NAMS Chapter 1 Menopause
1. Early postmenopause endocrine marker levels during first 2 years afterFMP: FSH
continues to rise and estradiol decreases
2. What time defines STRAW stage +1a: 12 months after FMP
3. What time defines stage +1b: Second postmenopause year and ends whenFSH and
estradiol levels stabilize
4. When are vasomotor symptoms most likely to occur?: Stages +1a and +1b,generally lasts 2
years
5. What is the time that defines stage +1c: 3-6 years after FMP, high FSH andlow estradiol
levels stabilize
6. What is the time that defines late postmenopause stage +2?: 5-8 years afterFMP and
continues for remaining lifetime
7. What phase experienced increased GU symptoms?: Late postmenopause,stage +2
8. Normal menstrual cycle characteristics: 28 days longFollicular phase lasting 14 days
Luteal phase that lasts 14 days
9. Physiology of a normal menstrual cycle: Early follicular phase FSH rise thatcauses an
initiation of folliculogensis
Dominant follicle is selected causing estradiol levels to increase until midcycle peak(day 13).
Peak in estradiol levels cause a LH surge which completes ovulation and corpusluteum
formation
Progesterone levels increase over the luteal phase which peaks about day 20-22and declines in
absence of pregnancy
10. What hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex?: glucocorticoids (cor-tisol &
corticosteroids) produced by the zona fasciculata
mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) produced by zona glomerulosaSex steroids (androgens)
produced by zona reticularis
11. What hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?: Catecholamines(epinephrine,
norepinephrine, and dopamine)
12. What are the adrenal androgens?: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehy-
droepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and androstenedione
13. What is adrenal fatigue?: Chronic exposure to long-term physical, emotional,or
psychological stress which causes downregulation of HPA axis
14. Symptoms of adrenal fatigue: fatigue, difficulty sleeping, mood disturbances
1. Early postmenopause endocrine marker levels during first 2 years afterFMP: FSH
continues to rise and estradiol decreases
2. What time defines STRAW stage +1a: 12 months after FMP
3. What time defines stage +1b: Second postmenopause year and ends whenFSH and
estradiol levels stabilize
4. When are vasomotor symptoms most likely to occur?: Stages +1a and +1b,generally lasts 2
years
5. What is the time that defines stage +1c: 3-6 years after FMP, high FSH andlow estradiol
levels stabilize
6. What is the time that defines late postmenopause stage +2?: 5-8 years afterFMP and
continues for remaining lifetime
7. What phase experienced increased GU symptoms?: Late postmenopause,stage +2
8. Normal menstrual cycle characteristics: 28 days longFollicular phase lasting 14 days
Luteal phase that lasts 14 days
9. Physiology of a normal menstrual cycle: Early follicular phase FSH rise thatcauses an
initiation of folliculogensis
Dominant follicle is selected causing estradiol levels to increase until midcycle peak(day 13).
Peak in estradiol levels cause a LH surge which completes ovulation and corpusluteum
formation
Progesterone levels increase over the luteal phase which peaks about day 20-22and declines in
absence of pregnancy
10. What hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex?: glucocorticoids (cor-tisol &
corticosteroids) produced by the zona fasciculata
mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) produced by zona glomerulosaSex steroids (androgens)
produced by zona reticularis
11. What hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?: Catecholamines(epinephrine,
norepinephrine, and dopamine)
12. What are the adrenal androgens?: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehy-
droepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and androstenedione
13. What is adrenal fatigue?: Chronic exposure to long-term physical, emotional,or
psychological stress which causes downregulation of HPA axis
14. Symptoms of adrenal fatigue: fatigue, difficulty sleeping, mood disturbances
