AQA GCSE BIOLOGY PAPER 2
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is an organism's ability to control its internal conditions for optimal
reaction rates.
What conditions does the body control for homeostasis?
Blood concentration, temperature, and blood glucose concentration.
What does CNS stand for and what does it consist of?
CNS stands for the central nervous system, consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
What is a reflex arc?
A reflex arc is an unconscious action made by the CNS to quickly react to a stimulus.
What is the role of receptors in the reflex arc?
Receptors detect a stimulus, such as hot pain, and send an electrical charge down
the sensory neuron.
,What happens at the synapse in the reflex arc?
Neurotransmitters are released across the synapse to transmit the electrical signal
to the relay neuron.
What are the functions of the cerebral cortex?
The cerebral cortex is used for memory, speech, and problem-solving.
What is the function of the cerebellum?
The cerebellum is responsible for motor skills, movement, balance, and
coordination.
What does the medulla oblongata control?
The medulla oblongata controls unconscious actions such as breathing and the
release of adrenaline.
What is accommodation in the eye?
Accommodation is the eye's ability to change shape to focus on objects at different
distances.
, How does the eye accommodate for distant vision?
The ciliary muscles relax and the suspensory ligaments tighten, making the lens
thinner.
How does the eye accommodate for near vision?
The ciliary muscles contract and the suspensory ligaments relax, making the lens
thicker.
What is myopia?
Myopia is the scientific term for short-sightedness.
What is hyperopia?
Hyperopia is the scientific term for long-sightedness.
What are the body's responses when overheated?
Sweating and vasodilation, which increases blood flow to the skin.
What are the body's responses when too cold?
Shivering, vasoconstriction, and hair standing on end to retain heat.
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is an organism's ability to control its internal conditions for optimal
reaction rates.
What conditions does the body control for homeostasis?
Blood concentration, temperature, and blood glucose concentration.
What does CNS stand for and what does it consist of?
CNS stands for the central nervous system, consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
What is a reflex arc?
A reflex arc is an unconscious action made by the CNS to quickly react to a stimulus.
What is the role of receptors in the reflex arc?
Receptors detect a stimulus, such as hot pain, and send an electrical charge down
the sensory neuron.
,What happens at the synapse in the reflex arc?
Neurotransmitters are released across the synapse to transmit the electrical signal
to the relay neuron.
What are the functions of the cerebral cortex?
The cerebral cortex is used for memory, speech, and problem-solving.
What is the function of the cerebellum?
The cerebellum is responsible for motor skills, movement, balance, and
coordination.
What does the medulla oblongata control?
The medulla oblongata controls unconscious actions such as breathing and the
release of adrenaline.
What is accommodation in the eye?
Accommodation is the eye's ability to change shape to focus on objects at different
distances.
, How does the eye accommodate for distant vision?
The ciliary muscles relax and the suspensory ligaments tighten, making the lens
thinner.
How does the eye accommodate for near vision?
The ciliary muscles contract and the suspensory ligaments relax, making the lens
thicker.
What is myopia?
Myopia is the scientific term for short-sightedness.
What is hyperopia?
Hyperopia is the scientific term for long-sightedness.
What are the body's responses when overheated?
Sweating and vasodilation, which increases blood flow to the skin.
What are the body's responses when too cold?
Shivering, vasoconstriction, and hair standing on end to retain heat.
