8/22/25, 5:44 PM BIO 2301 Human Physiology - Exam 1 (CSCC - SU18) 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS |ELABORATED &…
BIO 2301 Human Physiology - Exam 1 (CSCC -
SU18) 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS |ELABORATED &DETAILED
ANSWERS!!
Save
Terms in this set (180)
The body's ability to maintain internal stability, even in
Homeostasis
the face of external change
- Control center: usually found in the hypothalamus of
the brain, contains the "set point" for the variable,
receives info from the receptors and sends
instructions to effectors
Components of a
- Receptors: detect or sense the variable and send
homeostatic mechanism
that info to the control center
- Effectors: receive instructions from the control
center and carry them out to get the variable back to
normal
- The maintenance of body temperature
Examples of homeostatic - Blood glucose levels
mechanisms - Blood sodium levels
- Blood pressure
- When a change in the variable occurs, the body
responds by causing a change in the opposite
Negative feedback
direction
- The main way that homeostatic mechanisms work
https://quizlet.com/1067596106/bio-2301-human-physiology-exam-1-cscc-su18-2025-exam-questions-and-verified-solutions-elaborated-detailed-ans… 1/28
,8/22/25, 5:44 PM BIO 2301 Human Physiology - Exam 1 (CSCC - SU18) 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS |ELABORATED &…
- When a change in the variable occurs, the body
responds by causing more of a change in the same
direction
Positive feedback
- Rarely used in the body
- Examples: blood clotting, oxytocin release during
child birth, and milk release
- Semi-permeable, phospholipid bilayer
- Regulates passage of substances into and out of the
Structure of the plasma
cell
membrane
- Principal components: lipids, proteins,
carbohydrates
- Hydrophilic head
Phospholipids in the - Hydrophobic tail
plasma membrane - Arranged in a double layer (bilayer) with the heads
surrounded by fluid and the tails kept from the water
- Hydrophobic so found in the tail
- Maintains the consistency of the cell membrane
- Strengthens it by preventing smell molecules from
Cholesterol in the cell
crossing
membrane
- Keeps the phospholipid tails from coming into
contact and solidifying it to ensure the hydrophobic
tail stays fluid and flexible
- Function as enzymes to speed up chemical reactions
- Act as receptors for specific molecules or transport
Proteins in the cell materials across the cell membrane
membrane - Integral proteins are located within the lipid bilater
- Peripheral proteins are located outside the lipid
bilayer
- Sometime attached to proteins or lipids on the
outside of the cell membrane
Carbohydrates in the cell - Form the glycocalyx which provides cushioning and
membrane protection for the membrane, important for cell
recognition and determining if cells should be there
or not, and acts as a glue to attach cells together
https://quizlet.com/1067596106/bio-2301-human-physiology-exam-1-cscc-su18-2025-exam-questions-and-verified-solutions-elaborated-detailed-ans… 2/28
, 8/22/25, 5:44 PM BIO 2301 Human Physiology - Exam 1 (CSCC - SU18) 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS |ELABORATED &…
- Water soluble
Polar substances
- Water, sodium, potassium
- Fat soluble
Nonpolar substances
- Urea, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and alcohol
- Like dissolves like
Solubility - Polar liquids dissolve polar substances
- Nonpolar liquids dissolve nonpolar substances
What substances can - Nonpolar substances will pass through easily
easily pass through the - Polar substances must go through a channel in the
phospholipid bilayer of cell membrane
cell membranes?
- Disorder increases
Disorder - Molecules want to go where there is more room for
them to spread out
- The movement of small molecules from an area of
high concentration to an area of low concentration
- Does not require ATP energy
Diffusion - Consists of a solute (molecules being dissolved) and
a solution (water)
- Nonpolar, small lipid-soluble molecules will easily
pass through the lipid bilayer
- The unassisted diffusion of water across a selective
permeable membrane
- Water will go through an aquaporin (a pore) and will
move from where there is more water to where there
Osmosis is less water (high to low) OR movement of water from
an area of low solute concentration to an area of high
solute concentration
- Happens when the membrane is not permeable to
the solutes
- The pressure needed to stop osmosis
- Water follows salt concept
Osmotic pressure
- The more particles there are, the greater the osmotic
pressure
https://quizlet.com/1067596106/bio-2301-human-physiology-exam-1-cscc-su18-2025-exam-questions-and-verified-solutions-elaborated-detailed-ans… 3/28
BIO 2301 Human Physiology - Exam 1 (CSCC -
SU18) 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS |ELABORATED &DETAILED
ANSWERS!!
Save
Terms in this set (180)
The body's ability to maintain internal stability, even in
Homeostasis
the face of external change
- Control center: usually found in the hypothalamus of
the brain, contains the "set point" for the variable,
receives info from the receptors and sends
instructions to effectors
Components of a
- Receptors: detect or sense the variable and send
homeostatic mechanism
that info to the control center
- Effectors: receive instructions from the control
center and carry them out to get the variable back to
normal
- The maintenance of body temperature
Examples of homeostatic - Blood glucose levels
mechanisms - Blood sodium levels
- Blood pressure
- When a change in the variable occurs, the body
responds by causing a change in the opposite
Negative feedback
direction
- The main way that homeostatic mechanisms work
https://quizlet.com/1067596106/bio-2301-human-physiology-exam-1-cscc-su18-2025-exam-questions-and-verified-solutions-elaborated-detailed-ans… 1/28
,8/22/25, 5:44 PM BIO 2301 Human Physiology - Exam 1 (CSCC - SU18) 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS |ELABORATED &…
- When a change in the variable occurs, the body
responds by causing more of a change in the same
direction
Positive feedback
- Rarely used in the body
- Examples: blood clotting, oxytocin release during
child birth, and milk release
- Semi-permeable, phospholipid bilayer
- Regulates passage of substances into and out of the
Structure of the plasma
cell
membrane
- Principal components: lipids, proteins,
carbohydrates
- Hydrophilic head
Phospholipids in the - Hydrophobic tail
plasma membrane - Arranged in a double layer (bilayer) with the heads
surrounded by fluid and the tails kept from the water
- Hydrophobic so found in the tail
- Maintains the consistency of the cell membrane
- Strengthens it by preventing smell molecules from
Cholesterol in the cell
crossing
membrane
- Keeps the phospholipid tails from coming into
contact and solidifying it to ensure the hydrophobic
tail stays fluid and flexible
- Function as enzymes to speed up chemical reactions
- Act as receptors for specific molecules or transport
Proteins in the cell materials across the cell membrane
membrane - Integral proteins are located within the lipid bilater
- Peripheral proteins are located outside the lipid
bilayer
- Sometime attached to proteins or lipids on the
outside of the cell membrane
Carbohydrates in the cell - Form the glycocalyx which provides cushioning and
membrane protection for the membrane, important for cell
recognition and determining if cells should be there
or not, and acts as a glue to attach cells together
https://quizlet.com/1067596106/bio-2301-human-physiology-exam-1-cscc-su18-2025-exam-questions-and-verified-solutions-elaborated-detailed-ans… 2/28
, 8/22/25, 5:44 PM BIO 2301 Human Physiology - Exam 1 (CSCC - SU18) 2025 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS |ELABORATED &…
- Water soluble
Polar substances
- Water, sodium, potassium
- Fat soluble
Nonpolar substances
- Urea, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and alcohol
- Like dissolves like
Solubility - Polar liquids dissolve polar substances
- Nonpolar liquids dissolve nonpolar substances
What substances can - Nonpolar substances will pass through easily
easily pass through the - Polar substances must go through a channel in the
phospholipid bilayer of cell membrane
cell membranes?
- Disorder increases
Disorder - Molecules want to go where there is more room for
them to spread out
- The movement of small molecules from an area of
high concentration to an area of low concentration
- Does not require ATP energy
Diffusion - Consists of a solute (molecules being dissolved) and
a solution (water)
- Nonpolar, small lipid-soluble molecules will easily
pass through the lipid bilayer
- The unassisted diffusion of water across a selective
permeable membrane
- Water will go through an aquaporin (a pore) and will
move from where there is more water to where there
Osmosis is less water (high to low) OR movement of water from
an area of low solute concentration to an area of high
solute concentration
- Happens when the membrane is not permeable to
the solutes
- The pressure needed to stop osmosis
- Water follows salt concept
Osmotic pressure
- The more particles there are, the greater the osmotic
pressure
https://quizlet.com/1067596106/bio-2301-human-physiology-exam-1-cscc-su18-2025-exam-questions-and-verified-solutions-elaborated-detailed-ans… 3/28
