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NSG 122 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM
4 2025 HERZING UNIVERSITY |
COMPREHENSIVE Q&A FOR GUARANTEED
SUCCESS
Why should we avoid raising knee of adjustable bed? -correct-answer-It can cause
pressure on popliteal space behind the knee resulting in impaired circulation to
lower extremity and increases risk of clot formation
NREM Sleep Definition & What % of Sleep? -correct-answer-Non Rapid Eye
Movement
75%
NREM Stage 1 -correct-answer-Transition between wake and sleep
Person relaxed but somewhat aware of surroundings, easy arousal
Ususally lasts minutes
5% of total sleep
NREM Stage 2 -correct-answer-The person falls into a stage of sleep.
The person can be aroused with relative ease.
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This stage constitutes 50% to 55% of sleep.
NREM Stage 3 -correct-answer-The depth of sleep increases, and arousal becomes
increasingly difficult.
This stage composes about 10% of sleep.
NREM Stage 4 -correct-answer-The person reaches the greatest depth of sleep,
which is called delta sleep.
Arousal from sleep is difficult.
10% of sleep
5 Physiologic Changes During NREM Stage 4 -correct-answer-Physiologic changes
in the body include the following:
1. Slow brain waves are recorded on an EEG
2. Pulse and respiratory rates decrease.
3. Blood pressure decreases.
4. Muscles are relaxed.
5. Metabolism slows and the body temperature is low.
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REM Sleep Body Changes -correct-answer-During REM sleep, the pulse,
respiratory rate, blood pressure, metabolic rate, and body temperature increase,
whereas general skeletal muscle tone and deep tendon reflexes are depressed
REM Sleep -correct-answer-REM sleep enters from stage II of NREM sleep and
reenters NREM sleep at stage II: arousal from sleep difficult
Constitutes about 20% to 25% of sleep
Insomnia -correct-answer-characterized by difficulty falling asleep, intermittent
sleep, or difficulty maintaining sleep, despite adequate opportunity and
circumstances to sleep. Disruption of circadian rhythms
Narcolepsy -correct-answer-Characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and
frequent overwhelming urges to sleep or inadvertent daytime lapses into sleep.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea -correct-answer-Potential serious disorder in which
throat muscles intermittently relax and block the airway during sleep causing
breathing to start and stop. Patient will use CPAP
Circadian Rhythm Disorder -correct-answer-Characterized by a chronic or
recurrent pattern of sleep-wake rhythm disruption primarily caused by an
NSG 122 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM
4 2025 HERZING UNIVERSITY |
COMPREHENSIVE Q&A FOR GUARANTEED
SUCCESS
Why should we avoid raising knee of adjustable bed? -correct-answer-It can cause
pressure on popliteal space behind the knee resulting in impaired circulation to
lower extremity and increases risk of clot formation
NREM Sleep Definition & What % of Sleep? -correct-answer-Non Rapid Eye
Movement
75%
NREM Stage 1 -correct-answer-Transition between wake and sleep
Person relaxed but somewhat aware of surroundings, easy arousal
Ususally lasts minutes
5% of total sleep
NREM Stage 2 -correct-answer-The person falls into a stage of sleep.
The person can be aroused with relative ease.
,2|Page
This stage constitutes 50% to 55% of sleep.
NREM Stage 3 -correct-answer-The depth of sleep increases, and arousal becomes
increasingly difficult.
This stage composes about 10% of sleep.
NREM Stage 4 -correct-answer-The person reaches the greatest depth of sleep,
which is called delta sleep.
Arousal from sleep is difficult.
10% of sleep
5 Physiologic Changes During NREM Stage 4 -correct-answer-Physiologic changes
in the body include the following:
1. Slow brain waves are recorded on an EEG
2. Pulse and respiratory rates decrease.
3. Blood pressure decreases.
4. Muscles are relaxed.
5. Metabolism slows and the body temperature is low.
, 3|Page
REM Sleep Body Changes -correct-answer-During REM sleep, the pulse,
respiratory rate, blood pressure, metabolic rate, and body temperature increase,
whereas general skeletal muscle tone and deep tendon reflexes are depressed
REM Sleep -correct-answer-REM sleep enters from stage II of NREM sleep and
reenters NREM sleep at stage II: arousal from sleep difficult
Constitutes about 20% to 25% of sleep
Insomnia -correct-answer-characterized by difficulty falling asleep, intermittent
sleep, or difficulty maintaining sleep, despite adequate opportunity and
circumstances to sleep. Disruption of circadian rhythms
Narcolepsy -correct-answer-Characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and
frequent overwhelming urges to sleep or inadvertent daytime lapses into sleep.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea -correct-answer-Potential serious disorder in which
throat muscles intermittently relax and block the airway during sleep causing
breathing to start and stop. Patient will use CPAP
Circadian Rhythm Disorder -correct-answer-Characterized by a chronic or
recurrent pattern of sleep-wake rhythm disruption primarily caused by an
