CHAPTER 1- COMPUTER SYSTEM
► Introduction to Computer System
► Evolution of Computer
► Computer Memory
► Data Transfer between Memory and CPU
► Data and Information
► Microprocessors
► Software
► Operating System
,1.1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SYSTEM
► A computer is an electronic device that can be programmed to
accept data (input), process it and generate result (output).
► A computer along with additional hardware and software together
is called a computer system.
► A computer system primarily comprises a central processing unit
(CPU), memory, input/output devices and storage devices.
► All these components function together as a single unit to deliver
the desired output.
► A computer system comes in various forms and sizes. It can vary
from a high-end server to personal desktop, laptop, tablet
computer, or a smartphone.
,
, Central Processing Unit (CPU)
► It is the electronic circuitry of a computer that carries out the actual
processing and usually referred as the brain of the computer. Also, it is
commonly known as processor.
► Physically, a CPU can be placed on one or more microchips called
integrated circuits (IC). The ICs comprise semiconductor materials.
► The CPU is given instructions and data through programs. The CPU
then fetches the program and data from the memory and performs
arithmetic and logic operations as per the given instructions and stores
the result back to memory.
► While processing, the CPU stores the data as well as instructions in its
local memory called registers.
► Registers are part of the CPU chip and they are limited in size and
number. Different registers are used for storing data, instructions or
intermediate results.
► Introduction to Computer System
► Evolution of Computer
► Computer Memory
► Data Transfer between Memory and CPU
► Data and Information
► Microprocessors
► Software
► Operating System
,1.1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SYSTEM
► A computer is an electronic device that can be programmed to
accept data (input), process it and generate result (output).
► A computer along with additional hardware and software together
is called a computer system.
► A computer system primarily comprises a central processing unit
(CPU), memory, input/output devices and storage devices.
► All these components function together as a single unit to deliver
the desired output.
► A computer system comes in various forms and sizes. It can vary
from a high-end server to personal desktop, laptop, tablet
computer, or a smartphone.
,
, Central Processing Unit (CPU)
► It is the electronic circuitry of a computer that carries out the actual
processing and usually referred as the brain of the computer. Also, it is
commonly known as processor.
► Physically, a CPU can be placed on one or more microchips called
integrated circuits (IC). The ICs comprise semiconductor materials.
► The CPU is given instructions and data through programs. The CPU
then fetches the program and data from the memory and performs
arithmetic and logic operations as per the given instructions and stores
the result back to memory.
► While processing, the CPU stores the data as well as instructions in its
local memory called registers.
► Registers are part of the CPU chip and they are limited in size and
number. Different registers are used for storing data, instructions or
intermediate results.
