Exam 1: NR341 / NR 341 (Latest Update 2025 /
2026) Complex Adult Health | Questions &
Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct.
Chamberlain
1. Simple Airway Adjuncts: maintain or open the airway; used to assist w/
manual ventilation using a BVM and can assist with suctioning
OPA- stops tongue from obstructing the epiglottis; used in unconscious pts; do
not use if pt has gag-reflex; can lead to broken teeth
NPA- used in conscious pt w/ gag-reflex; contraindicated in suspected facial
trauma
2. Non-invasive ventilation: mask devices that provide ventilatory support
using air pressure to prevent alveolar collapse and require O2 in acute
respiratory failure when a client remains hypoxic despite optimal medical
management. w/ out using an artificial airway
; also use for obstructive sleep apnea
,CPAP- continuous positive airway pressure and O2 (if needed) w/ inhalation
and expiration
BiPAP- administration of 2 levels of airway pressure, one during inspiration
and another during expiration (w/ O2 if needed)
not recommended for facial trauma; pt must be able to remove in case of
vomiting to prevent aspiration
3. Artificial airways: provide secure airway to maintain ventilation during
emergency or during surgery; allow for external control
Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)- tube designed to cover supraglottic area to
open airway for short term use; common when endotracheal intubation can
not be completed; *risk of aspiration, do not use if mouth does not open
normally or upper airway obstruction
ETT- temporary airway support; longer term (days to weeks); inserted into
trachea through mouth or nose
Tracheostomy- surgical opening below the larynx; used to overcome airway
obstruction or facilitate mechanical ventilation
, 4. Mechanical Ventilation: provides controlled invasive ventilation using
positive or negative pressure and O2 to facilitate inspiration and expiration in
pts who cannot breath independently
Ventilator- pt cannot maintain effective gas exchange (respiratory failure,
pneumonia, exacerbation of COPD, ALS)
*risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
5. Methods for Communicating w/ a client on a ventilator: physical
communication: touch, eye contact, nod head visual communication: pictures,
verbal communication: notebook, speak loud and clear
6. Pneumothorax: air in pleural cavity putting pressure on outside of lung
causing it to collapse
- caused by laceration or puncture to lung during medical procedures; trauma
(rib fractures, penetrating wounds, blunt trauma, underlying conditions
increased risk of spontaneous pneumo
Risk Factors: smoking, tall and thin, family Hx, chronic lung disease,
pregnancy, lung infection, mechanical ventilation
2026) Complex Adult Health | Questions &
Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct.
Chamberlain
1. Simple Airway Adjuncts: maintain or open the airway; used to assist w/
manual ventilation using a BVM and can assist with suctioning
OPA- stops tongue from obstructing the epiglottis; used in unconscious pts; do
not use if pt has gag-reflex; can lead to broken teeth
NPA- used in conscious pt w/ gag-reflex; contraindicated in suspected facial
trauma
2. Non-invasive ventilation: mask devices that provide ventilatory support
using air pressure to prevent alveolar collapse and require O2 in acute
respiratory failure when a client remains hypoxic despite optimal medical
management. w/ out using an artificial airway
; also use for obstructive sleep apnea
,CPAP- continuous positive airway pressure and O2 (if needed) w/ inhalation
and expiration
BiPAP- administration of 2 levels of airway pressure, one during inspiration
and another during expiration (w/ O2 if needed)
not recommended for facial trauma; pt must be able to remove in case of
vomiting to prevent aspiration
3. Artificial airways: provide secure airway to maintain ventilation during
emergency or during surgery; allow for external control
Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)- tube designed to cover supraglottic area to
open airway for short term use; common when endotracheal intubation can
not be completed; *risk of aspiration, do not use if mouth does not open
normally or upper airway obstruction
ETT- temporary airway support; longer term (days to weeks); inserted into
trachea through mouth or nose
Tracheostomy- surgical opening below the larynx; used to overcome airway
obstruction or facilitate mechanical ventilation
, 4. Mechanical Ventilation: provides controlled invasive ventilation using
positive or negative pressure and O2 to facilitate inspiration and expiration in
pts who cannot breath independently
Ventilator- pt cannot maintain effective gas exchange (respiratory failure,
pneumonia, exacerbation of COPD, ALS)
*risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
5. Methods for Communicating w/ a client on a ventilator: physical
communication: touch, eye contact, nod head visual communication: pictures,
verbal communication: notebook, speak loud and clear
6. Pneumothorax: air in pleural cavity putting pressure on outside of lung
causing it to collapse
- caused by laceration or puncture to lung during medical procedures; trauma
(rib fractures, penetrating wounds, blunt trauma, underlying conditions
increased risk of spontaneous pneumo
Risk Factors: smoking, tall and thin, family Hx, chronic lung disease,
pregnancy, lung infection, mechanical ventilation
