N322 Exam 4 Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update 2025-2026
• A cancer patient should not receive these vaccines (what are some examples) - Answers Live
vaccines: MMR, Varicella (Chickenpox), influenza, smallpox, dengue
• Estrogen and Progesterone oral agents or patches can increase the risk of DVT and help
decrease the risk of osteoporosis, but are frequently used as - Answers Hormone Replacement
Therapies for menopause symptoms and osteoporosis prevention
• An oral steroid, tacrolimus (Prograf), and this other medication are often given together to
prevent organ rejection and should never be stopped. - Answers Mycophenolate mofetil
(cellcept) or mycophenolate sodium (myfortic)
• The herbals Ginkgo, Garlic, Ginseng all have this side effect (herbals can interfere with other
meds!) - Answers Abnormal or prolonged bleeding; increased risk of bleeding and bruising,
especially when used with blood thinners
• Interferon Betas are often used to treat Multiple Sclerosis (MS), while Interferon Alphas are
used to treat - Answers Viral infections and cancers; leukemia, melanoma, lymphoma,
carcinoma, hepatitis B and C infections
• Dinoprostone is generally used for this purpose and has an expected side effect of fever -
Answers Used to induce labor and can also be used for termination of pregnancy
• This drug is only used in women who have IBS with diarrhea, but can cause ischemia bowel
and/or bowel obstruction - Answers Alosetron
• Patients with a heart history should avoid this medication, especially if on isosorbide
mononitrate - Answers avoid sildenafil (and other phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors such as
tadalafil and vardenafil). The combination of isosorbide mononitrate (a nitrate used for angina)
with sildenafil can cause severe, life-threatening hypotension (dangerously low blood pressure
• This drug is used primarily for nausea and vomiting and can help increase GI motility in
patients with a high residual that is receiving tube feeds - Answers Metoclopramide acts as a
prokinetic agent, speeding the movement of food through the stomach and intestines, which is
particularly beneficial for patients with delayed gastric emptying or gastroparesis
• Females prone to migraines may not be great candidates for - Answers Females prone to
migraines may not be great candidates for phosphodiesterase inhibitors-including both PDE-3
inhibitors (such as cilostazol) and PDE-5 inhibitors (such as sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil)-
because these medications can trigger migraine attacks or migraine-like headaches
• If you haven't had a BM in a few days, it's best you don't take this constipation agent, because
it takes a couple days to work. Drink it with plenty of water! - Answers Bulk-Forming Laxatives
Psyllium (Metamucil)
,Surfactant Laxatives
Docusate Sodium (Colace)
Osmotic Laxatives
Lactulose (also for ^NH3)
• This chemotherapy can cause red excrement and reduced cardiac function - Answers
doxorubicin
• Side effects of PPI include Pneumonia, C Diff, Hypomagnesemia, and this....... - Answers
Increased fracture risks, particularly hip fractures
• Placing this patch on the thigh, back, abd, or arms can help a guy keep his mojo, but can cause
side effects such as leg swelling and chest pain...and NEVER give to a female or a child...so
wash hands after applying! - Answers Testosterone transdermal patch
• This Pregnancy Category X drug has been used to treat bleeding ulcers, postpartum bleeding,
and can induce labor, abortion, or help in failed miscarriages. - Answers Misoprostol (cytotec)
• AST 200, ALT 65, T score of -2.5, LDL 170, GLUC 175, and Nausea might be seen in a patient
has been taking this drug and is having adverse effects - Answers A patient taking a statin (such
as atorvastatin, simvastatin, or rosuvastatin) may experience elevated liver enzymes, high LDL
(if the drug is not effective or not taken as prescribed), increased glucose, and nausea as
adverse effects
• Patients receiving finasteride should have baseline assessment and continuous monitoring of
this lab - Answers prostate-specific antigen (PSA), as finasteride lowers PSA levels and can
mask signs of prostate cancer
• Oxytocin can be used to - Answers Control postpartum hemorrhage by promoting uterine
contractions, evacuate uterine debris post-partum
• Osteoporosis is a possible side effect of this drug, used to treat endometriosis in women and
prostate cancer in men - Answers finasteride
• This drug is a stimulant sometimes used for opioid induced constipation and should be
avoided in those with anorexia nervosa and in patients that already have the 'trots'! - Answers
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Castor Oil
• This drug is generally taken long term, should not be crushed and can cause some ejaculation
disorders, headaches, and low bp - Answers Finasteride
• A woman taking this drug should watch closely for uterine bleeding which is a sign they may
, have developed uterine cancer - Answers Finasteride
• This drug used for urinary retention in a MS patient, as well as others should be avoided in
patients with reactive and obstructive airway diseases - Answers anticholinergic (antimuscarinic)
medication, such as oxybutynin or tolterodine
• This medication is given with leuprolide to minimize symptom flare in the first couple of weeks
- Answers antiandrogen, such as flutamide, bicalutamide, nilutamide, or cyproterone acetate
• Vincristine can cause extreme neuropathy as well as this symptom - Answers Constipation
due to its effects on autonomic nerves, leading to decreased bowel motility
• This drug helps by stimulating the opioid receptors, produces euphoria, and produces
anticholinergic effects such as constipation and dry mouth. - Answers opioid (such as morphine,
oxycodone)
• Bone Marrow Suppression, Flu-like symptoms/Diarrhea, Fever, Chills, and this are symptoms
that all of the interferon medications have in common - Answers fatigue
• Hot flashes, breast pain, weight gain, abdominal/pelvic pain, and vision changes are all
common with this infertility treatment medication - Answers clomiphene (clomiphene citrate).
Clomiphene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) commonly used to induce
ovulation in women with infertility.
Clarithromycin-based Triple Therapy: includes PPI, clarithromycin, PCN or Metronidazole -
Answers Some meds are given alone, but it's more effective as a combination: triple, quadruple,
sequential
MOA - various antibacterials when H Pylori infection is confirmed
Therapeutic Use: Treatment of H Pylori Infection
Complex regime makes compliance difficult (up to 12 pills a day)
SE: diarrhea/nausea is primary concern
Depending on drug combination used
Metronidazole has risk of disulfiram/antabuse reaction
Reaction to alcohol which causes flushing, fever, chills, nausea, headache, sweating,
palpitations, chest pains, difficulty breathing, dizziness, weakness, confusion, and anxiety
** ranitidine (Zantac), famotidine (Pepcid), cimetidine (Tagamet) - Answers Acid Reducing
Agents: Histamine 2 Receptor Antagonist / H2 Blockers
MOA: Block H2 receptor of acid producing parietal cells
• A cancer patient should not receive these vaccines (what are some examples) - Answers Live
vaccines: MMR, Varicella (Chickenpox), influenza, smallpox, dengue
• Estrogen and Progesterone oral agents or patches can increase the risk of DVT and help
decrease the risk of osteoporosis, but are frequently used as - Answers Hormone Replacement
Therapies for menopause symptoms and osteoporosis prevention
• An oral steroid, tacrolimus (Prograf), and this other medication are often given together to
prevent organ rejection and should never be stopped. - Answers Mycophenolate mofetil
(cellcept) or mycophenolate sodium (myfortic)
• The herbals Ginkgo, Garlic, Ginseng all have this side effect (herbals can interfere with other
meds!) - Answers Abnormal or prolonged bleeding; increased risk of bleeding and bruising,
especially when used with blood thinners
• Interferon Betas are often used to treat Multiple Sclerosis (MS), while Interferon Alphas are
used to treat - Answers Viral infections and cancers; leukemia, melanoma, lymphoma,
carcinoma, hepatitis B and C infections
• Dinoprostone is generally used for this purpose and has an expected side effect of fever -
Answers Used to induce labor and can also be used for termination of pregnancy
• This drug is only used in women who have IBS with diarrhea, but can cause ischemia bowel
and/or bowel obstruction - Answers Alosetron
• Patients with a heart history should avoid this medication, especially if on isosorbide
mononitrate - Answers avoid sildenafil (and other phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors such as
tadalafil and vardenafil). The combination of isosorbide mononitrate (a nitrate used for angina)
with sildenafil can cause severe, life-threatening hypotension (dangerously low blood pressure
• This drug is used primarily for nausea and vomiting and can help increase GI motility in
patients with a high residual that is receiving tube feeds - Answers Metoclopramide acts as a
prokinetic agent, speeding the movement of food through the stomach and intestines, which is
particularly beneficial for patients with delayed gastric emptying or gastroparesis
• Females prone to migraines may not be great candidates for - Answers Females prone to
migraines may not be great candidates for phosphodiesterase inhibitors-including both PDE-3
inhibitors (such as cilostazol) and PDE-5 inhibitors (such as sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil)-
because these medications can trigger migraine attacks or migraine-like headaches
• If you haven't had a BM in a few days, it's best you don't take this constipation agent, because
it takes a couple days to work. Drink it with plenty of water! - Answers Bulk-Forming Laxatives
Psyllium (Metamucil)
,Surfactant Laxatives
Docusate Sodium (Colace)
Osmotic Laxatives
Lactulose (also for ^NH3)
• This chemotherapy can cause red excrement and reduced cardiac function - Answers
doxorubicin
• Side effects of PPI include Pneumonia, C Diff, Hypomagnesemia, and this....... - Answers
Increased fracture risks, particularly hip fractures
• Placing this patch on the thigh, back, abd, or arms can help a guy keep his mojo, but can cause
side effects such as leg swelling and chest pain...and NEVER give to a female or a child...so
wash hands after applying! - Answers Testosterone transdermal patch
• This Pregnancy Category X drug has been used to treat bleeding ulcers, postpartum bleeding,
and can induce labor, abortion, or help in failed miscarriages. - Answers Misoprostol (cytotec)
• AST 200, ALT 65, T score of -2.5, LDL 170, GLUC 175, and Nausea might be seen in a patient
has been taking this drug and is having adverse effects - Answers A patient taking a statin (such
as atorvastatin, simvastatin, or rosuvastatin) may experience elevated liver enzymes, high LDL
(if the drug is not effective or not taken as prescribed), increased glucose, and nausea as
adverse effects
• Patients receiving finasteride should have baseline assessment and continuous monitoring of
this lab - Answers prostate-specific antigen (PSA), as finasteride lowers PSA levels and can
mask signs of prostate cancer
• Oxytocin can be used to - Answers Control postpartum hemorrhage by promoting uterine
contractions, evacuate uterine debris post-partum
• Osteoporosis is a possible side effect of this drug, used to treat endometriosis in women and
prostate cancer in men - Answers finasteride
• This drug is a stimulant sometimes used for opioid induced constipation and should be
avoided in those with anorexia nervosa and in patients that already have the 'trots'! - Answers
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Castor Oil
• This drug is generally taken long term, should not be crushed and can cause some ejaculation
disorders, headaches, and low bp - Answers Finasteride
• A woman taking this drug should watch closely for uterine bleeding which is a sign they may
, have developed uterine cancer - Answers Finasteride
• This drug used for urinary retention in a MS patient, as well as others should be avoided in
patients with reactive and obstructive airway diseases - Answers anticholinergic (antimuscarinic)
medication, such as oxybutynin or tolterodine
• This medication is given with leuprolide to minimize symptom flare in the first couple of weeks
- Answers antiandrogen, such as flutamide, bicalutamide, nilutamide, or cyproterone acetate
• Vincristine can cause extreme neuropathy as well as this symptom - Answers Constipation
due to its effects on autonomic nerves, leading to decreased bowel motility
• This drug helps by stimulating the opioid receptors, produces euphoria, and produces
anticholinergic effects such as constipation and dry mouth. - Answers opioid (such as morphine,
oxycodone)
• Bone Marrow Suppression, Flu-like symptoms/Diarrhea, Fever, Chills, and this are symptoms
that all of the interferon medications have in common - Answers fatigue
• Hot flashes, breast pain, weight gain, abdominal/pelvic pain, and vision changes are all
common with this infertility treatment medication - Answers clomiphene (clomiphene citrate).
Clomiphene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) commonly used to induce
ovulation in women with infertility.
Clarithromycin-based Triple Therapy: includes PPI, clarithromycin, PCN or Metronidazole -
Answers Some meds are given alone, but it's more effective as a combination: triple, quadruple,
sequential
MOA - various antibacterials when H Pylori infection is confirmed
Therapeutic Use: Treatment of H Pylori Infection
Complex regime makes compliance difficult (up to 12 pills a day)
SE: diarrhea/nausea is primary concern
Depending on drug combination used
Metronidazole has risk of disulfiram/antabuse reaction
Reaction to alcohol which causes flushing, fever, chills, nausea, headache, sweating,
palpitations, chest pains, difficulty breathing, dizziness, weakness, confusion, and anxiety
** ranitidine (Zantac), famotidine (Pepcid), cimetidine (Tagamet) - Answers Acid Reducing
Agents: Histamine 2 Receptor Antagonist / H2 Blockers
MOA: Block H2 receptor of acid producing parietal cells
