WJEC Criminology Unit 2
Actus reus - correct answer-Latin for guilty act
Mens rea - correct answer-Latin for "guilty mind," used in court to prove criminal intent
Explain the following sanctions for criminal behaviour:
- Cautions
- Conditional caution
- Penalty notices
- Custodial sentences
- Community sentences
- Fines
- Discharge
- Combination order - correct answer-- Cautions: The criminal accepts the offence and
agrees to be cautioned.
- Conditional caution: The criminal agrees to conditions, e.g. receiving treatment for drug
abuse.
- Penalty notices: A small fine issued by the police.
- Custodial sentences: Prison
- Community sentences: Doing unpaid work.
- Fines: financial penalties
- Discharge: Can be either conditional or absolute. A discharge is given when a defendant is
technically guilty but morally blameless.
- Combination order: A sentence of the court that combines a probation order and a
community sentence order.
Give examples of crimes in the following categories:
- Fatal offences against the person:
- Non-fatal offences against the person:
- Offences against property:
- Sexual offences:
,- Public order offences:
- Drug offences: - correct answer-- Fatal offences against the person: Murder, manslaughter -
Non-fatal offences against the person: Assault, ABH, GBH.
- Offences against property: Theft, robbery, burglary.
- Sexual offences: Rape, indecent assault.
- Public order offences: Riot, violent disorder.
- Drug offences: Possession of a controlled drug, possession with intent to supply.
Give examples of these three categories of deviance:
- Norms:
- Moral Codes:
- Values: - correct answer-- Norms: e.g. wearing dark colours at a funeral.
- Moral Codes: e.g. cruelty to animals.
- Values: e.g. that we should respect the elderly.
What forms of deviance are there? - correct answer-Admired behaviour: e.g. saving
someone's life. Odd behaviour
Bad Behaviour
What sanctions are there against deviance? - correct answer-Frowning upon someone's
behaviour
Labelling behaviour
Being ignored
Parents grounding a child
How and why do laws on adultery vary between countries? - correct answer-Adultery is
legal in all European countries but illegal in many countries which operate Islamic law, e.g.
Saudi Arabia, Pakistan.
Reasons why laws vary: religion, status of women.
, How and why do laws on honour crime vary between countries? - correct answer-Illegal in
the UK but common in many South Asian families.
They are a custom in some cultures when a woman damages a family's reputation.
How and why do laws on homosexuality vary between countries? - correct answer-Legal in
the UK since 1967. Illegal in countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iran, Yemen, Nigeria.
Religion is a major reason for the difference.
Statute - correct answer-An Act of Parliament
Acquittal - correct answer-Verdict of a court when someone is found Not Guilty.
How has the law on prostitution changed in the UK? - correct answer-Prostitution is legal
but many of its associated activities are illegal, e.g. kerb crawling, soliciting, owning a
brothel.
Some have called for the law to be changed to make prostitution legal.
Soliciting - correct answer-Offering sex for money in a public place.
How has the law changed on capital punishment? - correct answer-The death penalty in the
UK was fully abolished in 1969, following high-profile miscarriages of justice, e.g. Derek
Bentley.
How has the law changed on double jeopardy? - correct answer-Following the campaign of
Ann Mings, the law preventing people being tried for the same crime twice was changed.
Criminal Justice Act 2003 allows a re-trial if there is "new and compelling evidence".
How has the law on vagrancy changed? - correct answer-Vagrancy was illegal under the
Vagrancy Act 1824.
Vagrancy involves having no visible means of support and travelling from place to place.
The law was passed to prevent towns being overrun by beggars, but attitudes towards
homelessness have since changed greatly.
Actus reus - correct answer-Latin for guilty act
Mens rea - correct answer-Latin for "guilty mind," used in court to prove criminal intent
Explain the following sanctions for criminal behaviour:
- Cautions
- Conditional caution
- Penalty notices
- Custodial sentences
- Community sentences
- Fines
- Discharge
- Combination order - correct answer-- Cautions: The criminal accepts the offence and
agrees to be cautioned.
- Conditional caution: The criminal agrees to conditions, e.g. receiving treatment for drug
abuse.
- Penalty notices: A small fine issued by the police.
- Custodial sentences: Prison
- Community sentences: Doing unpaid work.
- Fines: financial penalties
- Discharge: Can be either conditional or absolute. A discharge is given when a defendant is
technically guilty but morally blameless.
- Combination order: A sentence of the court that combines a probation order and a
community sentence order.
Give examples of crimes in the following categories:
- Fatal offences against the person:
- Non-fatal offences against the person:
- Offences against property:
- Sexual offences:
,- Public order offences:
- Drug offences: - correct answer-- Fatal offences against the person: Murder, manslaughter -
Non-fatal offences against the person: Assault, ABH, GBH.
- Offences against property: Theft, robbery, burglary.
- Sexual offences: Rape, indecent assault.
- Public order offences: Riot, violent disorder.
- Drug offences: Possession of a controlled drug, possession with intent to supply.
Give examples of these three categories of deviance:
- Norms:
- Moral Codes:
- Values: - correct answer-- Norms: e.g. wearing dark colours at a funeral.
- Moral Codes: e.g. cruelty to animals.
- Values: e.g. that we should respect the elderly.
What forms of deviance are there? - correct answer-Admired behaviour: e.g. saving
someone's life. Odd behaviour
Bad Behaviour
What sanctions are there against deviance? - correct answer-Frowning upon someone's
behaviour
Labelling behaviour
Being ignored
Parents grounding a child
How and why do laws on adultery vary between countries? - correct answer-Adultery is
legal in all European countries but illegal in many countries which operate Islamic law, e.g.
Saudi Arabia, Pakistan.
Reasons why laws vary: religion, status of women.
, How and why do laws on honour crime vary between countries? - correct answer-Illegal in
the UK but common in many South Asian families.
They are a custom in some cultures when a woman damages a family's reputation.
How and why do laws on homosexuality vary between countries? - correct answer-Legal in
the UK since 1967. Illegal in countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iran, Yemen, Nigeria.
Religion is a major reason for the difference.
Statute - correct answer-An Act of Parliament
Acquittal - correct answer-Verdict of a court when someone is found Not Guilty.
How has the law on prostitution changed in the UK? - correct answer-Prostitution is legal
but many of its associated activities are illegal, e.g. kerb crawling, soliciting, owning a
brothel.
Some have called for the law to be changed to make prostitution legal.
Soliciting - correct answer-Offering sex for money in a public place.
How has the law changed on capital punishment? - correct answer-The death penalty in the
UK was fully abolished in 1969, following high-profile miscarriages of justice, e.g. Derek
Bentley.
How has the law changed on double jeopardy? - correct answer-Following the campaign of
Ann Mings, the law preventing people being tried for the same crime twice was changed.
Criminal Justice Act 2003 allows a re-trial if there is "new and compelling evidence".
How has the law on vagrancy changed? - correct answer-Vagrancy was illegal under the
Vagrancy Act 1824.
Vagrancy involves having no visible means of support and travelling from place to place.
The law was passed to prevent towns being overrun by beggars, but attitudes towards
homelessness have since changed greatly.
