NU 308 Diabetes & Burns (WITH Handout)
Bushey UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Burns are in the top ___ leading causes of accidental death in children. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Top 5
*Slightly decreasing
Who is at an increased risk for burns? - CORRECT ANSWER - Preschool and school
aged children
Axp ___-___% of burns do occur in the home (including from fires). - CORRECT
ANSWER - 65-75%
*check smoke detector batteries
And axp ~____% of burns are preventable. - CORRECT ANSWER - 75%
What are some of the various types of burns? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Thermal (Most
Common)
-Chemical
-Exposure to cold
-Radiation
-Electricity
Some types of thermal burns include... - CORRECT ANSWER - -Scalds (hot liquids)
-Flames (i.e. matches)
,*scalds are the most common type of thermal burns
When it comes to chemical burns, it is important to remember to... - CORRECT
ANSWER - -Brush chemicals off quickly
-Flush with water for *20 minutes*
-Remove contacts immediately
What are various sources of radiation burns? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Nuclear fallout
-Radiation treatments for CA
With electrical burns, these burns are unique in that they look like what? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Has an entrance and exit wound and often very deep (commonly a 3rd degree
burn and down to the muscle/bone) but appears less severe from the surface
*-Iceberg Effect *
Electrical burns can be dangerous but the electricity from the burn often affects the what as well?
- CORRECT ANSWER - The heart
-risk for total arrest or V-fib
*keep these pts on a cardiac monitor
Pts with electrical burns also will to be transferred with what? - CORRECT ANSWER -A
spinal board and C-Collar d/t concern from fractures
Why do pt with electrical burns also have a risk for fractures? - CORRECT ANSWER --
Because the electrical current can cause severe tetanic contractions of the muscles that can
actually break or dislocate bones
-Or because they may have been injured when they fell from the shock
,Unfortunately, burns can be used as a form of abuse. What are the #2 most common types of
intentional burns? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Immersion in hot water
2. Contact with hot objects (i.e. iron, cigarettes)
When treating children with burns it is important to monitor for signs of abusive burns. What are
some various signs that the burns are intentional? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Symmetrical
and Smooth burn edges (vs ragged)
-Stocking Glove Appearance: even edges with a dipping-like appearance
-No splash marks
-History does not match burn injury
-Deep imprints from object burns
What is the #1 sign a burn is a result of abuse? - CORRECT ANSWER - The history of
the burn does *not* match the injury
When it comes to the skin, the skin is the _________ organ of the body. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Largest
What is the role of the skin? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Protection
2. Temperature Control
Skin acts as protection for... - CORRECT ANSWER - -Barrier against infection
-Prevents loss of fluids
The #1 cause of death from severe burns is.... - CORRECT ANSWER - Infection
The skin also helps regulate temperature. Thus, burns patients are often (cold/hot) so their
environment needs to be (cooler/warmer). - CORRECT ANSWER - Cold; warmer
, When it comes to assessing the severity of burns union admissions, what are 3 major things you
need to do? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Assess percentage of Body Surface Area Burned
(BSAB)
2. Assess Depth of burns
3. Assess Location of burns
Assessing BSAB is the *most* importance assessment to do. This may also be referred to the
"________" of body area burned. - CORRECT ANSWER - Extent
When it comes to adults/15 years or older, what is the tool used to assess the BSAB? -
CORRECT ANSWER - The Rules of Nines
What is the Rule of Nines for adults? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Head and Neck: 9%
-Left arm: 9%
-Right arm: 9%
-Front of trunk: 18%
-Back of trunk: 18%
-Right Leg: 18%
-Left Leg: 18%
-Perineum: 1%
For children under 15, body proportions differ based on age. What specialized charts are used to
help determine BSAB in children? - CORRECT ANSWER - Lund/Browder charts
Note that BSAB is typically only done for... - CORRECT ANSWER - 2nd and 3rd degree
burns
-not typically done for 1st degree burns because they don't often require as much special care
How do you calculate a child's BSAB using the Pediatrics Rule of Nines? - CORRECT
ANSWER - For each year a child is over 1 year old:
Bushey UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Burns are in the top ___ leading causes of accidental death in children. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Top 5
*Slightly decreasing
Who is at an increased risk for burns? - CORRECT ANSWER - Preschool and school
aged children
Axp ___-___% of burns do occur in the home (including from fires). - CORRECT
ANSWER - 65-75%
*check smoke detector batteries
And axp ~____% of burns are preventable. - CORRECT ANSWER - 75%
What are some of the various types of burns? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Thermal (Most
Common)
-Chemical
-Exposure to cold
-Radiation
-Electricity
Some types of thermal burns include... - CORRECT ANSWER - -Scalds (hot liquids)
-Flames (i.e. matches)
,*scalds are the most common type of thermal burns
When it comes to chemical burns, it is important to remember to... - CORRECT
ANSWER - -Brush chemicals off quickly
-Flush with water for *20 minutes*
-Remove contacts immediately
What are various sources of radiation burns? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Nuclear fallout
-Radiation treatments for CA
With electrical burns, these burns are unique in that they look like what? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Has an entrance and exit wound and often very deep (commonly a 3rd degree
burn and down to the muscle/bone) but appears less severe from the surface
*-Iceberg Effect *
Electrical burns can be dangerous but the electricity from the burn often affects the what as well?
- CORRECT ANSWER - The heart
-risk for total arrest or V-fib
*keep these pts on a cardiac monitor
Pts with electrical burns also will to be transferred with what? - CORRECT ANSWER -A
spinal board and C-Collar d/t concern from fractures
Why do pt with electrical burns also have a risk for fractures? - CORRECT ANSWER --
Because the electrical current can cause severe tetanic contractions of the muscles that can
actually break or dislocate bones
-Or because they may have been injured when they fell from the shock
,Unfortunately, burns can be used as a form of abuse. What are the #2 most common types of
intentional burns? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Immersion in hot water
2. Contact with hot objects (i.e. iron, cigarettes)
When treating children with burns it is important to monitor for signs of abusive burns. What are
some various signs that the burns are intentional? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Symmetrical
and Smooth burn edges (vs ragged)
-Stocking Glove Appearance: even edges with a dipping-like appearance
-No splash marks
-History does not match burn injury
-Deep imprints from object burns
What is the #1 sign a burn is a result of abuse? - CORRECT ANSWER - The history of
the burn does *not* match the injury
When it comes to the skin, the skin is the _________ organ of the body. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Largest
What is the role of the skin? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Protection
2. Temperature Control
Skin acts as protection for... - CORRECT ANSWER - -Barrier against infection
-Prevents loss of fluids
The #1 cause of death from severe burns is.... - CORRECT ANSWER - Infection
The skin also helps regulate temperature. Thus, burns patients are often (cold/hot) so their
environment needs to be (cooler/warmer). - CORRECT ANSWER - Cold; warmer
, When it comes to assessing the severity of burns union admissions, what are 3 major things you
need to do? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Assess percentage of Body Surface Area Burned
(BSAB)
2. Assess Depth of burns
3. Assess Location of burns
Assessing BSAB is the *most* importance assessment to do. This may also be referred to the
"________" of body area burned. - CORRECT ANSWER - Extent
When it comes to adults/15 years or older, what is the tool used to assess the BSAB? -
CORRECT ANSWER - The Rules of Nines
What is the Rule of Nines for adults? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Head and Neck: 9%
-Left arm: 9%
-Right arm: 9%
-Front of trunk: 18%
-Back of trunk: 18%
-Right Leg: 18%
-Left Leg: 18%
-Perineum: 1%
For children under 15, body proportions differ based on age. What specialized charts are used to
help determine BSAB in children? - CORRECT ANSWER - Lund/Browder charts
Note that BSAB is typically only done for... - CORRECT ANSWER - 2nd and 3rd degree
burns
-not typically done for 1st degree burns because they don't often require as much special care
How do you calculate a child's BSAB using the Pediatrics Rule of Nines? - CORRECT
ANSWER - For each year a child is over 1 year old:
