NBME CBSE Exam Questions with100% correct answers

NBME CBSE Exam Questions

with100% correct answers
Type II pneumocytes
ANS: surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*

Quiz Polio live v killed vaccine

ANS: Killed = Salk = IgG

Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces

Quiz Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx

ANS: Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth

Quiz Lung maturity determined with

ANS: Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes)
L >> S

Quiz Type I pneumocytes

,ANS: Squamous gas diffusion

Quiz Elastase in lungs

ANS: macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*

Quiz Elastin stretches and recoils due to

ANS: Lysine interchain crosslinks

Quiz air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC

ANS: Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5

Quiz Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during

ANS: Exhale of Tidal Volume

Quiz Lung Compliance is decreased by

ANS: LHF, pulmonary edema,
pulmonary fibrosis

Quiz Lung Compliance is increased by

ANS: emphysema, age

Quiz Obesity affects ERV and FRC

ANS: DECREASE
ERV & FRC

Quiz Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic)

,ANS: pulmonary = systemic

Quiz Anatomic pulmonary shunting

ANS: Bronchial circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries

Quiz More ventilation is at the

ANS: BASE

Quiz O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift

ANS: basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)

Quiz O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift

ANS: low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC

Quiz CO2 transport to lungs

ANS: *carbonic anhydrase*
Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)

Quiz CO poisoning causes

ANS: carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2

Quiz Cyanide poisoning causes

ANS: lactic acidosis

, Quiz How to treat cyanide poisoning

ANS: *Amyl nitrite* --> Methemoglobin
THEN *Thiosulfate* (hydroxycobalamin)

Quiz Normal A-a gradient

ANS: 5-15

Hypoventilation: Heroin OD or high altitude

Quiz Increased A-a gradient

ANS: *Diffusion impairment* (fibrosis)
*R-L shunt* (aspiration, ARDS)
*V/Q mismatch* (pulmonary edema

Quiz AT --> AT II
where and how

ANS: ACE
(- high in sarcoidosis)
In small pulmonary bV

Quiz C5a induces what

ANS: PMN influx (ie: in lungs)

Quiz Korotkoff sound

ANS: BP cuff - appear and disappear
in inflation/deflation

Quiz Pulsus Paradoxus

ANS: 10mmHg difference in
Korotkoff sound