PSYC 140 Module 7 Lockdown Exam & Review
| Portage Learning | 2025 Updated Version
Module question: Give an overview of the types of physical changes that occur in early
adulthood. Why is this type of development considered multidirectional? - ANSWER>>The list
given in this module shows an overview of certain types of physical decline:
-Maximum heart rate may gradually decrease
-Respiratory capacity gradually decreases (becomes noticeable after age 25 under heavy exercise
conditions)
-Lens of the eye stiffens, thickens
-Sensitivity to sound at high frequencies decreases
-Fast-twitch muscles decline in size and amount
Multidirectional indicates that there are both declines and improvements in the same person
during this time period.
Module question: What did this Module say about differences in sexual behavior between
married and unmarried couples? - ANSWER>>Married couples report having more sex than
unmarried individuals.
Module question: How would you summarize the information on the likelihood of couples
divorcing? Were you surprised by any of the information regarding divorce statistics? Why or
why not? - ANSWER>>Your ANSWER should include the following: a discussion of how the
"50%" figure is not a literal number but is rather a projection of the likelihood of couples to
divorce at the present time. This rate might be much higher or much lower for any particular
couple. If you reverse the trends discussed in this module, you can see that the odds for a
particular couple to get a divorce are higher if: money is tight, if the couple have a child before
marrying, if at least one partner was a child of a divorce, if neither partner is religious, and if
one partner never attended college.
Module question: How would you summarize postformal thought? How does postformal
thought differ from Piaget's formal operations? - ANSWER>>Although different theories
,describe this stage (and although there is controversy over whether adults actually reach this
stage!), it generally consists of being able to reflect and make more complex judgments, and
seeing multiple perspectives and points of view.
Although people in formal operations demonstrate abstract thinking, postformal thought shows
more flexibility and humility as people see multiple perspectives.
Module question: Can you see examples of postformal thinking in your own life or in the lives
of others you know? How would you classify that example using Perry's stages? -
ANSWER>>[Note]ANSWERs will vary, but should identify one of Perry's 3 stages (dualistic,
multiple thinking, commitment within relativism).
An example of postformal thinking in my life might be how I approach political debates. In my
younger years, I may have thought in more dualistic terms—believing my viewpoint was
"right" and the opposing side was "wrong." Over time, I've come to recognize that many issues
have multiple valid perspectives and that understanding different viewpoints requires
considering the complexities and nuances behind them. For instance, when discussing
healthcare policy, I can see valid concerns on both sides of the debate, such as the need for
universal healthcare and the challenges of its funding. This shift from black-and-white thinking
to appreciating multiple perspectives aligns with Perry's multiple thinking stage. Additionally,
after reflecting on the different viewpoints, I've made an informed decision about what I believe
should be prioritized in policy, which aligns with commitment within relativism, recognizing
the validity of other perspectives but making a commitment to my own beliefs based on the
information and arguments I find most compelling.
Module question: Describe Sternberg's three components of love. - ANSWER>>Intimacy:
emotional connectedness, involves warm communication. Passion: biological closeness, sexual
and romantic feelings. Commitment: cognitive component, a decision to stay together.
Module question: Choose three of the 7 types of love discussed in this module and create a
profile of a fictional couple that exemplifies these types of love. - ANSWER>>Lena and Jake's
relationship evolves through three types of love as described by Sternberg. Initially, they
experience infatuation, marked by intense passion and physical attraction with little emotional
connection or commitment. Over time, their relationship deepens into companionate love,
where their emotional bond grows, and they commit to each other's well-being, though the
initial passion fades. Years later, their love matures into consummate love, where they combine
intimacy, passion, and commitment, resulting in a deep, lasting connection. Their journey
, reflects how love can evolve from excitement and physical attraction to a stable, fulfilling
partnership, with each stage building upon the previous one.
Module question: Identify common symptoms of menopause. - ANSWER>>Mood fluctuations,
hot flashes, shrinking of reproductive organs, difficulties becoming sexually aroused, decreased
skin elasticity, loss of bone mass, raised blood pressure.
Module question: Why don't all women experience symptoms of menopause? - ANSWER>>A
woman's experience of menopause depends on a variety of factors, including race and culture.
Module question: What are the pros and cons of hormone therapy? - ANSWER>>Pros: Most
effective treatment for menopausal symptoms, protect against osteoporosis. Cons: Increased
risk of certain cancers—breast, uterine, heart attack, stroke in some women.
Module question: What cognitive improvements can be observed in middle age, according to
the Seattle Longitudinal Study? - ANSWER>>Verbal abilities/increased vocabulary, spatial
reasoning, simple math/problem solving, abstract reasoning.
Module question: Given what you learned in this module, how would you respond to the claim,
"everyone goes through a mid-life crisis"? - ANSWER>>Suggested response: It is actually untrue
that all middle aged adults experience a mid-life crisis. On the contrary, very few adults do, and
those who do tend to be men who feel that they were prevented in some way from achieving
some major life goal. It is a far more typical experience for a middle aged adult to experience a
time of transition as they take stock of where they are in life, where they've been, and where
they'd like to be.
Module question: Reflection questions: What are your thoughts about whether most emerging
adults are successfully launched? Also, do you know of any adult who epitomizes the
"sandwich generation"? If so, what roles and responsibilities does this individual have? Does
he/she show signs of caregiver strain? - ANSWER>>Most emerging adults today experience a
more gradual process of "launching," where they may come and go from the family home
multiple times rather than leaving all at once. This extended transition is influenced by societal
changes like longer education and financial pressures, which create emotional and financial
strain for middle-aged parents who continue to support their adult children. While this fluid
| Portage Learning | 2025 Updated Version
Module question: Give an overview of the types of physical changes that occur in early
adulthood. Why is this type of development considered multidirectional? - ANSWER>>The list
given in this module shows an overview of certain types of physical decline:
-Maximum heart rate may gradually decrease
-Respiratory capacity gradually decreases (becomes noticeable after age 25 under heavy exercise
conditions)
-Lens of the eye stiffens, thickens
-Sensitivity to sound at high frequencies decreases
-Fast-twitch muscles decline in size and amount
Multidirectional indicates that there are both declines and improvements in the same person
during this time period.
Module question: What did this Module say about differences in sexual behavior between
married and unmarried couples? - ANSWER>>Married couples report having more sex than
unmarried individuals.
Module question: How would you summarize the information on the likelihood of couples
divorcing? Were you surprised by any of the information regarding divorce statistics? Why or
why not? - ANSWER>>Your ANSWER should include the following: a discussion of how the
"50%" figure is not a literal number but is rather a projection of the likelihood of couples to
divorce at the present time. This rate might be much higher or much lower for any particular
couple. If you reverse the trends discussed in this module, you can see that the odds for a
particular couple to get a divorce are higher if: money is tight, if the couple have a child before
marrying, if at least one partner was a child of a divorce, if neither partner is religious, and if
one partner never attended college.
Module question: How would you summarize postformal thought? How does postformal
thought differ from Piaget's formal operations? - ANSWER>>Although different theories
,describe this stage (and although there is controversy over whether adults actually reach this
stage!), it generally consists of being able to reflect and make more complex judgments, and
seeing multiple perspectives and points of view.
Although people in formal operations demonstrate abstract thinking, postformal thought shows
more flexibility and humility as people see multiple perspectives.
Module question: Can you see examples of postformal thinking in your own life or in the lives
of others you know? How would you classify that example using Perry's stages? -
ANSWER>>[Note]ANSWERs will vary, but should identify one of Perry's 3 stages (dualistic,
multiple thinking, commitment within relativism).
An example of postformal thinking in my life might be how I approach political debates. In my
younger years, I may have thought in more dualistic terms—believing my viewpoint was
"right" and the opposing side was "wrong." Over time, I've come to recognize that many issues
have multiple valid perspectives and that understanding different viewpoints requires
considering the complexities and nuances behind them. For instance, when discussing
healthcare policy, I can see valid concerns on both sides of the debate, such as the need for
universal healthcare and the challenges of its funding. This shift from black-and-white thinking
to appreciating multiple perspectives aligns with Perry's multiple thinking stage. Additionally,
after reflecting on the different viewpoints, I've made an informed decision about what I believe
should be prioritized in policy, which aligns with commitment within relativism, recognizing
the validity of other perspectives but making a commitment to my own beliefs based on the
information and arguments I find most compelling.
Module question: Describe Sternberg's three components of love. - ANSWER>>Intimacy:
emotional connectedness, involves warm communication. Passion: biological closeness, sexual
and romantic feelings. Commitment: cognitive component, a decision to stay together.
Module question: Choose three of the 7 types of love discussed in this module and create a
profile of a fictional couple that exemplifies these types of love. - ANSWER>>Lena and Jake's
relationship evolves through three types of love as described by Sternberg. Initially, they
experience infatuation, marked by intense passion and physical attraction with little emotional
connection or commitment. Over time, their relationship deepens into companionate love,
where their emotional bond grows, and they commit to each other's well-being, though the
initial passion fades. Years later, their love matures into consummate love, where they combine
intimacy, passion, and commitment, resulting in a deep, lasting connection. Their journey
, reflects how love can evolve from excitement and physical attraction to a stable, fulfilling
partnership, with each stage building upon the previous one.
Module question: Identify common symptoms of menopause. - ANSWER>>Mood fluctuations,
hot flashes, shrinking of reproductive organs, difficulties becoming sexually aroused, decreased
skin elasticity, loss of bone mass, raised blood pressure.
Module question: Why don't all women experience symptoms of menopause? - ANSWER>>A
woman's experience of menopause depends on a variety of factors, including race and culture.
Module question: What are the pros and cons of hormone therapy? - ANSWER>>Pros: Most
effective treatment for menopausal symptoms, protect against osteoporosis. Cons: Increased
risk of certain cancers—breast, uterine, heart attack, stroke in some women.
Module question: What cognitive improvements can be observed in middle age, according to
the Seattle Longitudinal Study? - ANSWER>>Verbal abilities/increased vocabulary, spatial
reasoning, simple math/problem solving, abstract reasoning.
Module question: Given what you learned in this module, how would you respond to the claim,
"everyone goes through a mid-life crisis"? - ANSWER>>Suggested response: It is actually untrue
that all middle aged adults experience a mid-life crisis. On the contrary, very few adults do, and
those who do tend to be men who feel that they were prevented in some way from achieving
some major life goal. It is a far more typical experience for a middle aged adult to experience a
time of transition as they take stock of where they are in life, where they've been, and where
they'd like to be.
Module question: Reflection questions: What are your thoughts about whether most emerging
adults are successfully launched? Also, do you know of any adult who epitomizes the
"sandwich generation"? If so, what roles and responsibilities does this individual have? Does
he/she show signs of caregiver strain? - ANSWER>>Most emerging adults today experience a
more gradual process of "launching," where they may come and go from the family home
multiple times rather than leaving all at once. This extended transition is influenced by societal
changes like longer education and financial pressures, which create emotional and financial
strain for middle-aged parents who continue to support their adult children. While this fluid
