.
Yes→ ,Transport ,to ,trauma ,center- ,Steps ,1 ,and ,2 ,attempt ,to ,identify ,the ,most
,seriously ,injured ,PT. ,Highest ,level ,of ,care.
No→ ,assess ,anatomy ,of ,injury
↓
Step ,2:
All ,penetrating ,injuries ,to ,head, ,neck, ,torso, ,and ,extremities ,proximal ,to ,elbow
,or ,knee.
Chest ,wall ,instability ,or ,deformity ,(flail ,chest)
Two ,or ,more ,proximal ,long ,bone ,fractures
Crushed, ,degloved, ,mangled ,or ,pulseless ,extremity
Amputation ,proximal ,to ,wrist ,or ,ankle
Pelvic ,fractures
Open ,or ,depressed ,skull ,fracture
Paralysis
Yes→ ,Transport ,to ,trauma ,center- ,Steps ,1 ,and ,2 ,attempt ,to ,identify ,the ,most
,seriously ,injured ,PT. ,Highest ,level ,of ,care
No→ ,assess ,mech ,of ,injury ,and ,evidence ,of ,high ,energy ,impact.
↓
Step ,3:
Falls:
Adults ,> ,20 ,feet ,(1 ,story ,=10 ,feet)
Children ,> ,10 ,feet ,or ,two ,or ,three ,times ,the ,height ,of ,child.
High ,risk ,auto ,crash:
Intrusion ,including ,roof ,:> ,12in ,occupant ,site; ,> ,18 ,in ,any ,site
Ejection ,partial ,or ,complete ,from ,vehicle
Death ,in ,same ,passenger ,compartment
Vehicle ,telemetry ,data ,consistent ,with ,a ,high ,risk ,of ,injury
Auto ,Vs ,Pedestrian/bicyclist ,thrown, ,run ,over ,or ,with ,significant ,impact ,(>20
,MPH)
Motorcycle ,crash ,(>20 ,MPH)
Yes→ ,Transport ,to ,trauma ,center ,does ,not ,need ,to ,be ,highest ,level ,of ,care.
No→ ,assess ,special ,PT ,or ,system ,considerations.
Step ,4:
Older ,adults:
Risk ,of ,injury/death ,increased ,after ,age ,of ,55
SBP: ,< ,110 ,might ,represent ,shock ,after ,55 ,years
Low ,impact ,mech ,(ground ,level ,falls) ,may ,result ,in ,severe ,injury.
Children:
Should ,be ,triaged ,preferentially ,to ,peds ,capable ,trauma ,centers.
Anticoagulation ,and ,bleeding ,disorders:
PT ,with ,head ,injury ,are ,at ,risk ,for ,rapid ,deterioration
Burns:
with Questions and Correct Answers
2025
Initial ,Assessment ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Process ,divided ,into ,these ,process
,points: ,
Prep ,and ,triage
Primary ,survey ,(ABCDE) ,with ,interventions ,as ,required ,(FG)
Reevaluation ,(considering ,if ,there ,is ,need ,for ,higher ,level ,care) ,
Secondary ,survey ,(HI)with ,corresponding ,interventions. ,
Reevaluation ,and ,post ,resuscitation ,care ,(J)
Definitive ,care ,or ,transfer ,to ,appropriate ,trauma ,center
A-J ,pneumonic ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A: ,Across ,room ,assessment ,for
,uncontrolled ,hemorrhage. ,Airway, ,alertness ,with ,simultaneous ,cervical ,spine
,stabilization. ,
B: ,Breathing ,and ,ventilation ,
C: ,Circulation ,and ,control ,of ,hemorrhage. ,
D: ,Disability ,(neuro ,status)
E: ,Exposure ,and ,environmental ,control.
F: ,Full ,set ,of ,vitals ,and ,family ,presence. ,
G: ,Get ,monitoring ,devices ,and ,give ,comfort ,(using ,pneumonic ,LMNOP)
L: ,Lab ,studies ,including ,ABGs ,and ,serum ,lactate ,and ,type ,and ,cross. ,
M: ,Monitor ,for ,continuous ,cardiac ,rhythm ,and ,rate ,assessment. ,
N: ,Nasogastric ,or ,orogastric ,tube ,consideration. ,
O: ,Oxygenation ,and ,ventilation ,analysis: ,consider ,weaning ,O2 ,based ,on ,pulse
,ox ,and ,end ,tidal ,CO2 ,or ,capnography ,for ,tubed ,PT ,or ,sedated ,PT. ,
P: ,pain ,assessment ,and ,management. ,
,H: ,History ,and ,head ,to ,toe ,assessment ,
I: ,Inspect ,posterior ,surfaces
J: ,Just ,keep ,reevaluating ,ABCDEFGH ,and ,I.
Guidelines ,for ,field ,triage ,of ,injured ,PT ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Measure ,vital
,signs ,and ,LOC
↓
Step ,1:
, GCS: ,≤13
Systolic ,BP: ,>90mmHG
RR: ,< ,10 ,or ,>29 ,breaths ,per ,min ,(<20 ,in ,infants ,less ,than ,1 ,yr ,old) ,or ,need ,for
,ventilation ,support.
Yes→ ,Transport ,to ,trauma ,center- ,Steps ,1 ,and ,2 ,attempt ,to ,identify ,the ,most
,seriously ,injured ,PT. ,Highest ,level ,of ,care.
No→ ,assess ,anatomy ,of ,injury
↓
Step ,2:
All ,penetrating ,injuries ,to ,head, ,neck, ,torso, ,and ,extremities ,proximal ,to ,elbow
,or ,knee.
Chest ,wall ,instability ,or ,deformity ,(flail ,chest)
Two ,or ,more ,proximal ,long ,bone ,fractures
Crushed, ,degloved, ,mangled ,or ,pulseless ,extremity
Amputation ,proximal ,to ,wrist ,or ,ankle
Pelvic ,fractures
Open ,or ,depressed ,skull ,fracture
Paralysis
Yes→ ,Transport ,to ,trauma ,center- ,Steps ,1 ,and ,2 ,attempt ,to ,identify ,the ,most
,seriously ,injured ,PT. ,Highest ,level ,of ,care
No→ ,assess ,mech ,of ,injury ,and ,evidence ,of ,high ,energy ,impact.
↓
Step ,3:
Falls:
Adults ,> ,20 ,feet ,(1 ,story ,=10 ,feet)
Children ,> ,10 ,feet ,or ,two ,or ,three ,times ,the ,height ,of ,child.
High ,risk ,auto ,crash:
Intrusion ,including ,roof ,:> ,12in ,occupant ,site; ,> ,18 ,in ,any ,site
Ejection ,partial ,or ,complete ,from ,vehicle
Death ,in ,same ,passenger ,compartment
Vehicle ,telemetry ,data ,consistent ,with ,a ,high ,risk ,of ,injury
Auto ,Vs ,Pedestrian/bicyclist ,thrown, ,run ,over ,or ,with ,significant ,impact ,(>20
,MPH)
Motorcycle ,crash ,(>20 ,MPH)
Yes→ ,Transport ,to ,trauma ,center ,does ,not ,need ,to ,be ,highest ,level ,of ,care.
No→ ,assess ,special ,PT ,or ,system ,considerations.
Step ,4:
Older ,adults:
Risk ,of ,injury/death ,increased ,after ,age ,of ,55
SBP: ,< ,110 ,might ,represent ,shock ,after ,55 ,years
Low ,impact ,mech ,(ground ,level ,falls) ,may ,result ,in ,severe ,injury.
Children:
Should ,be ,triaged ,preferentially ,to ,peds ,capable ,trauma ,centers.
Anticoagulation ,and ,bleeding ,disorders:
PT ,with ,head ,injury ,are ,at ,risk ,for ,rapid ,deterioration
Burns:
