1
NR507/ NR 507 FINAL EXAM 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALL ANSWERED {318 Q & A}
ALREADY GRADED A+ / NR 507 EXAM ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | GUARANTEED PASS
What are characteristics of Addison's? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Addison disease is characterized by inadequate corticosteroid
and mineralocorticoid synthesis and elevated serum ACTH levels.
Those with Cushings do not increase
________and________secretion in response to a stressor. - ✔✔✔
Correct Answer > ACTH, and cortisol
What are other causes of Addison disease? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Other causes include infections (tuberculosis, fungal infections,
human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]), infiltrative diseases
(amyloidosis, metastatic carcinoma), or bilateral adrenal
hemorrhage.
_________ and __________ is increased in ACTH-dependent
hypercortisolism. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > ACTH, and cortisol
,2
Protein wasting is caused by the catabolic effects of cortisol on
peripheral tissues. Muscle wasting leads to muscle weakness
and is especially obvious in the muscles of the extremities with
thinning of the limbs. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Cushing Syndrome
What labs are done for diagnosis of cushings? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Urinary free cortisol concentration , ACTH, cortisol. Routine
laboratory examinations may reveal hyperglycemia, glycosuria,
hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis.
Is characterized by excessive aldosterone secretion by the
adrenal cortex. There are both primary and secondary forms of
hyperaldosteronism. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Hyperaldosteronism
____________ is caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone from
an abnormality of the adrenal cortex, usually a single benign
aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Most common cause of Addison disease. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > The
most common cause of Addison disease in the United States is
autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex and it is more
common in women.
,3
CHAPTER 40 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
- ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > GOOD LUCK!!
THE GI TRACT CONSISTS OF THE_____________________ - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.
How many layers does the GI tract consist of? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
4, mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa or adventitia
What is located solely in the GI tract - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Neurons
forming the enteric nervous system are located solely within the
gastrointestinal tract and are controlled by local and autonomic
nervous system stimuli.
What are three pairs of salivary glands? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > The
three pairs of salivary glands (the submandibular, sublingual,
and parotid glands) (Figure 40-3) secrete about 1 L of saliva per
day.
What does saliva consist of? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Saliva consists
mostly of water that contains varying amounts of mucus, sodium,
bicarbonate, chloride, potassium, and salivary α-amylase
(ptyalin), an enzyme that initiates carbohydrate digestion in the
mouth and stomach.
, 4
The pharynx and upper third of the esophagus contain - ✔✔✔
Correct Answer > striated muscle innervated by skeletal motor
neurons.
Swallowing occurs in two phases: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > the
oropharyngeal (voluntary) phase and the esophageal
(involuntary) phase. During the oral and pharyngeal phases of
swallowing, food is segmented into a bolus by the tongue and
forced posteriorly toward the pharynx as the tongue pushes
upward against the hard palate.
Pyloric sphincter, - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > relaxes as food is propelled
into the duodenum.
Functional areas of the stomach are the - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > the
fundus (upper portion), body (middle portion), and antrum (lower
portion).
Blood is supplied to the stomach by branches of the - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > celiac artery
The vagus nerve - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > provides parasympathetic
innervation and branches of the celiac plexus innervate the
stomach sympathetically.
NR507/ NR 507 FINAL EXAM 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALL ANSWERED {318 Q & A}
ALREADY GRADED A+ / NR 507 EXAM ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | GUARANTEED PASS
What are characteristics of Addison's? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Addison disease is characterized by inadequate corticosteroid
and mineralocorticoid synthesis and elevated serum ACTH levels.
Those with Cushings do not increase
________and________secretion in response to a stressor. - ✔✔✔
Correct Answer > ACTH, and cortisol
What are other causes of Addison disease? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Other causes include infections (tuberculosis, fungal infections,
human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]), infiltrative diseases
(amyloidosis, metastatic carcinoma), or bilateral adrenal
hemorrhage.
_________ and __________ is increased in ACTH-dependent
hypercortisolism. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > ACTH, and cortisol
,2
Protein wasting is caused by the catabolic effects of cortisol on
peripheral tissues. Muscle wasting leads to muscle weakness
and is especially obvious in the muscles of the extremities with
thinning of the limbs. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Cushing Syndrome
What labs are done for diagnosis of cushings? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Urinary free cortisol concentration , ACTH, cortisol. Routine
laboratory examinations may reveal hyperglycemia, glycosuria,
hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis.
Is characterized by excessive aldosterone secretion by the
adrenal cortex. There are both primary and secondary forms of
hyperaldosteronism. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Hyperaldosteronism
____________ is caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone from
an abnormality of the adrenal cortex, usually a single benign
aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Most common cause of Addison disease. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > The
most common cause of Addison disease in the United States is
autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex and it is more
common in women.
,3
CHAPTER 40 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
- ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > GOOD LUCK!!
THE GI TRACT CONSISTS OF THE_____________________ - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.
How many layers does the GI tract consist of? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
4, mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa or adventitia
What is located solely in the GI tract - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Neurons
forming the enteric nervous system are located solely within the
gastrointestinal tract and are controlled by local and autonomic
nervous system stimuli.
What are three pairs of salivary glands? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > The
three pairs of salivary glands (the submandibular, sublingual,
and parotid glands) (Figure 40-3) secrete about 1 L of saliva per
day.
What does saliva consist of? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Saliva consists
mostly of water that contains varying amounts of mucus, sodium,
bicarbonate, chloride, potassium, and salivary α-amylase
(ptyalin), an enzyme that initiates carbohydrate digestion in the
mouth and stomach.
, 4
The pharynx and upper third of the esophagus contain - ✔✔✔
Correct Answer > striated muscle innervated by skeletal motor
neurons.
Swallowing occurs in two phases: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > the
oropharyngeal (voluntary) phase and the esophageal
(involuntary) phase. During the oral and pharyngeal phases of
swallowing, food is segmented into a bolus by the tongue and
forced posteriorly toward the pharynx as the tongue pushes
upward against the hard palate.
Pyloric sphincter, - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > relaxes as food is propelled
into the duodenum.
Functional areas of the stomach are the - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > the
fundus (upper portion), body (middle portion), and antrum (lower
portion).
Blood is supplied to the stomach by branches of the - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > celiac artery
The vagus nerve - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > provides parasympathetic
innervation and branches of the celiac plexus innervate the
stomach sympathetically.
