Micro Exam 3 Study Guide questions and answers (2025
2026 update) complete test (100% verified)
Which form of DNA is characterized by a right-handed helix with 10 basepairs per turn? - ✔✔ANS B form
Draw the central dogma of molecular biology as was done in lecture. Be sure to correctly label all 3 arrows i
your drawing. - ✔✔ANS DNA (self replicates)
mRNA (transcribes for protein)
protein (assembled from amino acids)
DNA polymerase enzymes can only synthesize new DNA in the __' to __' direction - ✔✔ANS 5' to 3'
During DNA replication, which strand of the parental DNA serves as the template strand? - ✔✔ANS 3' to 5'
During DNA replication, which strand contains Okazaki fragments? - ✔✔ANS Lagging strand
This protein binds to the origin of replication - ✔✔ANS DNA A
This enzyme does most of the synthesis of new DNA strands during DNA replication - ✔✔ANS DN
polymerase III
This enzyme can connect a 5' end to a 3' end in a DNA molecule, sealing gaps in its backbone - ✔✔AN
Ligase (think of ligaments holding bones together)
, This protein unwinds and separates the helix of DNA one base pair at a time - ✔✔ANS Helicase (thin
helicopter with winding blades)
This enzyme moves in front of the replication forks and relieves supercoiling - ✔✔ANS Topoisomerase (o
gyrase)
This enzyme synthesizes RNA primers during DNA replication - ✔✔ANS RNA Primase
All of the proteins involved in DNA replication at the replication fork are collectively called? - ✔✔AN
Replisome
Explain the advantage of bidirectional replication for prokaryotes - ✔✔ANS Faster process of replication
Draw a typical gene and label its promoter, coding region, and terminator - ✔✔ANS
During which stage of transcription does RNA polymerase bind to the promoter of a gene? - ✔✔ANS Initiatio
Write the mRNA that would be produced by the transcription of the following sequence in DNA: TAC GGG TT
AAA CGC CAT - ✔✔ANS AUG CCC AAA UUU GCG GUA
RNA polymerase can only synthesize mRNA in the __' to __' direction - ✔✔ANS 5' to 3'
During transcription, which strand of DNA serves as the template strand? - ✔✔ANS 3' to 5'
During transcription, what protein assists RNA polymerase with promoter recognition? - ✔✔ANS σ factor
or Sigma Factor
This enzyme "reads" the coding region of a gene and synthesizes complementary mRNA - ✔✔ANS RN
polymerase
2026 update) complete test (100% verified)
Which form of DNA is characterized by a right-handed helix with 10 basepairs per turn? - ✔✔ANS B form
Draw the central dogma of molecular biology as was done in lecture. Be sure to correctly label all 3 arrows i
your drawing. - ✔✔ANS DNA (self replicates)
mRNA (transcribes for protein)
protein (assembled from amino acids)
DNA polymerase enzymes can only synthesize new DNA in the __' to __' direction - ✔✔ANS 5' to 3'
During DNA replication, which strand of the parental DNA serves as the template strand? - ✔✔ANS 3' to 5'
During DNA replication, which strand contains Okazaki fragments? - ✔✔ANS Lagging strand
This protein binds to the origin of replication - ✔✔ANS DNA A
This enzyme does most of the synthesis of new DNA strands during DNA replication - ✔✔ANS DN
polymerase III
This enzyme can connect a 5' end to a 3' end in a DNA molecule, sealing gaps in its backbone - ✔✔AN
Ligase (think of ligaments holding bones together)
, This protein unwinds and separates the helix of DNA one base pair at a time - ✔✔ANS Helicase (thin
helicopter with winding blades)
This enzyme moves in front of the replication forks and relieves supercoiling - ✔✔ANS Topoisomerase (o
gyrase)
This enzyme synthesizes RNA primers during DNA replication - ✔✔ANS RNA Primase
All of the proteins involved in DNA replication at the replication fork are collectively called? - ✔✔AN
Replisome
Explain the advantage of bidirectional replication for prokaryotes - ✔✔ANS Faster process of replication
Draw a typical gene and label its promoter, coding region, and terminator - ✔✔ANS
During which stage of transcription does RNA polymerase bind to the promoter of a gene? - ✔✔ANS Initiatio
Write the mRNA that would be produced by the transcription of the following sequence in DNA: TAC GGG TT
AAA CGC CAT - ✔✔ANS AUG CCC AAA UUU GCG GUA
RNA polymerase can only synthesize mRNA in the __' to __' direction - ✔✔ANS 5' to 3'
During transcription, which strand of DNA serves as the template strand? - ✔✔ANS 3' to 5'
During transcription, what protein assists RNA polymerase with promoter recognition? - ✔✔ANS σ factor
or Sigma Factor
This enzyme "reads" the coding region of a gene and synthesizes complementary mRNA - ✔✔ANS RN
polymerase
