NR547 FINAL EXAM 2025-2026 LATEST EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
VERIFIED BY EXPERTS ALREADY GRADED A+
Medications for depression
ANSWER;SSRIs
SNRIs
SDRIs
TCAs
MAOIs
SSRIs
-Action: inhibit 5-HT reuptake
-Examples: citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine,
sertraline
-Adverse effects:
ANSWER;• nausea
• agitation
• diarrhea
• headache
• weight gain
• sexual side effects
SNRIs
-inhibit 5-HT reuptake
-inhibit NE reuptake (↑ energy, focus)
-increase DA in prefrontal cortex (↑ cognition)
-Examples: desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, levomilnacipran,
venlafaxine
,-Adverse effects:
ANSWER;• elevated blood pressure
• nausea
• sweating
• tremors
• anxiety
• insomnia
• constipation
• anorexia
• sexual dysfunction
SDRIs
-inhibit DA reuptake (↑alertness, motivation)
-inhibit NE reuptake (↑energy)
-Adverse effects:
ANSWER;• agitation
• headache
• dry mouth
• constipation
• weight loss
TCAs
-Action: inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine;
blocks norepinephrine, histamine, and acetylcholine receptors
-Examples: amitriptyline, clomipramine, desipramine, doxepin
-Common Side Effects:
ANSWER;• dry mouth
• constipation
• blurred vision
• urinary retention
• sedati
,• weight gain
• hypotension
• tachycardia
• sexual dysfunction
MAOIs
-Action: increases norepinephrine and serotonin by inhibiting
the enzyme that inactivates it
-Examples: isocarboxazid, phenelzine, tranylcypromine
-Common Side Effects:
ANSWER;• sedation
• dizziness
• sexual dysfunction
• hypertensive crisis
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER; citalopram (Celexa)
mild antihistamine effects
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER;escitalopram (Lexapro)
no known drug interactions
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER; fluoxetine (Prozac)
longest half-life
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER; paroxetine (Paxil)
also treats social anxiety and insomnia
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER;fluvoxamine (Luvox)
treats anxious depression smokers require increased dose
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER;sertraline (Zoloft)
, also treats social anxiety and hypersomnolence
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER; bupropion (Wellbutrin)
NDRI may improve energy, alertness, and motivation; not first
line treatment for anxiety; contraindicated in clients with a
history of seizures
Prescribing pearls: duloxetine (Cymbalta)
effective for atypical pain at higher doses; appropriate for
clients who present with somatic symptoms of depression;
effective for atypical pain, such as fibromyalgia and diabetic
neuropathy
Prescribing pearls: venlafaxine (Effexor)
treats both depression and anxiety disorders, ensure trial of
higher dose before switching to a different medication
Prescribing pearls: desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
effective for perimenopausal vasomotor symptoms
considered when selecting a medication:
-Client preference
-Prior treatment response
-Anticipated adverse effects
-Comorbidities
-Half-life and interactions
-Cost
if a medication is not achieving efficacy:
-Increase dose gradually
-Switch to a different drug within the same class
-Switch to drug in a different class
-Add a second medication
Use to protect against suicide
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
VERIFIED BY EXPERTS ALREADY GRADED A+
Medications for depression
ANSWER;SSRIs
SNRIs
SDRIs
TCAs
MAOIs
SSRIs
-Action: inhibit 5-HT reuptake
-Examples: citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine,
sertraline
-Adverse effects:
ANSWER;• nausea
• agitation
• diarrhea
• headache
• weight gain
• sexual side effects
SNRIs
-inhibit 5-HT reuptake
-inhibit NE reuptake (↑ energy, focus)
-increase DA in prefrontal cortex (↑ cognition)
-Examples: desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, levomilnacipran,
venlafaxine
,-Adverse effects:
ANSWER;• elevated blood pressure
• nausea
• sweating
• tremors
• anxiety
• insomnia
• constipation
• anorexia
• sexual dysfunction
SDRIs
-inhibit DA reuptake (↑alertness, motivation)
-inhibit NE reuptake (↑energy)
-Adverse effects:
ANSWER;• agitation
• headache
• dry mouth
• constipation
• weight loss
TCAs
-Action: inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine;
blocks norepinephrine, histamine, and acetylcholine receptors
-Examples: amitriptyline, clomipramine, desipramine, doxepin
-Common Side Effects:
ANSWER;• dry mouth
• constipation
• blurred vision
• urinary retention
• sedati
,• weight gain
• hypotension
• tachycardia
• sexual dysfunction
MAOIs
-Action: increases norepinephrine and serotonin by inhibiting
the enzyme that inactivates it
-Examples: isocarboxazid, phenelzine, tranylcypromine
-Common Side Effects:
ANSWER;• sedation
• dizziness
• sexual dysfunction
• hypertensive crisis
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER; citalopram (Celexa)
mild antihistamine effects
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER;escitalopram (Lexapro)
no known drug interactions
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER; fluoxetine (Prozac)
longest half-life
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER; paroxetine (Paxil)
also treats social anxiety and insomnia
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER;fluvoxamine (Luvox)
treats anxious depression smokers require increased dose
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER;sertraline (Zoloft)
, also treats social anxiety and hypersomnolence
Prescribing pearls: ANSWER; bupropion (Wellbutrin)
NDRI may improve energy, alertness, and motivation; not first
line treatment for anxiety; contraindicated in clients with a
history of seizures
Prescribing pearls: duloxetine (Cymbalta)
effective for atypical pain at higher doses; appropriate for
clients who present with somatic symptoms of depression;
effective for atypical pain, such as fibromyalgia and diabetic
neuropathy
Prescribing pearls: venlafaxine (Effexor)
treats both depression and anxiety disorders, ensure trial of
higher dose before switching to a different medication
Prescribing pearls: desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
effective for perimenopausal vasomotor symptoms
considered when selecting a medication:
-Client preference
-Prior treatment response
-Anticipated adverse effects
-Comorbidities
-Half-life and interactions
-Cost
if a medication is not achieving efficacy:
-Increase dose gradually
-Switch to a different drug within the same class
-Switch to drug in a different class
-Add a second medication
Use to protect against suicide
