BIOLOGY 1002 EXAM 1 COMPLETE SOLUTION WITH
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
Taxonomy - the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of
organisms; systematics.
Who created/discovered Taxonomy? - Carolus Linnaeus
What is the order of the taxonomy system? - Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
When writing the name of the species you do what? - Capitalize the genus word
and lowercase the species. All should be italics or underlined
Systematics? - is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and
present, and the relationships among living things through time. The science of
reconstructing phylogeny.
Phylogeny - evolutionary history
What is the 3 domain system? - Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
What is included under the Eukarya group? - Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Protists (largest group)
Biodiversity - the total number of species in an ecosystem
Bacteria and Archaea are both..... - prokaryotic, very small, and single-celled
Bacteria and Archaea are different because - bacteria cell wall has peptidoglycan,
different in plasma membrane composition, ribosomes, and RNA polymerase, there
are also differences in translation and transcription
, What are the 3 prokaryote structures? - spherical
rod-shaped
corkscrew shape
How does bacteria function? - moves with flagella, some embed in biofilms and are
protected for disinfectants and antibiotics, endospores allow bacteria to survive
harsh conditions
Binary Fission - asexual cell division that produces many copies, can happen every
20 minutes, most common in prokaryotes
Conjugation - "prokaryotic mating" allows for a DNA transfer between a donor and a
recipient, w/out any type of connection, can occur between species
What must be present for conjugation to happen? - donor, recipient, sex pilus
How is bacteria harmful to us? - it can be disease causing, ex: lock jaw, bubonic
plaque, lyme disease, tuberculosis.
Pathogenic - describes viruses, bacteria, and other types of germs that can cause
diseases
How is bacteria beneficial to us? - helps plant eating animals break down the
cellulose and extract nutrients from the plant, cheese and yogurt are produced by
this, present in vitamins, helps plants capture nitrogen, decomposes our waste
Bioremediation - The practice of manipulating conditions to stimulate breakdown of
pollutants by
living organisms
Virus - no cell membrane, cytoplasm, or ribosomes, reproduce only inside of a host
cell, VERY small, come in a variety of shapes, high mutation rate, can contain DNA
or RNA
Why do we call viruses parasites? - they cannot reproduce on their own so they
parasitize living cells, their protein coat enables entry into a host cell
Viroids - infectious particles with only short RNA strands (no protein coat), mainly
affect crops,
Prions - is an improperly folded version of a natural protein. These wrongly folded
things seem to cause other copies to covert from the correct folding pattern into the
incorrect form.
A virus is treated with - an antiviral drug NOT antibiotics
Bacteria is treated with - antibiotics
Characteristics of Life - organization
responds to stimuli
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
Taxonomy - the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of
organisms; systematics.
Who created/discovered Taxonomy? - Carolus Linnaeus
What is the order of the taxonomy system? - Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
When writing the name of the species you do what? - Capitalize the genus word
and lowercase the species. All should be italics or underlined
Systematics? - is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and
present, and the relationships among living things through time. The science of
reconstructing phylogeny.
Phylogeny - evolutionary history
What is the 3 domain system? - Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
What is included under the Eukarya group? - Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Protists (largest group)
Biodiversity - the total number of species in an ecosystem
Bacteria and Archaea are both..... - prokaryotic, very small, and single-celled
Bacteria and Archaea are different because - bacteria cell wall has peptidoglycan,
different in plasma membrane composition, ribosomes, and RNA polymerase, there
are also differences in translation and transcription
, What are the 3 prokaryote structures? - spherical
rod-shaped
corkscrew shape
How does bacteria function? - moves with flagella, some embed in biofilms and are
protected for disinfectants and antibiotics, endospores allow bacteria to survive
harsh conditions
Binary Fission - asexual cell division that produces many copies, can happen every
20 minutes, most common in prokaryotes
Conjugation - "prokaryotic mating" allows for a DNA transfer between a donor and a
recipient, w/out any type of connection, can occur between species
What must be present for conjugation to happen? - donor, recipient, sex pilus
How is bacteria harmful to us? - it can be disease causing, ex: lock jaw, bubonic
plaque, lyme disease, tuberculosis.
Pathogenic - describes viruses, bacteria, and other types of germs that can cause
diseases
How is bacteria beneficial to us? - helps plant eating animals break down the
cellulose and extract nutrients from the plant, cheese and yogurt are produced by
this, present in vitamins, helps plants capture nitrogen, decomposes our waste
Bioremediation - The practice of manipulating conditions to stimulate breakdown of
pollutants by
living organisms
Virus - no cell membrane, cytoplasm, or ribosomes, reproduce only inside of a host
cell, VERY small, come in a variety of shapes, high mutation rate, can contain DNA
or RNA
Why do we call viruses parasites? - they cannot reproduce on their own so they
parasitize living cells, their protein coat enables entry into a host cell
Viroids - infectious particles with only short RNA strands (no protein coat), mainly
affect crops,
Prions - is an improperly folded version of a natural protein. These wrongly folded
things seem to cause other copies to covert from the correct folding pattern into the
incorrect form.
A virus is treated with - an antiviral drug NOT antibiotics
Bacteria is treated with - antibiotics
Characteristics of Life - organization
responds to stimuli
