NSG 322 Final Exam: NSG 322 Final Exam Study Guide: Question & Answers: Guaranteed A+ Guide Solution

What are the most therapeutic characteristics for a nurse working with a client beginning treatment for alcohol addiction to present? a. Empathetic, supportive b. Skeptical, guarded c. Cool, distant d. Confrontational (Ansa. Support and empathy assist the client to feel safe enough to start looking at problems. Counseling during the early stage of treatment needs to be direct, open, and honest. The other approaches will increase client anxiety and cause the client to cling to defenses. Which features should be present in a therapeutic milieu for a client experiencing a hallucinogen overdose? a. Simple and safe b. Active and bright c. Stimulating and colorful d. Confrontational and challenging (Ans- A Because the individual who has ingested a hallucinogen is probably experiencing feelings of unreality and altered sensory perceptions, thebest environment is one that does not add to the stimulation. A simple, safe environment is a better choice than an environment with any of the characteristics listed in the other options. The other options would contribute to a "bad trip." When a client first began using alcohol, two drinks produced relaxation and drowsiness. After 1 year, four drinks are needed to achieve the same response. Why has this change occurred? a. Tolerance has developed. b. Antagonistic effects are evident. c. Metabolism of the alcohol is now delayed. d. Pharmacokinetics of the alcohol have changed. (Ans- A Tolerance refers to needing higher and higher doses of a drug to produce the desired effect. The potency of the alcohol is stable. Neither hypomagnesemia nor antagonistic effects account for this change. At a meeting for family members of alcoholics, a spouse says, "I did everything I could to help. I even requested sick leave when my partner was too drunk to go to work." The nurse assesses these comments as what? a. codependence. b. assertiveness. c. role reversal.d. homeostasis. (Ans- A Codependence refers to participating in behaviors that maintain the addiction or allow it to continue without holding the user accountable for his or her actions. The other options are not supported by information given in the scenario. In the emergency department, a client's vital signs are BP 66/40 mm Hg; pulse 140 beats/minute; respirations 8 breaths/minute and shallow. The nursing diagnosis is Ineffective breathing pattern related to depression of respiratory center secondary to opioid intoxication. What is the priority outcome? a. The client will demonstrate effective coping skills and identify community resources for treatment of substance abuse within 1 week of hospitalization. b. Within 4 hours, vital signs will stabilize, with BP above 90/60 mm Hg, pulse less than 100 beats/minute, and respirations at or above 12 breaths/minute. c. The client will correctly describe a plan for home care and achieving a drug-free state before release from the emergency department. d. Within 6 hours, the client's breath sounds will be clear bilaterally and throughout lung fields. (Ans- B The correct short-term outcome is the only one that relates to the client's physical condition. It is expected that vital signs will return to