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CCBC NURSING 160: EXAM 2 PREP ACTUAL
QUESTIONS WITH 100 VERIFIED SOLUTIONS |
GRADED A+
Which of the following is accurate pertaining to physical exercise and Type 1 DM?
a. Physical exercise can slow the progression of diabetes mellitus.
b. Strenuous exercise is beneficial when the blood glucose is high.
c. Patients who take insulin and engage in strenuous physical exercise might
experience hyperglycemia.
d. Adjusting insulin regimen allows for safe participation in all forms of exercise. -
correct-answer-*a. Physical exercise can slow the progression of diabetes
mellitus.*
Physical exercise slows the progression of diabetes mellitus, because exercise has
beneficial effects on carbohydrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
Strenuous exercise can cause retinal damage, and can cause hypoglycemia.
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Insulin and foods both must be adjusted to allow safe participation in exercise.
A patient newly diagnosed with Type I DM is being seen by the home health
nurse. The doctors orders include: 1200 calorie ADA diet, 15 units NPH insulin
before breakfast, and check blood sugar qid. When the nurse visits the patient at 5
pm, the nurse observes the man performing blood sugar analysis. The result is 50
mg/dL. The nurse would expect the patient to be
a. confused with cold, clammy skin an pulse of 110.
b. lethargic with hot, dry skin and rapid deep respirations.
c. alert and cooperative with BP of 130/80 and respirations of 12.
d. short of breath, with distended neck veins and bounding pulse of 96. -correct-
answer-*a. confused with cold, clammy skin an pulse of 110.*
Signs and symptoms indicative of hypoglycemia.
A patient with type 1 diabetes has received diet instruction as part of the
treatment plan. The nurse determines a need for additional instruction when the
patient says,
a. "I may have an occasional alcoholic drink if I include it in my meal plan."
b. "I will need a bedtime snack because I take an evening dose of NPH insulin."
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c. "I will eat meals as scheduled, even if I am not hungry, to prevent
hypoglycemia."
d. "I may eat whatever I want, as long as I use enough insulin to cover the
calories." -correct-answer-*d. "I may eat whatever I want, as long as I use enough
insulin to cover the calories."*
Rationale: Most patients with Type 1 diabetes need to plan diet choices very
carefully.
Patients who are using intensified insulin therapy have considerable flexibility in
diet choices but still should restrict dietary intake of items such as fat, protein, and
alcohol.
The other patient statements are correct and indicate good understanding of the
diet instruction.
A patient recovering from DKA asks the nurse how acidosis occurs. The best
response by the nurse is that:
a. insufficient insulin leads to cellular starvation, and as cells rupture they release
organic acids into the blood.
b. when an insulin deficit causes hyperglycemia, then proteins are deaminated by
the liver, causing acidic by-products.
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c. excess glucose in the blood is metabolized by the liver into acetone, which is
acidic.
d. an insulin deficit promotes metabolism of fat stores, which produces large
amounts of acidic ketones. -correct-answer-*d. an insulin deficit promotes
metabolism of fat stores, which produces large amounts of acidic ketones.*
Rationale: Ketoacidosis is caused by the breakdown of fat stores when glucose is
not available for intracellular metabolism. The other responses are inaccurate.
A patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120
mg/dl (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient about:
a. use of low doses of regular insulin.
b. self-monitoring of blood glucose.
c. oral hypoglycemic medications.
d. maintenance of a healthy weight. -correct-answer-*d. maintenance of a healthy
weight.*
Rationale: The patient's impaired fasting glucose indicates pre-diabetes and the
patient should be counseled about LIFESTYLE CHANGES to prevent the
development of Type 2 diabetes.
The patient with pre-diabetes does not require insulin or the oral hypoglycemics
for glucose control and does not need to self-monitor blood glucose.
CCBC NURSING 160: EXAM 2 PREP ACTUAL
QUESTIONS WITH 100 VERIFIED SOLUTIONS |
GRADED A+
Which of the following is accurate pertaining to physical exercise and Type 1 DM?
a. Physical exercise can slow the progression of diabetes mellitus.
b. Strenuous exercise is beneficial when the blood glucose is high.
c. Patients who take insulin and engage in strenuous physical exercise might
experience hyperglycemia.
d. Adjusting insulin regimen allows for safe participation in all forms of exercise. -
correct-answer-*a. Physical exercise can slow the progression of diabetes
mellitus.*
Physical exercise slows the progression of diabetes mellitus, because exercise has
beneficial effects on carbohydrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
Strenuous exercise can cause retinal damage, and can cause hypoglycemia.
,2|Page
Insulin and foods both must be adjusted to allow safe participation in exercise.
A patient newly diagnosed with Type I DM is being seen by the home health
nurse. The doctors orders include: 1200 calorie ADA diet, 15 units NPH insulin
before breakfast, and check blood sugar qid. When the nurse visits the patient at 5
pm, the nurse observes the man performing blood sugar analysis. The result is 50
mg/dL. The nurse would expect the patient to be
a. confused with cold, clammy skin an pulse of 110.
b. lethargic with hot, dry skin and rapid deep respirations.
c. alert and cooperative with BP of 130/80 and respirations of 12.
d. short of breath, with distended neck veins and bounding pulse of 96. -correct-
answer-*a. confused with cold, clammy skin an pulse of 110.*
Signs and symptoms indicative of hypoglycemia.
A patient with type 1 diabetes has received diet instruction as part of the
treatment plan. The nurse determines a need for additional instruction when the
patient says,
a. "I may have an occasional alcoholic drink if I include it in my meal plan."
b. "I will need a bedtime snack because I take an evening dose of NPH insulin."
,3|Page
c. "I will eat meals as scheduled, even if I am not hungry, to prevent
hypoglycemia."
d. "I may eat whatever I want, as long as I use enough insulin to cover the
calories." -correct-answer-*d. "I may eat whatever I want, as long as I use enough
insulin to cover the calories."*
Rationale: Most patients with Type 1 diabetes need to plan diet choices very
carefully.
Patients who are using intensified insulin therapy have considerable flexibility in
diet choices but still should restrict dietary intake of items such as fat, protein, and
alcohol.
The other patient statements are correct and indicate good understanding of the
diet instruction.
A patient recovering from DKA asks the nurse how acidosis occurs. The best
response by the nurse is that:
a. insufficient insulin leads to cellular starvation, and as cells rupture they release
organic acids into the blood.
b. when an insulin deficit causes hyperglycemia, then proteins are deaminated by
the liver, causing acidic by-products.
, 4|Page
c. excess glucose in the blood is metabolized by the liver into acetone, which is
acidic.
d. an insulin deficit promotes metabolism of fat stores, which produces large
amounts of acidic ketones. -correct-answer-*d. an insulin deficit promotes
metabolism of fat stores, which produces large amounts of acidic ketones.*
Rationale: Ketoacidosis is caused by the breakdown of fat stores when glucose is
not available for intracellular metabolism. The other responses are inaccurate.
A patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120
mg/dl (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient about:
a. use of low doses of regular insulin.
b. self-monitoring of blood glucose.
c. oral hypoglycemic medications.
d. maintenance of a healthy weight. -correct-answer-*d. maintenance of a healthy
weight.*
Rationale: The patient's impaired fasting glucose indicates pre-diabetes and the
patient should be counseled about LIFESTYLE CHANGES to prevent the
development of Type 2 diabetes.
The patient with pre-diabetes does not require insulin or the oral hypoglycemics
for glucose control and does not need to self-monitor blood glucose.
