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EXSC 223 Exam 1 Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
Chemical Level
⼀Answer:- Atoms combine to form molecules
Cellular Level
⼀Answer:- Made up of molecules
Tissue Level
⼀Answer:- Consist of similar types of cells
Organ Level
⼀Answer:- Made up of different types of tissues
Organ System Level
⼀Answer:- Consist of different organs that work together closely
Organism Level
⼀Answer:- Made up of organ systems
Anatomy
⼀Answer:- The structure of the body parts and their relationships to
one another
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Gross Anatomy
⼀Answer:- Study of large structures (i.e. heart, lungs, etc.)
Surface Anatomy
⼀Answer:- Internal body structures as they relate to the skin
Microscopic Anatomy
⼀Answer:- Cytology (cells) and histology (tissues)
Developmental Anatomy
⼀Answer:- Embryology
Physiology
⼀Answer:- The function of the living systems (digestive, respiratory,
cardiovascular, and urinary systems)
Structure and Function Relationship
⼀Answer:- You can't have physiology without anatomy; function is
dependent on structure and the form of a structure relates to its
function (principle of complementary of structure and function)
Unique Characteristics of Living Things
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⼀Answer:- -Maintain Boundaries (keep inside in and outside out)
-Movement (locomotion, digestion)
-Responsiveness (respond to environment)
-Digestion
-Metabolism (a series of reactions- catabolic and anabolic)
-Excretion (cells produce waste products and eliminate them)
-Growth (mitosis, lateral and vertical)
-Reproduction (continuance of life)
Homeostasis
⼀Answer:- A dynamic state of equilibrium which maintains a
relatively constant internal environment (your body if constantly trying
to reach it)
Disease
⼀Answer:- Lack of consistency in the internal environment leads to a
________ state.
Explain how a negative feedback control works.
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⼀Answer:- -Receptors detect a stimulus when body is out of balance
-They send info to the control center (brain) via afferent pathways
-Control Center sends info to an effector via an efferent pathway
-Effector brings body back to balance via some sort of change or
response
Negative Feedback Control
⼀Answer:- -Goal: to restore balance
-Most common type of regularity system
-Self-limiting systems (i.e. thermoregulation)
Positive Feedback Control
⼀Answer:- -Goal: to magnify/increase the original stimulus
-Self-sustaining or self perpetuating
-Examples: blood clotting; contractions during labor
How does blood clotting work?
⼀Answer:- Platelets become sticky and create more platelets. The
feedback cycle ends when the plug is formed
Homeostatic Imbalance
⼀Answer:- When system cannot restore balance (i.e. Type II
Diabetes)
Disease or Death
EXSC 223 Exam 1 Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
Chemical Level
⼀Answer:- Atoms combine to form molecules
Cellular Level
⼀Answer:- Made up of molecules
Tissue Level
⼀Answer:- Consist of similar types of cells
Organ Level
⼀Answer:- Made up of different types of tissues
Organ System Level
⼀Answer:- Consist of different organs that work together closely
Organism Level
⼀Answer:- Made up of organ systems
Anatomy
⼀Answer:- The structure of the body parts and their relationships to
one another
, Page | 2
Gross Anatomy
⼀Answer:- Study of large structures (i.e. heart, lungs, etc.)
Surface Anatomy
⼀Answer:- Internal body structures as they relate to the skin
Microscopic Anatomy
⼀Answer:- Cytology (cells) and histology (tissues)
Developmental Anatomy
⼀Answer:- Embryology
Physiology
⼀Answer:- The function of the living systems (digestive, respiratory,
cardiovascular, and urinary systems)
Structure and Function Relationship
⼀Answer:- You can't have physiology without anatomy; function is
dependent on structure and the form of a structure relates to its
function (principle of complementary of structure and function)
Unique Characteristics of Living Things
, Page | 3
⼀Answer:- -Maintain Boundaries (keep inside in and outside out)
-Movement (locomotion, digestion)
-Responsiveness (respond to environment)
-Digestion
-Metabolism (a series of reactions- catabolic and anabolic)
-Excretion (cells produce waste products and eliminate them)
-Growth (mitosis, lateral and vertical)
-Reproduction (continuance of life)
Homeostasis
⼀Answer:- A dynamic state of equilibrium which maintains a
relatively constant internal environment (your body if constantly trying
to reach it)
Disease
⼀Answer:- Lack of consistency in the internal environment leads to a
________ state.
Explain how a negative feedback control works.
, Page | 4
⼀Answer:- -Receptors detect a stimulus when body is out of balance
-They send info to the control center (brain) via afferent pathways
-Control Center sends info to an effector via an efferent pathway
-Effector brings body back to balance via some sort of change or
response
Negative Feedback Control
⼀Answer:- -Goal: to restore balance
-Most common type of regularity system
-Self-limiting systems (i.e. thermoregulation)
Positive Feedback Control
⼀Answer:- -Goal: to magnify/increase the original stimulus
-Self-sustaining or self perpetuating
-Examples: blood clotting; contractions during labor
How does blood clotting work?
⼀Answer:- Platelets become sticky and create more platelets. The
feedback cycle ends when the plug is formed
Homeostatic Imbalance
⼀Answer:- When system cannot restore balance (i.e. Type II
Diabetes)
Disease or Death
