Samenvatting Analytische chemie H3 Zuren & Basen

H3 : Zuren & basen

1) water constante
bij25
kw = waterconstante =
[H0] [OH] 10-14 (mal
a [H3 05] [OH] 1014
. =

. =

constante-idhisator constante
=
motoyse
=>
plossing [Hot][0]COH (HNot
neutrale
C
- : = = Anal

plossing
zure
tarroging 0 [ON] [0 lot ma (oH1ot
mag en
> >
-

S
in = =>
>
C
= lausche
oplasting Gareging
(Oh] [oh] (0) Not
= en Ot] En
And 0107tude
2) NH
metingen
NH =
-lag [30]esMonon
zot] = Mot
Noh =

log [oht en Cont =




=>
H a
ROH =
14 o
PH 14-pOt=




3) steckte van zuren


Zirconstante =

Kze bareconstante
[BJe
↳ Ho PK2 har stecker zum had pkz ha sterber zur
Jake -lag
wo =


↳ Hoe ↑ ke to ha stesker lave a har apke-ha sterker base
↑ Ka =

-logke
=
K2 Kn . =

ete
[o] H J Kuh = =




Ka
=> +
Nkf 14 =




4) pH
berekeningen
4 1) .




oplossingen terke zuren
van Zuren :


neutraal waten
S:
-
Sanvang
H20 HeO HOT OH- +
:
-o r

>
- [H, 00] TOH-] 17
= =


↳ opla en
-
van sterk zum
vb .
HCe -HaO m
HO'a Ce
-




H, 0
+
=evenwicht [H0] verstord
=>
vorming nieume en [at]

s nieuwe [H30TJzar= [H30Tw + [H30 ] +



3: dissociati 100 % = = X =1
-




HI serk zu = s
insahirgradA
: outellen concentralietabel

HC + 20 -Hot C
B: Ca X O

R:
Gsteckzu
-
X .

C2 + X (2
.



et en
E: (2 -


X(2 x+ al
serkLu O Xt
C Ca
↳ # [H30"]w

· pH =
-log [0] maar 0= X+ 1 zo
,
=

-Lag (x + (2). %

mogelijkhid
=>
bot
ununvondigings
pH =


-lag (

, conditie
verunvondiging(x weg haten)
#30 ]w +
< 5% [Hg0t]2
G =
#Hy Otgenamd Lelf ha dat zum al Zijn Hs0t heft genand
dar water



o
5 %A



↳ OK :
PH
↳niet okits
=

-log (a
a besekenen 1014 (x + (2)
: Kw [Hgor]
= · [Oh]
o = ·
X

=
PH =

-log(x + (2)

3 2) .



glossingen van zuren : Zwakke zuren
-



begin sterk zum


↳aurakke zuren 0 < 1 !

HA- AgO >
-
AgOt a A beaufhanden
Je [0 ]
B: K2 =
+

C [Hot] w O
·




X(
Las 10-7
Ri - =
x .
(2) + X ↓X [A] e
(107+ x)
E: (2-X 102 + X X =
22-

?
verenvardigingen ↳
beseken intgaande datvereuse
. OK.




et3
nive :jot] <*= Kata -

beide Ok
a 107X =s
geheit formule Lah Lu
↳
ph = lag (k2 () ·




↳X ↓
= nog
studs
-Cnet Ok MH =
-Lag X



pHaz =
-Flag (K2 ()
(ka-
-




Ka gehit form berekenen togestaan = .
22
.
.
Niet

tag
=
↳nieuwe x
Ka = =
En x Kalle-x)
=

-logit1 = volgesme(K C-
X


-log
=
22
NH -lagx
>
-
+
on a + Kex-kzz = 0 = X =




D =
K2 -4(kc()
↳ enkel 12 Ok == x
=
K+ 4 Kala
=
Ka
kz (kzrh(a)
(x=
K2 = volgensverennendigig
=




-2et
= & verenrondiging noctmen nodig
&



3 3) .




oploungen var basen : sterke hasen


Analog sterk zur" :
Ce
COH]wL5 [OA]e [H30 ] [OH]
+
% -



↳ OK :
pott -logle = NH-pOt (wbeekend
=
ph 14-pOt
14 +
log(e
=

ph
b Nietok
=a =




: Km[Hot]OH] = X(X + C) Xberekenen
poH -log(x + (e) =




⑳
pH 14 log(x (a)
= + +