PSYC 388 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Are circadian rhythms made by individual cells or neural networks? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Rhythms
can be within individual cells and be arranged into networks
Transcription-translation feedback loop - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Mechanism regulating gene expression
in circadian rhythms.
What are the two possibilities of the black box? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Individual neurons in SCN
might be circadian oscillators, or neurons will produce a circadian rhythm along side other neurons
Question when identifying SCN neurons? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Do they run with the same
periodcity? Do they have their own clocks?
Do neurons in the SCN have the same periodcity? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅NO some are >24hr and
others <24hr
cell autonomous - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅referring to cell processes that are directed by the cell itself
rather than being under the influence of other cells
negative feedback loop - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A feedback loop that causes a system to change in the
opposite direction from which it is moving
Compared to to PER when did the mRNA rhythm peak in fruit flies? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅6hrs before
what is the negative feedback in flies? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅PER-TIM
What is the positive feedback loop in flies? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅(CLOCK-CYC)
TIM and PRC - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Peaks during the night. When light is flashed early in the night, the
TIM levels are lowered and where they would be earlier that day.
, High levels of PER protein cause what? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Negative feedback loop and lower Per
gene activation
PER protein cycle steps - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Transcription and translation
feedback
Inhibition
PER degradation
Cycle repetition
Synchronization
PER transcription - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Per gene is transcribed into mRNA and translated to PER
protein
Feedback PER - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅PER protein w TIM protein enter the nucleus
Inhibition of PER - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅PER and TIM inhibit transcription of PER gene
PER degradation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅PER protein is degraded and there is no more inhibition
Reporter gene - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅inserted into the genome, under control of a clock gene. when
clock is activated so is the reporter
population of SCN in rodents - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅8000 on each side
is the SCN rhythmic at the tissue level - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅no cells have independent rhythms
how can coupling be maipulated? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅constant light
aging
Are circadian rhythms made by individual cells or neural networks? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Rhythms
can be within individual cells and be arranged into networks
Transcription-translation feedback loop - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Mechanism regulating gene expression
in circadian rhythms.
What are the two possibilities of the black box? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Individual neurons in SCN
might be circadian oscillators, or neurons will produce a circadian rhythm along side other neurons
Question when identifying SCN neurons? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Do they run with the same
periodcity? Do they have their own clocks?
Do neurons in the SCN have the same periodcity? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅NO some are >24hr and
others <24hr
cell autonomous - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅referring to cell processes that are directed by the cell itself
rather than being under the influence of other cells
negative feedback loop - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A feedback loop that causes a system to change in the
opposite direction from which it is moving
Compared to to PER when did the mRNA rhythm peak in fruit flies? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅6hrs before
what is the negative feedback in flies? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅PER-TIM
What is the positive feedback loop in flies? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅(CLOCK-CYC)
TIM and PRC - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Peaks during the night. When light is flashed early in the night, the
TIM levels are lowered and where they would be earlier that day.
, High levels of PER protein cause what? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Negative feedback loop and lower Per
gene activation
PER protein cycle steps - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Transcription and translation
feedback
Inhibition
PER degradation
Cycle repetition
Synchronization
PER transcription - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Per gene is transcribed into mRNA and translated to PER
protein
Feedback PER - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅PER protein w TIM protein enter the nucleus
Inhibition of PER - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅PER and TIM inhibit transcription of PER gene
PER degradation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅PER protein is degraded and there is no more inhibition
Reporter gene - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅inserted into the genome, under control of a clock gene. when
clock is activated so is the reporter
population of SCN in rodents - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅8000 on each side
is the SCN rhythmic at the tissue level - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅no cells have independent rhythms
how can coupling be maipulated? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅constant light
aging
