PATHO FINAL EXAM/ NURS 5315 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
EXAM/ Real Exam Questions with Correct Verified Answers –
Latest Update 2024/ Rated A+
Which of the following patients is the most at risk for developing hypernatremia? A patient with:
A. Dehydration
B. Vomiting
C. Diuretic use
D. Hypoaldosteronism - ANSWER - A. Dehydration
Confirmation of somatic death is based on:
A. Complete cessation of respiration and circulation
B. Presence of livor mortis
C. Presence of algor mortis
D. Change in skin color to pale yellow - ANSWER - A. Complete cessation of respiration and circulation
A 52-year-old diabetic male presents to the ER with lethargy, confusion, and depressed reflexes. His wife
indicates that he does not follow the prescribed diet and takes his medication sporadically. Lab results
indicate hyperglycemia. Which assessment finding is most likely to occur?
A. Decreased urine formation
B. Clammy skin
C. Metabolic alkalosis
D. Decreased sodium - ANSWER - D. Decreased sodium
pg. 1
,A 50-year-old male sustained a closed head injury as a result of a motor vehicle accident. CT scan
revealed a collection of blood between the inner surface of the dura mater and the surface of the brain.
Which type of injury will the nurse be caring for?
A. Epidural hematoma
B. Contusion
C. Abrasion
D. Subdural hematoma - ANSWER - D. Subdural hematoma
A 50-year-old male intravenous drug user is diagnosed with hepatitis C. Examination of the liver reveals
cell death secondary to:
A. Pyknosis
B. Physiologic apoptosis
C. Fat necrosis
D. Pathologic apoptosis - ANSWER - D. Pathologic apoptosis
An 86-year-old female patient has the wasting syndrome of aging, making her vulnerable to falls,
functional decline, disease, and death. The nurse knows this patient is experiencing:
A. Sarcopenia
B. Somatic death
C. Frailty
D. Cellular aging - ANSWER - C. Frailty
A family presents to their primary care provider reporting headache, nausea, weakness, and vomiting.
Which of the following would be the most likely explanation for these symptoms?
A. Lead exposure
B. Mercury poisoning
C. Ethanol exposure
D. Carbon monoxide poisoning - ANSWER - D. Carbon monoxide poisoning
While planning care for elderly individuals, the nurse remembers the elderly are at a higher risk for
developing dehydration because they have a(n):
pg. 2
,A. Increased tendency towards developing edema
B. Higher total body water volume
C. Increase in thirst
D. Decreased muscle mass - ANSWER - D. Decreased muscle mass
For a patient with respiratory acidosis, chronic compensation by the body will include:
A. Protein buffering
B. Kidney excretion of HCO3
C. Kidney excretion of H+
D. Prolonged exhalations to blow off CO2 - ANSWER - C. Kidney excretion of H+
After ingestion of lead, what organ systems should the nurse monitor because they are the most
sensitive to the effects of lead? (Select all that apply.)
A. Heart
B. Kidneys
C. Brain
D. Hematopoietic
E. Lungs
F. Liver - ANSWER - B. Kidneys
C. Brain
D. Hematopoietic
A common pathway of irreversible cell injury involves increased intracellular:
A. Calcium
B. Sodium
C. Magnesium
D. Potassium - ANSWER - A. Calcium
pg. 3
, Which mof mthe mfollowing mconditions mwould mcause mthe mnurse mto mmonitor mfor mhyperkalemia?
A. mExcess maldosterone
B. mMetabolic malkalosis
C. mAcute macidosis
D. mInsulin musage m- mANSWER m- mC. mAcute macidosis
A m24-year-old mfemale mpresents mwith mexcessive mmenstrual mbleeding. mThe mphysician midentified mendometrial
mchanges mthat mare mdue mto mhormonal mimbalances. mThese mcellular mchanges mwould mbe mreferred mto mas:
A. mHyperplasia
B. mDysplasia
C. mPathologic mdysplasia
D. mPathologic mhyperplasia m- mANSWER m- mD. mPathologic mhyperplasia
Which mpatient mshould mthe mnurse massess mfor mboth mhyperkalemia mand mmetabolic macidosis? mA mpatient
mdiagnosed mwith:
A. mRenal mfailure
B. mCushing msyndrome
C. mDiabetes minsipidus
D. mPulmonary mdisorders m- mANSWER m- mA. mRenal mfailure
A m2-year-old mswallowed mwatch mbatteries. mFollowing mingestion, mkidney mfunction mwas mimpaired, mand
mthe mheart mbegan mto mfail. mWhich mof mthe mfollowing mwas mthe mmost mlikely mcause?
A. mKaryorrhexis
B. mCaseous mnecrosis
C. mCoagulative mnecrosis
D. mAmmonia maccumulation m- mANSWER m- mC. mCoagulative mnecrosis
When ma mnurse mobserves mmuscle mstiffening moccurring mwithin m6 mto m14 mhours mafter mdeath, mthe
mnurse mshould mdocument mthis mfinding mas m present.
A. mAlgor mmortis
pg. 4
EXAM/ Real Exam Questions with Correct Verified Answers –
Latest Update 2024/ Rated A+
Which of the following patients is the most at risk for developing hypernatremia? A patient with:
A. Dehydration
B. Vomiting
C. Diuretic use
D. Hypoaldosteronism - ANSWER - A. Dehydration
Confirmation of somatic death is based on:
A. Complete cessation of respiration and circulation
B. Presence of livor mortis
C. Presence of algor mortis
D. Change in skin color to pale yellow - ANSWER - A. Complete cessation of respiration and circulation
A 52-year-old diabetic male presents to the ER with lethargy, confusion, and depressed reflexes. His wife
indicates that he does not follow the prescribed diet and takes his medication sporadically. Lab results
indicate hyperglycemia. Which assessment finding is most likely to occur?
A. Decreased urine formation
B. Clammy skin
C. Metabolic alkalosis
D. Decreased sodium - ANSWER - D. Decreased sodium
pg. 1
,A 50-year-old male sustained a closed head injury as a result of a motor vehicle accident. CT scan
revealed a collection of blood between the inner surface of the dura mater and the surface of the brain.
Which type of injury will the nurse be caring for?
A. Epidural hematoma
B. Contusion
C. Abrasion
D. Subdural hematoma - ANSWER - D. Subdural hematoma
A 50-year-old male intravenous drug user is diagnosed with hepatitis C. Examination of the liver reveals
cell death secondary to:
A. Pyknosis
B. Physiologic apoptosis
C. Fat necrosis
D. Pathologic apoptosis - ANSWER - D. Pathologic apoptosis
An 86-year-old female patient has the wasting syndrome of aging, making her vulnerable to falls,
functional decline, disease, and death. The nurse knows this patient is experiencing:
A. Sarcopenia
B. Somatic death
C. Frailty
D. Cellular aging - ANSWER - C. Frailty
A family presents to their primary care provider reporting headache, nausea, weakness, and vomiting.
Which of the following would be the most likely explanation for these symptoms?
A. Lead exposure
B. Mercury poisoning
C. Ethanol exposure
D. Carbon monoxide poisoning - ANSWER - D. Carbon monoxide poisoning
While planning care for elderly individuals, the nurse remembers the elderly are at a higher risk for
developing dehydration because they have a(n):
pg. 2
,A. Increased tendency towards developing edema
B. Higher total body water volume
C. Increase in thirst
D. Decreased muscle mass - ANSWER - D. Decreased muscle mass
For a patient with respiratory acidosis, chronic compensation by the body will include:
A. Protein buffering
B. Kidney excretion of HCO3
C. Kidney excretion of H+
D. Prolonged exhalations to blow off CO2 - ANSWER - C. Kidney excretion of H+
After ingestion of lead, what organ systems should the nurse monitor because they are the most
sensitive to the effects of lead? (Select all that apply.)
A. Heart
B. Kidneys
C. Brain
D. Hematopoietic
E. Lungs
F. Liver - ANSWER - B. Kidneys
C. Brain
D. Hematopoietic
A common pathway of irreversible cell injury involves increased intracellular:
A. Calcium
B. Sodium
C. Magnesium
D. Potassium - ANSWER - A. Calcium
pg. 3
, Which mof mthe mfollowing mconditions mwould mcause mthe mnurse mto mmonitor mfor mhyperkalemia?
A. mExcess maldosterone
B. mMetabolic malkalosis
C. mAcute macidosis
D. mInsulin musage m- mANSWER m- mC. mAcute macidosis
A m24-year-old mfemale mpresents mwith mexcessive mmenstrual mbleeding. mThe mphysician midentified mendometrial
mchanges mthat mare mdue mto mhormonal mimbalances. mThese mcellular mchanges mwould mbe mreferred mto mas:
A. mHyperplasia
B. mDysplasia
C. mPathologic mdysplasia
D. mPathologic mhyperplasia m- mANSWER m- mD. mPathologic mhyperplasia
Which mpatient mshould mthe mnurse massess mfor mboth mhyperkalemia mand mmetabolic macidosis? mA mpatient
mdiagnosed mwith:
A. mRenal mfailure
B. mCushing msyndrome
C. mDiabetes minsipidus
D. mPulmonary mdisorders m- mANSWER m- mA. mRenal mfailure
A m2-year-old mswallowed mwatch mbatteries. mFollowing mingestion, mkidney mfunction mwas mimpaired, mand
mthe mheart mbegan mto mfail. mWhich mof mthe mfollowing mwas mthe mmost mlikely mcause?
A. mKaryorrhexis
B. mCaseous mnecrosis
C. mCoagulative mnecrosis
D. mAmmonia maccumulation m- mANSWER m- mC. mCoagulative mnecrosis
When ma mnurse mobserves mmuscle mstiffening moccurring mwithin m6 mto m14 mhours mafter mdeath, mthe
mnurse mshould mdocument mthis mfinding mas m present.
A. mAlgor mmortis
pg. 4
