WGU D265: CRITICAL
THINKING - REASON AND
EVIDENCE
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,Questions
Question 1
Two politicians are engaged in a debate about healthcare. The first politician claims that human beings have a right to access
healthcare. The second politician responds that this claim is unclear. He asks, "What do you mean by 'right' and 'access'?" The first
politician responds by claiming that voters support accessible healthcare.
Which fallacy is the first politician committing?
- The false dilemma fallacy
- The red herring fallacy
- The equivocation fallacy
- The ad hominem fallacy
Correct Answer
the red herring fallacy
Question 2
A military veteran is engaged in a heated debate about national security with a reporter who has never served in the military.
Which response best enables the veteran to undermine the reporter's argument?
- Pointing out that the premise of the reporter's argument is flawed
- Pointing out the reporter's well-known reputation for taking faulty positions
- Pointing out the reporter's affiliation with news networks that are known to have a political slant to their coverage
- Pointing out that the reporter has never served in the military
Correct Answer
Pointing out that the premise of the reporter's argument is flawed
Question 3
Which of the following is most likely to be most impacted by cognitive bias?
- A social media post from a nonexpert concerning a controversial topic
- A peer-reviewed academic journal
- A newspaper article about a recent baseball game
- A history textbook written by a reputable historian
Correct Answer
social media post from a nonexpert concerning a controversial topic
,Question 4
Which argument would require a conjoint, hidden assumption to be paired with premise (1) when mapped?- (1) We can either eat
out at a restaurant or stay in. (2) We should not stay in. (3) So we should go out to a restaurant.- (1) If it had rained last night, the
sidewalk would still be wet. (2) But the sidewalk is dry. (3) So it must not have rained last night.- (1) Out of all the movies we
could watch tonight, Movie A is the funniest. (2) Therefore, we should watch Movie A.- (1) If we want to support a reasonable tax
plan, we should vote for Candidate A. (2) We do want to support a reasonable tax plan. (3) So we should vote for Candidate A.
Correct Answer
(1) Out of all the movies we could watch tonight, Movie A is the funniest. (2) Therefore, we should watch Movie A.
Question 5
Consider the following argument: Smith inspected 990 jellybeans in the jar. Each of the beans Smith inspected is red. Therefore,
all 1000 of the beans in the jar are red.
Which kind of argument is this?
- A strong argument
- Deductive argument
- A weak argument
- A valid argument
Correct Answer
a strong argument
Question 6
A fallacy of logic in which a person's character or motive is attacked instead of the person's argument
Correct Answer
Ad Hominem fallacy
, Question 7
Since I received high marks in the course, I conclude that Professor Murdock is a good teacher. What is the unstated assumption in
this argument?
- Students like and respect Mrs. Murdock.
- Mrs. Murdock's class is lacking in educational rigor.
- Students who do homework and study for exams get good grades.
- A teacher is good if the teacher gives good grades.
Correct Answer
A teacher is good if the teacher gives good grades.
Question 8
Which sentences are arguments? Choose 2 answers
- We know the student cheated on the exam because the instructor caught the student stealing glances at their neighbor's test.
- The student only cheated on the exam because their financial aid depended on it.
- No one has ever been to the moon, so we do not know that it is not made of cheese.
- If you suspect you have been infected with rabies, then you should contact a medical professional immediately.
Correct Answer
We know the student cheated on the exam because the instructor caught the student stealing glances at their neighbor's test;
no one has ever been to the moon, so we do not know that it is not made of cheese.
Question 9
Suppose Jones believes that every morning that he steps out of his house with his right foot first, he will have a good day. Jones
believes this because last Tuesday morning he stepped out of his house with his right foot first. Later in the day, he received a raise
at work, his friends took him to lunch, and he won $500 in the lottery.Which fallacy did Jones commit
Correct Answer
post hoc ergo propter hoc