UGA History Exemption Exam Post
1877 Questions with Complete
Solutions
J.P. Morgan - ANSWER-Banker who buys out Carnegie Steel and renames it to U.S.
Steel
Was a philanthropist in a way; he gave all the money needed for WWI and was
payed back
Was one of the "Robber barons"
Haymarket Riot (1886) - ANSWER-The riot took place in Chicago between rioters
and the police
It ended when someone threw a bomb that killed dozens
The riot was suppressed, and in addition with the damaged reputation of unions, it
also killed the Knights of Labor, who were seen as anarchists.
American Federation of Labor - ANSWER-1886; founded by Samuel Gompers;
sought better wages, hrs, working conditions; skilled laborers, arose out of
dissatisfaction with the Knights of Labor, rejected socialist and communist ideas,
non-violent.
Vertical Integration - ANSWER-Practice where a single entity controls the entire
process of a product, from the raw materials to distribution
Example: Phillip Armour's meat company
Horizontal Integration - ANSWER-Absorption into a single firm of several firms
involved in the same level of production and sharing resources at that level
Example: Rockefeller
Dawes Act of 1887 - ANSWER-Tried to civilize Indians and make them more little
settlers by giving them land to farm, instead it harmed their native culture
General Philip Sheridan - ANSWER-ordered by Grant to wage total war in
Shenandoah Valley in Virginia.
He burned and destroyed all farmland, animals and food
The Ghost Dance Movement - ANSWER-The last effort of Native Americans to resist
US domination and drive whites from their ancestral lands, came through as a
religious movement.
,Little Big Horn - ANSWER-General Custer and his men were wiped out by a coalition
of Sioux and Cheyenne Indians led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse
Geronimo - ANSWER-Apache chieftain who raided the white settlers in the
Southwest as resistance to being confined to a reservation (1829-1909)
Bureau of Indian Affairs - ANSWER-A government agency created in the 1800s to
oversee federal policy toward Native Americans
"kill the Indian, save the man"
New Immigration (1880-1920) - ANSWER-By the 1890s, over half of the 3.5 million
immigrants who came to our shores came from southern and eastern Europe, in
particular Italy and the Russian and Austro Hungarian empires
More likely than previous immigrants to be Jewish or catholic
While almost all of them were looking for work, many were also escaping political or
religious persecution
Immigration Restriction League - ANSWER-Founded in 1894 in Boston and lobbied
for national legislation that would limit the numbers of immigrants
Chinese Exclusion Act - ANSWER-(1882) Denied any additional Chinese laborers to
enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate
Yick Wo v. Hopkins (1886) - ANSWER-Supreme Court decision in 1886 overturning
San Francisco law that, as enforced, discriminated against Chinese-owned
laundries; established principle that equal protection of the law embodied in
Fourteenth Amendment applied to all Americans, not just former slaves
At its peak between 1901 and the outbreak of WWI in 1914, ___________________
immigrants came to the United States - ANSWER-13 Million
Urban Political Machines - ANSWER-Urban political machines sought to control
political power in major cities
They were often effective in providing their constituents with certain needs, but they
were very corrupt.
Grange Movement and Farmers Alliance - ANSWER-Grassroots movements that
attempted to address the plight of farmers in the late 1800s; attempted to regulate
railroads and enlarge opportunity for credit; evolved into Populist movement.
The People's Party (Populists) - ANSWER-In 1892 held a convention in Omaha and
put forth a remarkably reform minded plan
The sub-treasury plan
Government ownership of railroads
, Graduated income tax
Government control of the currency
Recognition of the rights of laborers to form unions
Free coinage of silver
Tom Watson - ANSWER-Georgia's Best-Known Populist
He was the first native southern politician concerned about African American
Farmers
Introduces Rural Free Delivery Bill
In 1905 he returned to the Democratic party and becomes a white-supremist
William Jennings Bryan - ANSWER-United States lawyer and politician who
advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a
Tennessee high school (1860-1925)
Scopes Monkey Trial
Sherman Antitrust Act - ANSWER-First federal action against monopolies, it was
signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for
trust-busting
However, it was initially misused against labor unions
Upton Sinclair - ANSWER-Author of The Jungle, about the horrors of food
productions in 1906
The Industrial Workers of the World - ANSWER-Founded in 1905, this radical union,
also known as the Wobblies aimed to unite the American working class into one
union to promote labor's interests
It worked to organize unskilled and foreign-born laborers, advocated social
revolution, and led several major strikes
Stressed solidarity.
Frederick W. Taylor, Scientific Management - ANSWER-A work published to
describe that the application of the scientific method to the management of workers
could improve productivity
Walter Lippmann - ANSWER-American journalist who opposed the containment
doctrine, stating that it would spread US resources thin; instead, promoted emphasis
on diplomacy
Plessy v. Ferguson - ANSWER-A 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized
state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal
"Separate but Equal"
1877 Questions with Complete
Solutions
J.P. Morgan - ANSWER-Banker who buys out Carnegie Steel and renames it to U.S.
Steel
Was a philanthropist in a way; he gave all the money needed for WWI and was
payed back
Was one of the "Robber barons"
Haymarket Riot (1886) - ANSWER-The riot took place in Chicago between rioters
and the police
It ended when someone threw a bomb that killed dozens
The riot was suppressed, and in addition with the damaged reputation of unions, it
also killed the Knights of Labor, who were seen as anarchists.
American Federation of Labor - ANSWER-1886; founded by Samuel Gompers;
sought better wages, hrs, working conditions; skilled laborers, arose out of
dissatisfaction with the Knights of Labor, rejected socialist and communist ideas,
non-violent.
Vertical Integration - ANSWER-Practice where a single entity controls the entire
process of a product, from the raw materials to distribution
Example: Phillip Armour's meat company
Horizontal Integration - ANSWER-Absorption into a single firm of several firms
involved in the same level of production and sharing resources at that level
Example: Rockefeller
Dawes Act of 1887 - ANSWER-Tried to civilize Indians and make them more little
settlers by giving them land to farm, instead it harmed their native culture
General Philip Sheridan - ANSWER-ordered by Grant to wage total war in
Shenandoah Valley in Virginia.
He burned and destroyed all farmland, animals and food
The Ghost Dance Movement - ANSWER-The last effort of Native Americans to resist
US domination and drive whites from their ancestral lands, came through as a
religious movement.
,Little Big Horn - ANSWER-General Custer and his men were wiped out by a coalition
of Sioux and Cheyenne Indians led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse
Geronimo - ANSWER-Apache chieftain who raided the white settlers in the
Southwest as resistance to being confined to a reservation (1829-1909)
Bureau of Indian Affairs - ANSWER-A government agency created in the 1800s to
oversee federal policy toward Native Americans
"kill the Indian, save the man"
New Immigration (1880-1920) - ANSWER-By the 1890s, over half of the 3.5 million
immigrants who came to our shores came from southern and eastern Europe, in
particular Italy and the Russian and Austro Hungarian empires
More likely than previous immigrants to be Jewish or catholic
While almost all of them were looking for work, many were also escaping political or
religious persecution
Immigration Restriction League - ANSWER-Founded in 1894 in Boston and lobbied
for national legislation that would limit the numbers of immigrants
Chinese Exclusion Act - ANSWER-(1882) Denied any additional Chinese laborers to
enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate
Yick Wo v. Hopkins (1886) - ANSWER-Supreme Court decision in 1886 overturning
San Francisco law that, as enforced, discriminated against Chinese-owned
laundries; established principle that equal protection of the law embodied in
Fourteenth Amendment applied to all Americans, not just former slaves
At its peak between 1901 and the outbreak of WWI in 1914, ___________________
immigrants came to the United States - ANSWER-13 Million
Urban Political Machines - ANSWER-Urban political machines sought to control
political power in major cities
They were often effective in providing their constituents with certain needs, but they
were very corrupt.
Grange Movement and Farmers Alliance - ANSWER-Grassroots movements that
attempted to address the plight of farmers in the late 1800s; attempted to regulate
railroads and enlarge opportunity for credit; evolved into Populist movement.
The People's Party (Populists) - ANSWER-In 1892 held a convention in Omaha and
put forth a remarkably reform minded plan
The sub-treasury plan
Government ownership of railroads
, Graduated income tax
Government control of the currency
Recognition of the rights of laborers to form unions
Free coinage of silver
Tom Watson - ANSWER-Georgia's Best-Known Populist
He was the first native southern politician concerned about African American
Farmers
Introduces Rural Free Delivery Bill
In 1905 he returned to the Democratic party and becomes a white-supremist
William Jennings Bryan - ANSWER-United States lawyer and politician who
advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a
Tennessee high school (1860-1925)
Scopes Monkey Trial
Sherman Antitrust Act - ANSWER-First federal action against monopolies, it was
signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for
trust-busting
However, it was initially misused against labor unions
Upton Sinclair - ANSWER-Author of The Jungle, about the horrors of food
productions in 1906
The Industrial Workers of the World - ANSWER-Founded in 1905, this radical union,
also known as the Wobblies aimed to unite the American working class into one
union to promote labor's interests
It worked to organize unskilled and foreign-born laborers, advocated social
revolution, and led several major strikes
Stressed solidarity.
Frederick W. Taylor, Scientific Management - ANSWER-A work published to
describe that the application of the scientific method to the management of workers
could improve productivity
Walter Lippmann - ANSWER-American journalist who opposed the containment
doctrine, stating that it would spread US resources thin; instead, promoted emphasis
on diplomacy
Plessy v. Ferguson - ANSWER-A 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized
state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal
"Separate but Equal"
