Bio 211 first exam vocab words || Error-free Answers 100%.
evolution correct answers descent with modification; the idea that living species are descendants
of ancestral species that were different from the present-day ones; also defined more narrowly as
the change in the genetic composition of a population from generation to generation
biology correct answers the scientific study of life
The levels of biological organization correct answers 1 the biosphere. 2 ecosystem. 3
Communities. 4 populations. 5. Organisms. 6 Organs and organ systems. 7 tissues. 8 cells. 9
organelles. 10 molecules
emergent properties correct answers New properties that arise with each step upward in the
hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
systems biology correct answers An approach to studying biology that aims to model the
dynamic behavior of whole biological systems based on a study of the interactions among the
system's parts
Cells correct answers the smallest unit of organization that can perform all activities required for
life. enclosed by a membrane that regulates the passage of materials between the cell and its
surroundings.
eukaryotic cell correct answers A type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-
enclosed organelles. Organisms with eukaryotic cells(protists, plants, fungi, and animals) and
called eukaryotes
prokaryotic cell correct answers a type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with prokaryotic cells(bacteria and archaea) and
called prokaryotes
,DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) correct answers A nucleic acid molecule, usually a double-stranded
helix, in which each polynucleotide strand consists of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose
sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine. capable of being replicated and determining the
inherited structure of a cell's proteins
gene correct answers A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide
sequence in DNA
gene expression correct answers The process by which information encoded in DNA directs the
synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into proteins and instead
function as RNA
genome correct answers the genetic material of an organism or virus; the complete complement
of an organism's or virus's genes along with its noncoding nucleic acid sequences
genomics correct answers The systematic study of whole sets of genes(or other DNA) and their
interactions within a species, as well as genome comparisons between species
proteomics correct answers The systematic study of sets of proteins and their properties,
including their abundance, chemical modifications, and interactions
proteome correct answers The entire set of proteins expressed by a given cell or group of cells
bioinformatics correct answers The use of computers, software, and mathematical models to
process and integrate biological information from large data sets
producer correct answers An organism that produces organic compounds from CO2 by
harnessing light energy(in photosynthesis) or by oxidizing inorganic chemicals (in
chemosynthetic reactions carried out by some prokaryotes)
, consumer correct answers An organism that feeds on producers, other consumers, or nonliving
organic material.
feedback regulation correct answers The regulation of a process by its output or end product.
Bacteria correct answers One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Archaea.
Archaea correct answers One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Bacteria.
Eukarya correct answers The domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms.
natural selection correct answers A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits
tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.
hypothesis correct answers A testable explanation for a set of observations based on the available
data and guided by inductive reasoning. A hypothesis is narrower in scope than a theory.
Does camouflage affect predation rates on two populations of mice? correct answers For each
habitat, the researchers calculated the percentage of attacked models that were camouflaged or
non-camouflaged. In bother habitats, the models whose pattern did not match their surroundings
suffered much higher "predation" than did the camouflaged models
theory correct answers An explanation that is broader in scope than a hypothesis, generates new
hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence.
model organism correct answers A particular species chosen for research into broad biological
principles because it is representative of a larger group and usually easy to grow in a lab.
adaptation correct answers Inherited characteristic of an organism that enhances its survival and
reproduction in a specific environment.
evolution correct answers descent with modification; the idea that living species are descendants
of ancestral species that were different from the present-day ones; also defined more narrowly as
the change in the genetic composition of a population from generation to generation
biology correct answers the scientific study of life
The levels of biological organization correct answers 1 the biosphere. 2 ecosystem. 3
Communities. 4 populations. 5. Organisms. 6 Organs and organ systems. 7 tissues. 8 cells. 9
organelles. 10 molecules
emergent properties correct answers New properties that arise with each step upward in the
hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
systems biology correct answers An approach to studying biology that aims to model the
dynamic behavior of whole biological systems based on a study of the interactions among the
system's parts
Cells correct answers the smallest unit of organization that can perform all activities required for
life. enclosed by a membrane that regulates the passage of materials between the cell and its
surroundings.
eukaryotic cell correct answers A type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-
enclosed organelles. Organisms with eukaryotic cells(protists, plants, fungi, and animals) and
called eukaryotes
prokaryotic cell correct answers a type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with prokaryotic cells(bacteria and archaea) and
called prokaryotes
,DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) correct answers A nucleic acid molecule, usually a double-stranded
helix, in which each polynucleotide strand consists of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose
sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine. capable of being replicated and determining the
inherited structure of a cell's proteins
gene correct answers A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide
sequence in DNA
gene expression correct answers The process by which information encoded in DNA directs the
synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into proteins and instead
function as RNA
genome correct answers the genetic material of an organism or virus; the complete complement
of an organism's or virus's genes along with its noncoding nucleic acid sequences
genomics correct answers The systematic study of whole sets of genes(or other DNA) and their
interactions within a species, as well as genome comparisons between species
proteomics correct answers The systematic study of sets of proteins and their properties,
including their abundance, chemical modifications, and interactions
proteome correct answers The entire set of proteins expressed by a given cell or group of cells
bioinformatics correct answers The use of computers, software, and mathematical models to
process and integrate biological information from large data sets
producer correct answers An organism that produces organic compounds from CO2 by
harnessing light energy(in photosynthesis) or by oxidizing inorganic chemicals (in
chemosynthetic reactions carried out by some prokaryotes)
, consumer correct answers An organism that feeds on producers, other consumers, or nonliving
organic material.
feedback regulation correct answers The regulation of a process by its output or end product.
Bacteria correct answers One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Archaea.
Archaea correct answers One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Bacteria.
Eukarya correct answers The domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms.
natural selection correct answers A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits
tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.
hypothesis correct answers A testable explanation for a set of observations based on the available
data and guided by inductive reasoning. A hypothesis is narrower in scope than a theory.
Does camouflage affect predation rates on two populations of mice? correct answers For each
habitat, the researchers calculated the percentage of attacked models that were camouflaged or
non-camouflaged. In bother habitats, the models whose pattern did not match their surroundings
suffered much higher "predation" than did the camouflaged models
theory correct answers An explanation that is broader in scope than a hypothesis, generates new
hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence.
model organism correct answers A particular species chosen for research into broad biological
principles because it is representative of a larger group and usually easy to grow in a lab.
adaptation correct answers Inherited characteristic of an organism that enhances its survival and
reproduction in a specific environment.
