CMN 571 - EXAM 1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
When should complimentary foods be introduced? - Answer -- When an infant can sit
with support, has good head and neck control, and demonstrates other developmental
readiness (extinction of the extrusion reflex and the ability to express both desire for
food and satiety).
- Complimentary foods should NOT be introduced before 4 months of age per the AAP
The AAP recommends exclusive breastfeeding until what age? - Answer -6 months
Referral to an allergist for testing is recommended for who? - Answer -Low-risk patients
that develop a reaction when the recommended AAP process is followed.
T/F: Early exposure to infant-safe forms of peanut decreases the risk of peanut allergy -
Answer -True
What is LEAP and what are they known for? - Answer -Learning Early About Peanut
(LEAP)
LEAP, which was the first randomized trial to study early allergen introduction as a
preventive strategy, found that the introduction of peanuts at 4-11 months of age
significantly reduced the risk of developing peanut allergy in high-risk infants.
Define a "high risk" infant - Answer -One with severe eczema and/or egg allergy
Define an "at-risk" infant - Answer -One with mild or moderate eczema
What does the CSACI emphasize on peanut introduction? - Answer -The CSACI
emphasizes that the "overwhelming majority of infants", including those with a mild-to-
moderate eczema, can be safely introduced to peanuts at home, without the need for in-
office investigations.
*medical assessment is recommended in those with severe eczema, egg allergy, or
both.*
What do the NIAID-Sponsored addendum guidelines say about peanut introduction? -
Answer -Parents SHOULD introduce non-choking forms of peanut at approximately 6
months of age.
Once introduced and tolerated, it is essential that peanut-containing foods (and other
allergenic foods) be eaten regularly (3 times/week) in amounts representative of age-
appropriate servings.
What general observations should be made during a newborn exam? - Answer -Is the
baby asleep or awake?
, Is the skin warm or cool?
What are the vital signs?
Are they having any difficulty breathing?
Where is the "soft spot"? - Answer -Anterior fontanelle - front
posterior fontanelle - back
What are the cranial sutures? (CLAMS) - Answer -C - coronal suture
L - Lambdoid suture
A - Anterior fontanelle
M - Metopic suture
S - Sagittal suture
What is molding of the head? - Answer -Pressure on the head during childbirth that
causes a contour of the head that is temporary
Cephalohematoma - Answer -A bruise that does not cross suture lines that is caused
by bleeding below the periosteum commonly associated by delivery assisted with a
vacuum or forceps
- infants are at risk of jaundice due to the breakdown of hemoglobin as the bruise
resolves.
caput succedaneum - Answer -Swelling that crosses suture lines. Caused by fluid
accumulation that forms above the periosteum due to the force of delivery.
Swelling typically resolves within a few days of birth.
Subgaleal hemorrhage - Answer -- Extensive swelling that crosses suture lines
- Bleeding due to emissary vein rupture
- Can lead to more serious complications due to significant blood loss in a large
potential space.
Cutis aplasia - Answer -A congenital anomaly in which the scalp has not formed
properly
*not inherently dangerous but should prompt a thorough exam for other atypical
physical features*
2 core features of ASD - Answer -1) persistent deficits in social communication & social
interaction
2) restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities
ASD is what type of disorder - Answer -Neurologic
Features of ASD may be present prior to what age? - Answer -3 years
When should complimentary foods be introduced? - Answer -- When an infant can sit
with support, has good head and neck control, and demonstrates other developmental
readiness (extinction of the extrusion reflex and the ability to express both desire for
food and satiety).
- Complimentary foods should NOT be introduced before 4 months of age per the AAP
The AAP recommends exclusive breastfeeding until what age? - Answer -6 months
Referral to an allergist for testing is recommended for who? - Answer -Low-risk patients
that develop a reaction when the recommended AAP process is followed.
T/F: Early exposure to infant-safe forms of peanut decreases the risk of peanut allergy -
Answer -True
What is LEAP and what are they known for? - Answer -Learning Early About Peanut
(LEAP)
LEAP, which was the first randomized trial to study early allergen introduction as a
preventive strategy, found that the introduction of peanuts at 4-11 months of age
significantly reduced the risk of developing peanut allergy in high-risk infants.
Define a "high risk" infant - Answer -One with severe eczema and/or egg allergy
Define an "at-risk" infant - Answer -One with mild or moderate eczema
What does the CSACI emphasize on peanut introduction? - Answer -The CSACI
emphasizes that the "overwhelming majority of infants", including those with a mild-to-
moderate eczema, can be safely introduced to peanuts at home, without the need for in-
office investigations.
*medical assessment is recommended in those with severe eczema, egg allergy, or
both.*
What do the NIAID-Sponsored addendum guidelines say about peanut introduction? -
Answer -Parents SHOULD introduce non-choking forms of peanut at approximately 6
months of age.
Once introduced and tolerated, it is essential that peanut-containing foods (and other
allergenic foods) be eaten regularly (3 times/week) in amounts representative of age-
appropriate servings.
What general observations should be made during a newborn exam? - Answer -Is the
baby asleep or awake?
, Is the skin warm or cool?
What are the vital signs?
Are they having any difficulty breathing?
Where is the "soft spot"? - Answer -Anterior fontanelle - front
posterior fontanelle - back
What are the cranial sutures? (CLAMS) - Answer -C - coronal suture
L - Lambdoid suture
A - Anterior fontanelle
M - Metopic suture
S - Sagittal suture
What is molding of the head? - Answer -Pressure on the head during childbirth that
causes a contour of the head that is temporary
Cephalohematoma - Answer -A bruise that does not cross suture lines that is caused
by bleeding below the periosteum commonly associated by delivery assisted with a
vacuum or forceps
- infants are at risk of jaundice due to the breakdown of hemoglobin as the bruise
resolves.
caput succedaneum - Answer -Swelling that crosses suture lines. Caused by fluid
accumulation that forms above the periosteum due to the force of delivery.
Swelling typically resolves within a few days of birth.
Subgaleal hemorrhage - Answer -- Extensive swelling that crosses suture lines
- Bleeding due to emissary vein rupture
- Can lead to more serious complications due to significant blood loss in a large
potential space.
Cutis aplasia - Answer -A congenital anomaly in which the scalp has not formed
properly
*not inherently dangerous but should prompt a thorough exam for other atypical
physical features*
2 core features of ASD - Answer -1) persistent deficits in social communication & social
interaction
2) restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities
ASD is what type of disorder - Answer -Neurologic
Features of ASD may be present prior to what age? - Answer -3 years
