Pediatric Nursing Exam 1 Practice Review Questions & Answers.

Pediatric Nursing Exam 1 Practice Review Questions & Answers. 1. The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the ANS: A parents in the clinic for the first time. Which The first thing that nurses must do is to should the nurse do first? a. Introduce him- or herself. b. Make the family comfortable. c. Give assurance of privacy. d. Explain the purpose of the interview. 2. Which is considered a block to effective communication? a. Using silence b. Using clichés c. Directing the focus d. Defining the problem introduce themselves to the patient and family. Parents and other adults should be addressed with appropriate titles unless they specify a preferred name. Clarification of the purpose of the interview and the nurse's role is the second thing that should be done. During the initial part of the in- terview, the nurse should include general conversation to help make the family feel at ease. The interview also should take place in an environment as free of distraction as possible. In addition, the nurse should clarify which information will be shared with other members of the health care team and any limits to the confidentiality. ANS: B Using stereotyped comments or clichés can block ettective communication. After the nurse uses such trite phrases, parents often do not respond. Silence can be an ettective interviewing tool. Silence permits the interviewee to sort out thoughts and feelings and search for responses to ques- tions. To be ettective, the nurse must be able to direct the focus of the interview while allowing maximum freedom of ex- pression. By using open-ended questions and guiding questions, the nurse can ob- tain the necessary information and main- 3. Which is the single most important factor tain a relationship with the family. The nurse and parent must collaborate and de- fine the problem that will be the focus of the nursing intervention. ANS: C to consider when communicating with chil- The nurse must be aware of the child's dren? a. Presence of the child's parent b. Child's physical condition c. Child's developmental level d. Child's nonverbal behaviors 4. Because children younger than 5 years are egocentric, the nurse should do which when communicating with them? a. Focus communication on the child. b. Use easy analogies when possible. c. Explain experiences of others to the child. d. Assure the child that communication is private developmental stage to engage in ettec- tive communication. The use of both ver- bal and nonverbal communication should be appropriate to the developmental lev- el. Nonverbal behaviors vary in importance based on the child's developmental level and physical condition. Although the child's physical condition is a consideration, de- velopmental level is much more important. The presence of parents is important when communicating with young children but may be detrimental when speaking with adolescents. ANS: A Because children of this age are able to see things only in terms of themselves, the best approach is to focus communica- tion directly on them. Children should be provided with information about what they can do and how they will feel. With chil- dren who are egocentric, analogies, expe- riences, and assurances that communica- tion is private will not be ettective because the child is not capable of understanding. 5. The nurse's approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid should be based on which principle?a. The child may think the equip- ment is alive. b. Explaining the equipment will only in- crease the child's fear. c. One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the child's fear. d. The child is too young to understand what the equipment does. 6. When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important? a. Focus the discussion on the peer group. b. Allow an opportunity to express feel- ings. c. Use the same type of language as the adolescent. d. Emphasize that confidentiality will al- ways be maintained. 7. The nurse is preparing to assess a 10-month-old infant. He is sitting on his father's lap and appears to be afraid of the nurse and of what might happen next. ANS: A Young children attribute human character- istics to inanimate objects. They often fear that the objects may jump, bite, cut, or pinch all by themselves without human di- rection. Equipment should be kept out of sight until needed. Simple, concrete expla- nations about what the equipment does and how it will feel will help alleviate the child's fear. Preschoolers need repeated explanations as reassurance. ANS: B