ATI Pharmacology Proctored
1. A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure
disorder. The medication has a long half-life of 4 days. How many
times per day should the nurse expect to administer this medication?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
A. One
(Medications with long half-lives remain at their therapeutic levels
between doses for long periods of time. The nurse should expect to
administer this medication once a day.)
2. A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that
influence medication metabolism with a group of nurses at an in-
service presentation. Which of the following factors should the
educator include as a reason to administer lower medication dosages?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Increased renal secretion
B. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
C. Liver failure
D. Peripheral vascular disease
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
C. Liver failure
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
C. Liver failure decreases metabolism and thus increases the
concentration of a medication. This requires decreasing the dosage.
E. When the same pathway metabolizes two medications, they
compete for metabolism, thereby increasing the concentration of one
or both medications. This requires decreasing the dosage of one or
both
3. A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A. Have the client lie on her side.
B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
, C. Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.
D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
(B. The client should look upward to keep the drops from falling onto
her cornea.
D. The nurse should drop the medication into the
center of the conjunctival sac to promote distribution.
E. The client should close her eye gently to promote distribution of
the medication)
4. A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new
prescription for transdermal patches. Which of the following
statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client
understands the instructions?
A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the
patch."
B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly."
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
(The client should apply the patch to a hairless area of skin to
promote absorption of the medication.)
5. A nurse reviewing a client's medical record notes a new prescription
for verifying the trough level of the client's medication. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the
next dose of medication.
B. Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hr
before obtaining a blood specimen.
C. Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of
medication.
D. Administer the medication,and obtain a blood specimen 30 min
late
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the
next dose of medication.
, (To verify trough levels of a medication, the nurse should obtain a
blood specimen immediately before administering the next dose of
medication.)
6. A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take in following legal practice guidelines?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Maintain skill competency.
B. Determine the dosage.
C. Monitor for adverse effects.
D. Safeguard medications.
E. Identify the client's diagnosis
A. Maintain skill competency.
C. Monitor for adverse effects.
D. Safeguard medications.
(A.maintaining skill competency and using appropriate administration
techniques are legal responsibilities of the nurse
C. A nurse is legally responsible for monitoring for side and adverse
effects of medication
D. Safeguarding of medications, such as controlled substances, is a
legal responsibility of the nurse)
7. A nurse reviewing a client's health record notes a new prescription for
Lisinopril 10 mg PO once every day. The nurse should identify this as
which of the following types of prescription?
A. Single
B. Stat
C. Routine
D. Standing
C. Routine
(A routine or standard prescription identifies medications to give on a
regular schedule with or without a termination date or a specific
number of doses. The nurse will administer
this medication every day until the provider discontinues it.)
, 8. A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for Ondansetron 4 mg PO
PRN for nausea and vomiting for a client who has Hyperemesis
Gravidarum. The nurse should clarify which of the following parts of
the prescription with the provider?
A. Name
B. Dosage
C. Route
D. Frequency
D. Frequency
(This prescription does not include the time or frequency of
medication administration. The nurse must clarify this with the
prescribing provide)
9. A nurse is admitting a client and completing a preassessment before
administering medications. Which of the following data should the
nurse include in the preassessment? (Select all that apply.)
A. Use of herbal teas
B. Daily fluid intake
C. Current health status
D. Previous surgical history
E. Food allergies
A. Use of herbal teas
C. Current health status
E. Food allergies
(A. The nurse should inquire about the client's use of herbal products,
which often contain caffeine, prior to medication administration
because caffeine can affect medication biotransformation
C. The nurse should review the client's current health status because
new prescriptions can cause alterations in current health status
E. The nurse should inquire about food allergies during the
preassessment to identify any potential reactions or interactions)
10. A nurse orienting a newly licensed nurse is reviewing the procedure
for taking a telephone prescription. Which of the following statements
should the nurse identify as an indication that the newly licensed
nurse understands the process?
1. A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure
disorder. The medication has a long half-life of 4 days. How many
times per day should the nurse expect to administer this medication?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
A. One
(Medications with long half-lives remain at their therapeutic levels
between doses for long periods of time. The nurse should expect to
administer this medication once a day.)
2. A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that
influence medication metabolism with a group of nurses at an in-
service presentation. Which of the following factors should the
educator include as a reason to administer lower medication dosages?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Increased renal secretion
B. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
C. Liver failure
D. Peripheral vascular disease
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
C. Liver failure
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
C. Liver failure decreases metabolism and thus increases the
concentration of a medication. This requires decreasing the dosage.
E. When the same pathway metabolizes two medications, they
compete for metabolism, thereby increasing the concentration of one
or both medications. This requires decreasing the dosage of one or
both
3. A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A. Have the client lie on her side.
B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
, C. Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.
D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
(B. The client should look upward to keep the drops from falling onto
her cornea.
D. The nurse should drop the medication into the
center of the conjunctival sac to promote distribution.
E. The client should close her eye gently to promote distribution of
the medication)
4. A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new
prescription for transdermal patches. Which of the following
statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client
understands the instructions?
A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the
patch."
B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly."
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
(The client should apply the patch to a hairless area of skin to
promote absorption of the medication.)
5. A nurse reviewing a client's medical record notes a new prescription
for verifying the trough level of the client's medication. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the
next dose of medication.
B. Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hr
before obtaining a blood specimen.
C. Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of
medication.
D. Administer the medication,and obtain a blood specimen 30 min
late
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the
next dose of medication.
, (To verify trough levels of a medication, the nurse should obtain a
blood specimen immediately before administering the next dose of
medication.)
6. A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take in following legal practice guidelines?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Maintain skill competency.
B. Determine the dosage.
C. Monitor for adverse effects.
D. Safeguard medications.
E. Identify the client's diagnosis
A. Maintain skill competency.
C. Monitor for adverse effects.
D. Safeguard medications.
(A.maintaining skill competency and using appropriate administration
techniques are legal responsibilities of the nurse
C. A nurse is legally responsible for monitoring for side and adverse
effects of medication
D. Safeguarding of medications, such as controlled substances, is a
legal responsibility of the nurse)
7. A nurse reviewing a client's health record notes a new prescription for
Lisinopril 10 mg PO once every day. The nurse should identify this as
which of the following types of prescription?
A. Single
B. Stat
C. Routine
D. Standing
C. Routine
(A routine or standard prescription identifies medications to give on a
regular schedule with or without a termination date or a specific
number of doses. The nurse will administer
this medication every day until the provider discontinues it.)
, 8. A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for Ondansetron 4 mg PO
PRN for nausea and vomiting for a client who has Hyperemesis
Gravidarum. The nurse should clarify which of the following parts of
the prescription with the provider?
A. Name
B. Dosage
C. Route
D. Frequency
D. Frequency
(This prescription does not include the time or frequency of
medication administration. The nurse must clarify this with the
prescribing provide)
9. A nurse is admitting a client and completing a preassessment before
administering medications. Which of the following data should the
nurse include in the preassessment? (Select all that apply.)
A. Use of herbal teas
B. Daily fluid intake
C. Current health status
D. Previous surgical history
E. Food allergies
A. Use of herbal teas
C. Current health status
E. Food allergies
(A. The nurse should inquire about the client's use of herbal products,
which often contain caffeine, prior to medication administration
because caffeine can affect medication biotransformation
C. The nurse should review the client's current health status because
new prescriptions can cause alterations in current health status
E. The nurse should inquire about food allergies during the
preassessment to identify any potential reactions or interactions)
10. A nurse orienting a newly licensed nurse is reviewing the procedure
for taking a telephone prescription. Which of the following statements
should the nurse identify as an indication that the newly licensed
nurse understands the process?
