hesi gerontology Nclex exam
questions and answers plus
rationale
1. An older client who resides in a long-term care facility is hearing-impaired. How should the
practical nurse (PN) modify interventions for this client?
Rationale:
A hearing-impaired client frequently relies on lip reading and body language to determine what is being
said, so face the client and speak in a normal tone of voice.
A Turn off the client’s television and speak very loudly.
B Communicate in writing whenever it is possible.
C Speak very slowly while exaggerating each word.
D Face the client and speak in a normal tone of
voice
2. The daughter of a client diagnosed with Alzheimer disease reports to the
practical nurse (PN) that her mother has recently lost her appetite and
refuses to eat. The client was recently prescribed rivastigmine tartrate.
What instructions are important for the PN to provide to the client’s
daughter?
Rationale:
Rivastigmine tartrate, used to treat the dementia of Alzheimer disease, often
causes gastrointestinal side effects, which should be reported to the prescriber
before significant malnutrition and fluid volume deficit occur.
A Taking the medication before meals will help stimulate her interest in eating.
B Appetite generally increases once the medication has reached therapeutic levels.
C The prescriber should be notified if there is weight loss or an increased loss
of appetite.
D Anorexia indicates toxic drug levels and requires immediate assessment by the
prescriber.
1.
3. The client complains of nausea and vomiting about 1 hour after taking the morning dose of an
oral antidiabetic agent, glyburide. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Rationale:
When a client who has taken an oral antidiabetic agent vomits, the practical nurse (PN) should
monitor the blood glucose level and watch for signs of hypoglycemia.
,A Administer an additional dose of glyburide.
, B Take the client’s blood glucose levels and administer insulin
subcutaneously. C Check the blood glucose level and monitor for signs of
hyperglycemia.
D Closely monitor the blood glucose level and watch for signs of hypoglycemia.
4. The client is recently diagnosed with Parkinson disease and is to
begin medication therapy. What is the purpose of the client’s
medication therapy?
Rationale:
Drug therapy for Parkinson disease is used to reduce symptoms, such
as tremors, to improve the client’s quality of life.
A Decrease tremors.
B Slow disease progression.
C Cure Parkinson disease.
D Improve short-term memory.
5. The practical nurse (PN) reinforces the instructions to the client
after a hip replacement. Which client action indicates the need for
further education?
Rationale:
Maintaining the knee and hip in proper alignment and avoiding
internal or external rotation can prevent hip displacement. Crossing
the legs at the feet will cause the hip to rotate internally.
A Lying on the unaffected side
B Flexing and extending the feet
C Ambulating with physical therapy
D Crossing the feet while lying in bed
6. The practical nurse (PN) educates the client diagnosed with Parkinson about
levodopa-carbidopa. Which instruction about this medication should the PN
include in the client’s discharge teaching plan?
Rationale:
The client should call the health care provider if tremors become worse because
the dose may need to be adjusted.
A The client’s urine might be bright orange.
B Notify health care provider if tremors worsen.
C Take levodopa-carbidopa with a high-protein meal.
questions and answers plus
rationale
1. An older client who resides in a long-term care facility is hearing-impaired. How should the
practical nurse (PN) modify interventions for this client?
Rationale:
A hearing-impaired client frequently relies on lip reading and body language to determine what is being
said, so face the client and speak in a normal tone of voice.
A Turn off the client’s television and speak very loudly.
B Communicate in writing whenever it is possible.
C Speak very slowly while exaggerating each word.
D Face the client and speak in a normal tone of
voice
2. The daughter of a client diagnosed with Alzheimer disease reports to the
practical nurse (PN) that her mother has recently lost her appetite and
refuses to eat. The client was recently prescribed rivastigmine tartrate.
What instructions are important for the PN to provide to the client’s
daughter?
Rationale:
Rivastigmine tartrate, used to treat the dementia of Alzheimer disease, often
causes gastrointestinal side effects, which should be reported to the prescriber
before significant malnutrition and fluid volume deficit occur.
A Taking the medication before meals will help stimulate her interest in eating.
B Appetite generally increases once the medication has reached therapeutic levels.
C The prescriber should be notified if there is weight loss or an increased loss
of appetite.
D Anorexia indicates toxic drug levels and requires immediate assessment by the
prescriber.
1.
3. The client complains of nausea and vomiting about 1 hour after taking the morning dose of an
oral antidiabetic agent, glyburide. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Rationale:
When a client who has taken an oral antidiabetic agent vomits, the practical nurse (PN) should
monitor the blood glucose level and watch for signs of hypoglycemia.
,A Administer an additional dose of glyburide.
, B Take the client’s blood glucose levels and administer insulin
subcutaneously. C Check the blood glucose level and monitor for signs of
hyperglycemia.
D Closely monitor the blood glucose level and watch for signs of hypoglycemia.
4. The client is recently diagnosed with Parkinson disease and is to
begin medication therapy. What is the purpose of the client’s
medication therapy?
Rationale:
Drug therapy for Parkinson disease is used to reduce symptoms, such
as tremors, to improve the client’s quality of life.
A Decrease tremors.
B Slow disease progression.
C Cure Parkinson disease.
D Improve short-term memory.
5. The practical nurse (PN) reinforces the instructions to the client
after a hip replacement. Which client action indicates the need for
further education?
Rationale:
Maintaining the knee and hip in proper alignment and avoiding
internal or external rotation can prevent hip displacement. Crossing
the legs at the feet will cause the hip to rotate internally.
A Lying on the unaffected side
B Flexing and extending the feet
C Ambulating with physical therapy
D Crossing the feet while lying in bed
6. The practical nurse (PN) educates the client diagnosed with Parkinson about
levodopa-carbidopa. Which instruction about this medication should the PN
include in the client’s discharge teaching plan?
Rationale:
The client should call the health care provider if tremors become worse because
the dose may need to be adjusted.
A The client’s urine might be bright orange.
B Notify health care provider if tremors worsen.
C Take levodopa-carbidopa with a high-protein meal.
