N322 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
A loss of ___ body fluid in an adult is fatal Correct Answers
20%
antibody mediated immunity (humoral) Correct Answers Non-
specific/Inflammation response
B cells (become plasma cells)
· Becomes sensitized to foreign cells
· Plasma cell becomes antibody factory
Memory cells
· Remains sensitized
·Can secrete way more antibodies upon re-exposure
B cells mature in Correct Answers bones
basophils Correct Answers cause of s/s of inflammation and
allergic reactions
act on blood vessels via histamine, heparin, serotonin, kinins,
and leukotrienes
BUN range Correct Answers 5-20
Calcium and phosphate have ____ relationship Correct Answers
inverse
Calcium and vitamin D have ___ relationship Correct Answers
similar
causes of hyponatremia Correct Answers dilution therapy,
burns, renal disease (sodium loss in excess of water)
,compulsive water drinking (water gain in excess of sodium)
causes of metabolic acidosis Correct Answers excessive
oxidation of fatty acids
renal/liver failure
causes of metabolic alkalosis Correct Answers prolonged
vomiting, excess cortisol, hyperaldosteronism, thiazide diuretics,
prolonged NG suction
causes of respiratory acidosis Correct Answers obstruction,
inadequate chest expansion, alveolar block, unable to get rid of
CO2
causes of respiratory alkalosis Correct Answers
Hyperventilation, increased altitude, anxiety attack,
Pneumothorax, blood transfusion
cell mediated immunity Correct Answers Specific response to
virally infected cells/cancer
Helper T cell
· Enhances immune activity of all parts of immunity through
cytokines, factors, and lymphokines
Cytotoxic T cell
· Selectively attacks and destroys non-self cells (virally infected
cells, transplanted organs, grafts, etc.)
Regulator T cell
· Regulates balance between offensive and defensive
inflammation and immunity
Natural Killer cell
· Non-selectively attacks non-self cells especially cancer
, · Also attacks grafts and transplanted organs
chloride imbalance interventions Correct Answers result of
other electrolyte imbalances, correct other electrolyte or acid
base problems
criteria for local infection Correct Answers heat
redness
inflammation
increased exudate
odor, increase in size
pain/tenderness
wound breakdown
criteria for systemic infection Correct Answers pyrexia
malaise
induration/redness
wound breakdown/dehiscence
describe an isotonic solution Correct Answers These solutions
have the same concentration as the cells, so an equal amount of
water goes into and out of the cells so there is NO NET
CHANGE
describe hypertonic solutions and when they are given Correct
Answers These solutions are HIGH in solutes and cause the
body to pull water from the cells.
when a person has hypovolemia
A loss of ___ body fluid in an adult is fatal Correct Answers
20%
antibody mediated immunity (humoral) Correct Answers Non-
specific/Inflammation response
B cells (become plasma cells)
· Becomes sensitized to foreign cells
· Plasma cell becomes antibody factory
Memory cells
· Remains sensitized
·Can secrete way more antibodies upon re-exposure
B cells mature in Correct Answers bones
basophils Correct Answers cause of s/s of inflammation and
allergic reactions
act on blood vessels via histamine, heparin, serotonin, kinins,
and leukotrienes
BUN range Correct Answers 5-20
Calcium and phosphate have ____ relationship Correct Answers
inverse
Calcium and vitamin D have ___ relationship Correct Answers
similar
causes of hyponatremia Correct Answers dilution therapy,
burns, renal disease (sodium loss in excess of water)
,compulsive water drinking (water gain in excess of sodium)
causes of metabolic acidosis Correct Answers excessive
oxidation of fatty acids
renal/liver failure
causes of metabolic alkalosis Correct Answers prolonged
vomiting, excess cortisol, hyperaldosteronism, thiazide diuretics,
prolonged NG suction
causes of respiratory acidosis Correct Answers obstruction,
inadequate chest expansion, alveolar block, unable to get rid of
CO2
causes of respiratory alkalosis Correct Answers
Hyperventilation, increased altitude, anxiety attack,
Pneumothorax, blood transfusion
cell mediated immunity Correct Answers Specific response to
virally infected cells/cancer
Helper T cell
· Enhances immune activity of all parts of immunity through
cytokines, factors, and lymphokines
Cytotoxic T cell
· Selectively attacks and destroys non-self cells (virally infected
cells, transplanted organs, grafts, etc.)
Regulator T cell
· Regulates balance between offensive and defensive
inflammation and immunity
Natural Killer cell
· Non-selectively attacks non-self cells especially cancer
, · Also attacks grafts and transplanted organs
chloride imbalance interventions Correct Answers result of
other electrolyte imbalances, correct other electrolyte or acid
base problems
criteria for local infection Correct Answers heat
redness
inflammation
increased exudate
odor, increase in size
pain/tenderness
wound breakdown
criteria for systemic infection Correct Answers pyrexia
malaise
induration/redness
wound breakdown/dehiscence
describe an isotonic solution Correct Answers These solutions
have the same concentration as the cells, so an equal amount of
water goes into and out of the cells so there is NO NET
CHANGE
describe hypertonic solutions and when they are given Correct
Answers These solutions are HIGH in solutes and cause the
body to pull water from the cells.
when a person has hypovolemia
