NUTR 2320 Topic 1 Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update 2025-2026
Food - Answers anything that nourishes the body
Food Value - Answers Different foods have different values. they nourish the body in varying
degrees. Food value is similar to nutrient density.
Diet - Answers the kind and amount of food consumed each day
Diet Design - Answers The food to be consumed in a day is designed or planned to the highest
value and health effects.
Health - Answers Complete physical, mental, and social well-being. Not merely the absence of
disease.
To fuel and nourish the body optimally for performance and health. - Answers What is the
purpose of eating?
Food - Answers Energy (calorie) producing nutrients
Nourish - Answers Provide with substance to stay alive. Requires nutrients, energy producing,
and non-energy producing.
Kilocalorie (Calorie) - Answers - The unit used to measure energy
- It is the amount of heat energy required to raise one kilogram of water one degree Celsius
from 36-37 degrees
Bomb Calorimeter - Answers How do we calculate the potential energy (calories) in food?
Glucose = 4kcals
Protein = 4kcals
Fats = 9kcals
Fiber = 0 kcals - Answers What is the energy per gram of glucose, protein, fats, and fiber?
Macronutrient - Answers Macromolecules (carbs, protein, fat) in plants and animals that can be
digested, absorbed, and used by other organisms as energy, as substrates for synthesis of
carbs, proteins, and fats, and to maintain cell/system integrity
Photosynthesis - Answers How carbohydrates are made in plants; requires CO2, H2O, and
sunlight
ATP - Answers The ultimate fuel used/generated in the body
, Simple Carbohydrates (Simple Sugars) - Answers Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and
oligosaccharides; can be absorbed in humans
Monosaccharides - Answers - simple units of sugar
- seldom found in nature at high levels and are typically linked to di, oligo, and polysaccharides
- 12 hexoses (6-C) and 6 pentose (5-C) structures are formed in nature
- glucose, fructose, galactose
Glucose - Answers - also know as blood sugar
- most widely distributed sugar in nature in nature in starch, cellulose, and all edible
disaccharides
- brain depends on it
Fructose - Answers - also known as levulose and fruit sugar
- as fruit ripen, sucrose breaks down glu + fru to make it sweeter
Galactose - Answers - also known as milk sugar
- rarely free in nature
- produced from lactose breaking down glu + gal with digestion
- inability to metabolize galactose is galactosemia
Disaccharides - Answers - double units of sugar
- sucrose, lactose, maltose
- cleaved into single units by specific enzymes in the digestive track: sucrose by sucrase,
maltose by maltase, and lactose by lactase
- A variety of other disaccharide and oligosaccharide configurations occur in nature with alpha
(digestible) and beta(mostly indigestible) linkages
- Maltose is the most common alpha linkage used to buildstarch and beta linkage to form
cellulose.
Maltose - Answers - also known as malt sugar
- formed from hydrolysis of starch
- rarely occurs naturally in food
Food - Answers anything that nourishes the body
Food Value - Answers Different foods have different values. they nourish the body in varying
degrees. Food value is similar to nutrient density.
Diet - Answers the kind and amount of food consumed each day
Diet Design - Answers The food to be consumed in a day is designed or planned to the highest
value and health effects.
Health - Answers Complete physical, mental, and social well-being. Not merely the absence of
disease.
To fuel and nourish the body optimally for performance and health. - Answers What is the
purpose of eating?
Food - Answers Energy (calorie) producing nutrients
Nourish - Answers Provide with substance to stay alive. Requires nutrients, energy producing,
and non-energy producing.
Kilocalorie (Calorie) - Answers - The unit used to measure energy
- It is the amount of heat energy required to raise one kilogram of water one degree Celsius
from 36-37 degrees
Bomb Calorimeter - Answers How do we calculate the potential energy (calories) in food?
Glucose = 4kcals
Protein = 4kcals
Fats = 9kcals
Fiber = 0 kcals - Answers What is the energy per gram of glucose, protein, fats, and fiber?
Macronutrient - Answers Macromolecules (carbs, protein, fat) in plants and animals that can be
digested, absorbed, and used by other organisms as energy, as substrates for synthesis of
carbs, proteins, and fats, and to maintain cell/system integrity
Photosynthesis - Answers How carbohydrates are made in plants; requires CO2, H2O, and
sunlight
ATP - Answers The ultimate fuel used/generated in the body
, Simple Carbohydrates (Simple Sugars) - Answers Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and
oligosaccharides; can be absorbed in humans
Monosaccharides - Answers - simple units of sugar
- seldom found in nature at high levels and are typically linked to di, oligo, and polysaccharides
- 12 hexoses (6-C) and 6 pentose (5-C) structures are formed in nature
- glucose, fructose, galactose
Glucose - Answers - also know as blood sugar
- most widely distributed sugar in nature in nature in starch, cellulose, and all edible
disaccharides
- brain depends on it
Fructose - Answers - also known as levulose and fruit sugar
- as fruit ripen, sucrose breaks down glu + fru to make it sweeter
Galactose - Answers - also known as milk sugar
- rarely free in nature
- produced from lactose breaking down glu + gal with digestion
- inability to metabolize galactose is galactosemia
Disaccharides - Answers - double units of sugar
- sucrose, lactose, maltose
- cleaved into single units by specific enzymes in the digestive track: sucrose by sucrase,
maltose by maltase, and lactose by lactase
- A variety of other disaccharide and oligosaccharide configurations occur in nature with alpha
(digestible) and beta(mostly indigestible) linkages
- Maltose is the most common alpha linkage used to buildstarch and beta linkage to form
cellulose.
Maltose - Answers - also known as malt sugar
- formed from hydrolysis of starch
- rarely occurs naturally in food
