D386 Hardware and Operating Systems Essentials Study Guide questions with answers

D386 Hardware and Operating Systems
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Essentials Study Guide questions with answers |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Operating Systems - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Manages resources
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of a computer, provides a GUI for user navigation. Examples:
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Windows, Mac, Linux. |\ |\




Mobile device systems - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Found in phones,
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tablets, e-readers. Examples: Android (70% market share), iOS
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(28% market share).
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Mainframe systems - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Large-scale |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


platforms for enterprise environments. Examples: Windows
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Server, Linux, Unix. |\ |\




Real-time systems - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Act in real time,
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found in pacemakers, cars. Provide a light-weight kernel for low-
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powered hardware. |\




Distributed systems - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Allocates process |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


power, programs files to network users.
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Barebones Computer System - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Can run|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


only one program at a time with no memory or I/O.
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, Emulator - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Computer or program that
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emulates another computer or program.
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Cross-platform application - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Runs on |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


many platforms. Examples: Codename One, ArkUI-X, Kivy, Qt,
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Flutter, NativeScript.
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Multiprogramming - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Multiple programs |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


execute simultaneously on a single device.
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Preemptive multitasking - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Interrupts
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running processes to allow others to run.
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Cooperative multitasking - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Allows
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processes to yield control voluntarily.
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Multithreading - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Allows CPU to execute |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


multiple threads of the same process simultaneously.
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Batch processing - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Method for completing
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high-volume, repetitive data jobs.
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HCL - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Hardware compatibility list for
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specific operating systems or device management software.
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Process control block - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Manages
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processes in an operating system.
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